Chapter U5.3, Problem 1TAI

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Temperature differences in heat transfer needs to be explained.

Concept Introduction: Thermodynamics is the study of systems in the form of heat and work which involve energy. For fluids, heat is mostly transferred by convection, in which the fluids own motion transfers heat from one position to another. Another way of transmitting heat is through conduction, which does not require any movement of a material, but rather a transfer of energy within a material (or between in contact substances). The third way to heat transfers is radiation, which involves absorbing or giving off electromagnetic waves.

Answer to Problem 1TAI

There are three simple ways to transfer heat. They are- convection, conduction and radiation. These three processes explain heat transfer from one object to another.

Explanation of Solution

The hot or cold sense experience depends on the direction of the heat transfer. When your hand is at a temperature higher than what you touch, then the surface will feel cold. When your hand is at a temperature below, the object should feel cold. Heat is often transferred to, or around, a colder surface. Heat transfer is related to phase changes. An ice cube melts because heat is transferred into it from the surroundings. If objects stay in contact, heat is transferred until objects are at the same temperature. This balanced condition is known as thermal equilibrium.

Conclusion

First law of thermodynamics explains that energy neither be created nor destroyed it can change from one form to other. That means whenever energy in one form disappears, an equal amount of energy in some other form must appear. The second law states that energy tends to disperse, or spread out.