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- Epigenetic modification of gene expressiona. always inhibits gene transcription.b. always stimulates gene expression.c. is erased from the DNA following mitotic cell division.d. may sometimes be transmitted from generation to generation.Which of the following is not an example of epigenetic gene regulation?a. genomic imprinting in mammalsb. X-chromosome inactivation in mammalsc. cell differentiation in animals and plantsd. regulation of the lac operon in E. coli via allolactosee. the effects of toxins in cigarette smoke that alter gene expressionSpecific environmental or nongenetic factors can cause epigenetic modifications. Identical twins have essentially the same DNA sequences; however, aging and significant lifestyle differences cause changes in _____ because: Genomic imprinting Histone modification Chromatin structure DNA methylation
- Which of the following statements does not accurately complete this statement: An epigenetic trait _________. can be passed from mother cell to daughter cell by mitosis can be passed to the next generation by meiosis is a change in the DNA sequence causes changes in gene expression All are accurate Of the following, which is a good example of epigenetic changes? methylation of DNA bases addition of acetyl groups to histones CpG islands imprinting of genes All are good examples of epigenetic changesWhich of the following could represent an epigenetic modification in a cell? A. Deletion of chromosome 18 B. Acetylation of histone H3 C. Deletion of a 20-nucleotide segment of chromosome 3 D. Conversion of an A to a T within a gene E. Duplication of chromosome 13Which of the following is true about epigenetic modifications? -Epigenetic modifications always repress transcription -Epigenetic modifications are irreversible -Epigenetic modifications only occur on the tails of histone proteins -Epigenetic modifications influence the relationship between DNA and histone proteins
- Which of the following types of epigenetic changes may promote cancer?a. DNA methylationb. Covalent modification of histonesc. Chromatin remodelingd. All of the aboveWhich of the following is not a major mechanism of epigenetic change? a. DNA methylation b. Alteration of a DNA base sequence in a promoter c. Histone acetylation d. Action of RNA moleculesChoose the correct statements about epigenetic regulation in eukarya Group of answer choices Acetylation of histones increases transcription Methylation of DNA decreases transcription X-inativation in female mammals is accomplished through massive acetylation of the X chromosome Methyl tags on DNA are permanent and cannot be changed.
- Epigenesis relating to genetics refers to which of the following A. Genetic information is limited to what we inherit only from our biological parents. B. Genes are not influenced by environmental factors. C. Genes we inherit are fully expressed at birth. D. Genes are turned on or off as needed, by the developing body or environmental triggers, across the life-spanThe underlying cause(s) of epigenetic changes associated withcancer may bea. mutations in genes that encode chromatin-modifyingproteins.b. environmental agents that alter the function of chromatinmodifyingproteins.c. mutations in genes that encode proteins that directly acceleratecell growth.d. all of the above.e. both a and b.Epigenetic control of gene expressiona. is hereditary. c. adds methyl groups to cytosine.b. locks genes “ON.” d. Two of these