Why does neuronal function require the voltage-gated K+ channels to open more slowly than the voltage-gated Na+ channels and how would you expect the voltage-gated K+ channels to affect the shape of an action potential curve?

Why does neuronal function require the voltage-gated K+ channels to open more slowly than the voltage-gated Na+ channels and how would you expect the voltage-gated K+ channels to affect the shape of an action potential curve?

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter4: Principles Of Neural And Hormonal Communication

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RE: Conformational changes in channel proteins brought about by voltage changes are responsible for...

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Why does neuronal function require the voltage-gated K+ channels to open more
slowly than the voltage-gated Na+ channels and how would you expect the voltage-gated K+ channels to affect the shape of an action potential curve?

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Conformational changes in channel proteins brought about by voltage changes are responsible for opening and closing Na+ and K+ gates during the generation of an action potential. (True or false?)
When action potentials arrive at a synapse between a neuron and another cell, they stimulate the release of molecules of a ________ that diffuse over to that cell.
Figure 35.11 Potassium channel blockers, such as amiodarone and procainamide, which are used to treat abnormal electrical activity in the heart, called cardiac dysrhythmia, impede the movement of K+ through voltage-gated K+ channels. Which part of the action potential would you expect potassium channels to affect?
What are THREE major functional characteristics of the voltage-gate Na+-channels and how do these characteristics contribute to the generation of action potential?
Neurons, particularly those in the brain, receive multiple excitatory and inhibitory signals. What is the name of the extension of the neuron at which such signals are received? How does the neuron integrate these signals to determine whether or not to generate an action potential?
Dendrotoxins, produced by the mamba snakes (Dendroaspis), are inhibitors of the voltage-gated K+ channels. What phase of the action potential would this toxin affect? How would it affect ion permeability during this phase? How would ion movement be affected?
In an experiment, the extracellular [Na+] surrounding a nerve cell was reduced from 145 to 45 mM. Which of the following is the most likely effect of this on action potentials? No action potentials would occur because the concentration of extracellular Na+ is too low. The membrane potential would become more negative so the threshold for action potential generation could not be reached. The nerve cell would still produce an action potential but its amplitude would be reduced and the depolarisation phase would be slower. The nerve cell would still produce an action potential but its amplitude would be reduced and the depolarization phase would be more rapid.
Which of the following combinations of spatial summation of postsynaptic potentials (PSP) would result in an action potential in a typical neuron? The voltage given for each PSP is measured as it reaches the axon hillock. Axon A EPSP 25 mV & axon B IPSP 10 mV Axon A IPSP 25 mV & axon B EPSP 10 mV Axon A IPSP 5 mV & axon B IPSP 5 mV Axon A EPSP 5 mV & axon B EPSP 5 mV
How much of a change in the membrane potential is necessary for the summation of postsynaptic potentials to result in an action potential being generated?
The extracellular sodium [Na+]0 is reduced in the saline bath. Following another current injection in a neuron, the membrane potential changes were recorded. a) Why has the membrane potential changed following the Na+ reduction? b) Why has the current injection produced no action potentials? c) How might you experimentally rescue action potential generation?
We know the action potential threshold regulates whether a neuron fires an action potential or not. What sets this threshold? Is the action potential threshold the same for all neurons? Why or why not?
Why is that if A, B, and D neurons were all activated, an action potential in neuron C would not occur. But if A and D were activated, an action potential in C would occur?