Which of the following statements are descriptions of metal ion catalysis orexamples of metal ion catalysis? Choose all correct answersa Zn²+ cofactor may properly orient the substrate in the active site throughionic interactions.a covalent bond forms between enzyme and substratelowers the energy or stabilizes the transition state or intermediatecatalyst retains its original form after reaction occurscatalysts may participate in oxidation-reduction reactions by changes in theoxidation state Which of the following are true of the citric acid (TCA) cycle? (choose all corrDecarboxylation reactions are part of the citric acid cycle.Reduced coenzymes NADH and FADH2 are produced as productsacid cycle.This is an aerobic pathway.The major products of the citric acid cycle are NAD+, FAD and ATPThe pathway occurs in the cytosol of eukaryotic cells.The pathway occurs in the mitochondrial matrix of eukaryotic cells.

Enzymes are protein molecules that increase the rate of reaction by decreasing the activation…

Which of the following statements are descriptions of metal ion catalysis or examples of metal ion catalysis? Choose all correct answers a Zn²+ cofactor may properly orient the substrate in the active site through ionic interactions. a covalent bond forms between enzyme and substrate lowers the energy or stabilizes the transition state or intermediate

Which of the following statements are descriptions of metal ion catalysis or examples of metal ion catalysis? Choose all correct answers a Zn²+ cofactor may properly orient the substrate in the active site through ionic interactions. a covalent bond forms between enzyme and substrate lowers the energy or stabilizes the transition state or intermediate

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter2: Cell Physiology

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 10RE: Using the answer code on the right, indicate which form of energy production is being described: 1....

