Why do we use FEV1/FVC which is a measure of exhalation rate in pulmonary function testing instead of rate of inhalation?

Q: Match the following terms with their best description reduction of a microbial population to public…

A: These are the terms which are associated with microbes for their control of their growth. We have to…

Q: Prothoracic glands hormones Insects 5 True - False Secrete juvenile which stimulates moulting in

A: According to the question, answer is False. Because prothoracic glands do not secretes the juvenile…

Q: Specify the value then add the unit of measurement. 100 beats/min A. The specified hypothetical SV…

A: Cardiac output (CO) is defined as volume of blood pumped out by left ventricle per minute. Note CO =…

Q: The therapeutic index of an anti-cancer drug is reflective of which of the following(select all that…

A: Introduction The therapeutic index (additionally alluded to as therapeutic ratio) is a quantitative…

Q: macronutrients   O  Fe  P  C  N

A: There are two basic types of nutrients to think about: macronutrients and micronutrients. The body…

Q: All individuals of the same species living in a defined place at the same time make up a ______.

A: In order to study any ecological community, the genetics of the population must be studied. The gene…

Q: Background: Define biodiversity, its ecological importance of the Squirrel that has been researched…

A: Biodiversity  can be defined as all the living habitat around us.The variety of species in a…

Q: Which of the following elements is necessary for an epigenetic effect to take place? Inheritance of…

A: What is the epigenetic effect? Epigenetics deals with the study of phenotypes that environment can…

Q: Change LED light bulbs to incandescent light bulbs Increasing the MPG of our vehicles Increasing…

A: Climate change happens when there is long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns.  Global…

Q: a. Label the following bones in the diagram: carpals, humerus, metacarpals, phalanges, radius, ulna…

A: The bones of the hand can be grouped into three categories: 1) Carpal Bones  2) Metacarpals 3)…

Q: Deletion of a cellular proto-oncogene is likely to be associated with cancer.

A: True

Q: Consider the data that are summarised in the figure i. The data in part (a) are consistent with the…

A: As we can see in figure (a), in both males and females, alarm calling evolved in according to kin…

Q: (a) Relative fitness 1.50 1.25- 1.00- 0.75- BO NO 0.50- 31 32 generations generations, Net fitness…

A: i. males competed intensely for females, which resulted in selection for traits like 'high…

Q: What are the cell parts a bacterium might have which may be needed for infection of the host? Cite…

A: Bacteria:  Bacteria are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms that frequently only have one…

Q: Wood Frog Bullfrog Green frog Mink frog Leopard Frog American toad Fowler's toad Spring peeper Gray…

A: A phylogenetic tree is a diagram that presents the evolutionary relationship between the organisms.…

Q: LO 66- Identify how molecular processes (replication, transcription, translation, gene expression,…

A: Properties of COVID-19 -  Covid19 is caused by the coronavirus. coronavirus is a positive-stranded…

Q: A rare genetic disorder called receptor deficit rickets results in the absence of a working receptor…

A: Introduction Vitamin D is a fat soluble vitamin. It very essential for our body. It helps in bone…

Q: Honey bees are visiting two food sites, A and B, at 6 AM in the morning, as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig.…

A: In addition to providing food for their colonies, forager honey bees also serve as sensory inputs…

Q: Which types of cells rely primarily on glycolysis?

A: Introduction Glycolysis refers to the central pathway involved in glucose catabolism. It…

Q: have generated 5 different cancer cell lines in your laboratory. In cancer cell line A there is a…

A: Proto-oncogenes stimulate cell growth and division. On the other hand, tumor suppressor genes are in…

Q: Which molecular processes are involved in Covid tests that use PCR? Gene expression Transcription…

A: PCR for Covid-19 is used to detect RNA of SARS-CoV 2, a virus that cause Covid-19. As this virus is…

Q: For each body system, summarize three microbial diseases. Those three diseases should include one…

A: A pathogen is a type of microorganism that has the capacity to cause disease. A disease is caused by…

Q: Annie is investigating the permeability of the dializing membrane with pore size of 24 Angstrom (A).…

A: Pore size of dializing membrane=24 A Glucose molecule size= 36.5 A Benedict's Test: If glucose…

