What is the physical layer's concern with bit-by-bit delivery?
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What is the physical layer's concern with bit-by-bit delivery?
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- Write the answer of each of the following questions in brief with respect to OSI layer model: Transmission of bit stream across physical medium Answer: *This question has already been submitted, but this question remains unansweredThe term synchronization has many meanings in Computer Science. Within the networking field, the term is usually used to describe making asynchronous communication synchronous (A coordination of activities; running at the same rate) We see synchronization occurring in different layers, but we are mostly concerned with the physical layer and the data link layer (L1 and L2). a) In what ways is synchronization in these two layers similar? b) In what ways is synchronization in these two layers dissimilar?The minimum number of columns in a datagram network is two; the minimum number of columns in a virtual-circuit network is four. Can you explain the reason? Is the difference related to the type of addresses carried in the packets of each network?
- Name Three error-detection strategies employed by link layerHow do ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) and RARP (Reverse ARP) differ in their functionalities within the Data Link layer?A 4480-octet datagram is to be transmitted and needs to be fragmented because it will pass through an Ethernet with a maximum payload of 1500 octets. Show the Total Length, More Flag, and Fragment Offset values in each of the resulting fragments.
- Explain how these addresses are being sent to a receiver on the Ethernet cable. Use arrow to for the flow of the stream of bits. 1. 4A : FF : 8B : 90: AD: E6 2. FD: AC:49 : 9E : CE : 3BSuppose a switch is built using a computer workstation and that it can forward packets at a rate of 500,000 packets per second, regardless (within limits) of size. Assume the workstation uses direct memory access (DMA) to move data in and out of its main memory, which has a bandwidth of 2 Gbps, and that the I/O bus has a bandwidth of 1 Gbps. At what packet size would the bus bandwidth become the limiting factor?Explain Error Detection and Correction bits (EDC) in data link layer with the help of basic diagram.