Dividend Valuation
Dividend refers to a reward or cash that a company gives to its shareholders out of the profits. Dividends can be issued in various forms such as cash payment, stocks, or in any other form as per the company norms. It is usually a part of the profit that the company shares with its shareholders.
Dividend Discount Model
Dividend payments are generally paid to investors or shareholders of a company when the company earns profit for the year, thus representing growth. The dividend discount model is an important method used to forecast the price of a company’s stock. It is based on the computation methodology that the present value of all its future dividends is equivalent to the value of the company.
Capital Gains Yield
It may be referred to as the earnings generated on an investment over a particular period of time. It is generally expressed as a percentage and includes some dividends or interest earned by holding a particular security. Cases, where it is higher normally, indicate the higher income and lower risk. It is mostly computed on an annual basis and is different from the total return on investment. In case it becomes too high, indicates that either the stock prices are going down or the company is paying higher dividends.
Stock Valuation
In simple words, stock valuation is a tool to calculate the current price, or value, of a company. It is used to not only calculate the value of the company but help an investor decide if they want to buy, sell or hold a company's stocks.
- What is the
future value of $5,000 invested for 4 years at 7.5% interest compounded continuously?
2. What is the present value of $20,000 to be received in 3 years at a 9% discount rate compounded continuously?
3. A stock sells for $110. A call option on the stock has an exercise price of $105 and expires in 43 days. If the interest rate is 0.11 and the standard deviation of the stock’s return is 0.25.
a) Calculate the call using the Black-Scholes model
b) What would be the price of a put with an exercise price of $140 and the same time until expiration?
c) How does an increase in the volatility and interest rate changes affect the underlying stock’s return on an option’s value? Explain.
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