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Using the answer code on the right, indicate which form of energy production is being described: 1. takes place in the mitochondrial matrix 2. produces H2O as a by-product 3. results in a rich yield of ATP 4. takes place in the cytosol 5. processes acetyl-CoA 6. takes place in the mitochondrial innermembrane cristae 7. converts glucose into two pyruvate molecules 8. uses molecular oxygen 9. accomplished by the electron transport system and ATP synthase (a) glycolysis (b) citric acid cycle (c) oxidative phosphorylation
The citric acid cycle is frequently described as the major pathway of aerobic catabolism, which means that it is an oxygen-dependent degradative process. However, none of the reactions of the cycle directly involve oxygen as a reactant. Why is the pathway oxygen dependent?
Which of the following reactions DOES NOT take place during the citric acid cycle? The energy investment phase, whereby two phosphates are added to glucose to make Fructose-1,6-biphosphate. The hydrolysis of fumarate to make malate. FAD retrieves hydrogen ions and electrons from succinate to form FADH2 and fumarate. Carbon dioxide is released when alpha-ketoglutarate is transformed to Succinyl CoA.
Which of the following is the third step of Citric Acid Cycle? Select one: a. Succinyl-CoA becomes Succinate and forms one ATP molecule and Coenzyme A-SH b. Pyruvate is decarboxylated to become acetyl-CoA producing NADH and Carbon dioxide c. Isocitrate and then decarboxylated and oxidized to produce alpha-ketoglutarate, Carbon dioxide and NADH d. alpha-ketoglutarate is oxidized and decarboxylated to produce Succinyl-CoA, Carbon dioxide and NADH e. Succinate is oxidized to become fumarate forming FADH2 f. Oxaloacetate combines with the acetyl from acetyl-CoA to produce Citric acid(citrate) g. Citrate is rearranged to become Isocitrate h. Malate is oxidized to become oxaloacetate forming NADH i. Fumarate is combined with water to become Malate
Which of the following is the second step of Citric Acid Cycle? Select one: a. Isocitrate and then decarboxylated and oxidized to produce alpha-ketoglutarate, Carbon dioxide and NADH b. Succinyl-CoA becomes Succinate and forms one ATP molecule and Coenzyme A-SH c. alpha-ketoglutarate is oxidized and decarboxylated to produce Succinyl-CoA, Carbon dioxide and NADH d. Malate is oxidized to become oxaloacetate forming NADH e. Fumarate is combined with water to become Malate f. Citrate is rearranged to become Isocitrate g. Pyruvate is decarboxylated to become acetyl-CoA producing NADH and Carbon dioxide h. Oxaloacetate combines with the acetyl from acetyl-CoA to produce Citric acid(citrate) i. Succinate is oxidized to become fumarate forming FADH2
The completion of one cycle of the citric acid cycle oxidizing one acetyl CoA results in net... Group of answer choices 2 ATP produced consumption of 1 molecule of citrate consumption of 1 molecule of oxaloacetate production of 2 CO2 Which of the following is not a component of the citric acid cycle? Group of answer choices Oxaloacetate Succinyl CoA Malate Pyruvate Which of the following enzymes catalyzes an anaplerotic reaction? Group of answer choices citrate synthase pyruvate dehydrogenase complex malate dehydrogenase pyruvate carboxylase
The citric acid cycle consumes oxygen Group of answer choices True False Oxidative phosphorylation converts the phosphoryl-transfer potential of ATP into the electron transfer potential of NADH and FADH2 Group of answer choices True False Carbohydrate metabolism is the source of all acetyl CoA that enters the citric acid cycle Group of answer choices True False
Which of the following statements is true about the citric acid cycle a. The Citric Acid Cycle is an 8-step cycle that produces the most electron carrier molecules throughout the process of cellular respiration. b. In Citric Acid Cycle, both the acetyl group and coenzyme A of Acetyl CoA are combined to oxaloacetate. c. In Citric Acid Cycle, glucose is only partially broken down and there are still remnants of glucose after this process. d. The ATP produced during this process is via oxidative phosphorylation
Which of the following is the sixth step of Citric Acid Cycle? Select one: a. Succinate is oxidized to become fumarate forming FADH2 b. alpha-ketoglutarate is oxidized and decarboxylated to produce Succinyl-CoA, Carbon dioxide and NADH c. Isocitrate and then decarboxylated and oxidized to produce alpha-ketoglutarate, Carbon dioxide and NADH d. Oxaloacetate combines with the acetyl from acetyl-CoA to produce Citric acid(citrate) e. Malate is oxidized to become oxaloacetate forming NADH f. Fumarate is combined with water to become Malate g. Citrate is rearranged to become Isocitrate h. Pyruvate is decarboxylated to become acetyl-CoA producing NADH and Carbon dioxide i. Succinyl-CoA becomes Succinate and forms one ATP molecule and Coenzyme A-SH
Cellular respiration is a metabolic process that breaks down glucose to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Oxygen is an essential molecule to efficiently divert the glucose into an energy-rich molecules needed to sustain activities of the cell. Hence, carbon dioxide and water are the end-products of cellular respiration. The overall process can be refined into three main metabolic stages namely (1) glycolysis, (2) tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle), and (3) oxidative phosphorylation. In plant cells, the enzymes that catalyze the individual steps involved in respiration and energy conservation are located in highly organized compartment called mitochondrion. In this laboratory activity, you will use the germinated mung beans (Vigna radiata) to demonstrate what happens to the stored sugar in the seed upon its utilization during cellular respiration. At the end of the experiment, you are expected to identify what are the different factors that affect cellular respiration.
Of eight enzymes in the CAC, why is the succinate dehydrogenase complex unique? Because it is a component of the electron transport chain Because it catalyzes an oxidative reaction Because it is an integral membrane protein All of the above Only A and C
The citric acid cycle is a critical sequence of reactions for energy production, which take place in the matrix of the mitochondria. The reaction cycle requires materials from the cytosol to be converted into acetyl CoA, which represents the starting point of a new cycle. Which of the following statements about acetyl CoA is true? (a) Acetyl CoA is recycled at the end of every cycle. (b) Oxaloacetate is attached to acetyl CoA to feed the citric acid cycle. (c) Triacylglycerol molecules are transported into the mitochondrial matrix and cleaved by lipases to produce acetyl CoA. (d) Oxaloacetate is converted directly into acetyl CoA to feed the citric acid cycle