Q: Two parents are healthy carriers of the mutations that cause sickle-cell disease and cystic…

A: Mutations in the gene that codes for the "cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR)…

Q: The difference between PCR and real-time PCR is that real-time PCR: can determine the DNA sequence,…

A: The correct answer is option C. can measure the amount of DNA amplified as the reaction proceeds,…

Q: Which technologies below seem to be using CRISPR-Cas as a basis? Modification of RNA vaccines by…

A: Introduction:- CRISPR-Cas is one of the present day evolving technologies which is used in genome…

Q: 3. Briefly explain how the innate and adaptive (cellular and humoral) immune systems work to provide…

A: Innate and adaptive (cellular and humoral) immune systems. Innate immunity The early responses of…

Q: Write at least 2-3 features of each step of respiration metabolism

A: Cellular respiration is the collective name for metabolic processes that help cells produce ATP…

Q: The term taphonomy refers to ____. a. the classification of organisms in relation to each other b.…

A: tatophonomy is the study of the processes such as burial, decay, and preservation that affect animal…

Q: Describe how Sanger sequencing works. Make sure to mention dNTPs, ddNTPS, template strand, primers:

A: It is also known as "Chain termination method" or "dideoxy method", used for determining the…

Q: Which of the following statements is TRUE?   Synthesis of the lagging strand requires more DNA…

A: DNA replication is a process in which it is done to copy the cell DNA. * This process is…

Q: which of the following compounds can serve as a precursor for gluconeogenesis. A) acetate…

A: Gluconeogenesis :- It is the process of synthesis of glucose molecule from non carbohydrate…

Q: Describe the given Balantidium coli cyst and Balantidium coli trophozoite under a microscope…

A: Balantidium coli is a single-celled parasite that causes the intestinal infection balantidiasis.…

Q: LO85 Identify whether a neuronal network is excited or inhibited based on the individual action of…

A: Changes in the neuron's electrical and chemical properties result upon stimulation. The surface of…

Q: Describe the given Giardia lamblia cyst and Giardia lamblia trophozoite under a microscope provided…

A: Giardia lamblia is a microscopic parasite that is a common cause of gastrointestinal illness in…

Q: 1. Purine synthesis begins with the synthesis of IMP. Beginning with IMP, write the step(s) involved…

A: Purines provide the essential components for DNA and RNA. They act as building blocks for nucleic…

Q: Put the following events concerning homologous recombination (the mechanism by which crossing over…

A: Genetic information is shared between two identical or comparable double-stranded or single-stranded…

Q: When a structural gene is under positive inducible control, what would be the result of a mutation…

A: An operon is a set of genes whose  functions are related to each other and are clustered together…

Q: Applying your knowledge of genetics, natural selection and evolution, how is the positive response…

A: The most effective response to global climate change is to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases, the…

Q: Describe the types of compensatory regulatory responses

A: Compensatory regulatory responses are physiological and behavioural responses that the body makes to…

Q: Describe the ATP cycle, how is ATP used and regenerated in a cell? Fully explain how ATP is…

A: The molecule known as ATP is a little one that is also rather straightforward. Similar to how money…

Q: why without helper t cells, we would not have a functional immune response?

A: The immune system of the body is the system which protects the body against harmful pathogens and…

Q: O the climate is changing in more ways than just warming. evidence is limited that the Earth is…

A: Climate change is a problem all over the globe that arises due to global warming. The climate is…

Q: you did not provided the whole worksheet

A: Asexual reproduction involves only a single parent while sexual reproduction involves two parents as…

Q: What different purposes are bean beetles used for?

A: Bean beetles are agricultural pest insects from the tropics and subtropics. Bean beetles are a…

Q: LO 78- Explain how organismal phenotypes can be influenced by more than one gene. Select the…

A: Genotype can be expressed simply in terms of phenotype. However, it might be influenced by one or…

Q: If a male cat with orange fur produces female offspring with calico fur, what color was the mother…

A: Let the genotypes of male and female cats be as follows- XBXB- black fur female XRXR- Orange fur…

Q: : Yeast cells adapt to cold environments by__ and the length of the phospholipid tails the number of…

A: Introduction Saturated fatty acids do not have double bonds. But unsaturated fatty acids have one or…