Chapter 12, Problem 64A

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The Lewis structure of given molecule is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Lewis structure is a representation of a molecule which shows shared and unshared pair of electrons. It is helpful to determine the shape of a molecule.

Answer to Problem 64A

Structure of $C{O}_2$is:

  

Structure of $O{F}_2$is:

  

Explanation of Solution

In $C{O}_2$ , central atom carbon is bonded to two oxygen atoms by double bonds.

In $O{F}_2$ , central atom oxygen is bonded to two fluorine by single bonds.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The molecular geometry of given molecules is to be written.

Concept introduction:

Structure of molecule can be drawn using VSEPR theory. The total number of bonding and non-bonding pairs of electrons tells about the geometry of the molecule.

Answer to Problem 64A

Geometry of $C{O}_2$ : linear

Geometry of $O{F}_2$: Tetrahedral

Explanation of Solution

In $C{O}_2$ , central atom carbon is bonded to two oxygen atoms by double bonds. There are two pairs of valence electrons around central atom. Therefore, geometry is linear.

In $O{F}_2$ , central atom oxygen is bonded to two fluorine by single bonds. There are four pairs of valence electrons around the central atom. Therefore, geometry is tetrahedral

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The molecular geometry of given molecules is to be written.

Concept introduction:

Structure of molecule can be drawn using VSEPR theory. The total number of bonding and non-bonding pairs of electrons tells about the geometry and molecular structure of the molecule.

Answer to Problem 64A

Structure (shape) of $C{O}_2$ : linear

Structure (shape) of $O{F}_2$: Bent

Explanation of Solution

In $C{O}_2$ , central atom carbon is bonded to two oxygen atoms by double bonds. There are two bonding pairs of valence electrons around central atom. Therefore, shape is linear.

In $O{F}_2$ , central atom oxygen is bonded to two fluorine by single bonds. There are four pairs of valence electrons around the central atom in which two are bonding and two are non-bonding. Therefore, geometry is tetrahedral and the shape is bent

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The shape of given molecules is to be compared.

Concept introduction:

Two molecules having same general formula can sometimes have same shapes and sometimes have different shapes. It depends on type of pair of valence electrons around the central atom.

Answer to Problem 64A

  $C{O}_2$ and $O{F}_2$ have different shape because both have different number of valence electrons around the central atom.

Explanation of Solution

In $C{O}_2$ , central atom carbon is bonded to two oxygen atoms by double bonds. There are two bonding pairs of valence electrons around central atom. Therefore, shape is linear.

In $O{F}_2$ , central atom oxygen is bonded to two fluorine by single bonds. There are four pairs of valence electrons around the central atom in which two are bonding and two are non-bonding. Therefore, geometry is tetrahedral and the shape is bent