Lab 3 Dehydration of Cyclohexanol

Phineas and Ferbs, two brothers who enjoy vacations, doing fun things every summer. This summer the brothers and their friends carry out an organic synthesis with an unknown compound (L1) that contains 52% Carbon, 6% Hydrogen and 42% bromine, this compound (L1) is treated with magnesium in ether to obtain L2 , which reacts violently with D2O for 1-methyl cyclohexene with a deuterium atom in the methyl group (L3). The L2 reaction is treated with acetone followed by hydrolysis to give L4. Heating L4 with concentrated sulfuric acid gives L5, which decolors the bromine, obtaining L6. L5 undergoes hydrogenation with excess hydrogen and platinum as a catalyst giving rise to isobutyl cyclohexane. Determine the structures of compounds L1 through L6.

The addition of an alcohol to an acid chloride is an example of alcoholysis (alcohol addition with bond breakage). Consider the alcoholysis reaction below and answer the questions that follow. 1. Show the tetrahedral intermediate that is formed after the nucleophilic addition of the alcohol to the acid chloride. Be sure to include all lone pair electrons and formal charges on your intermediate structure. 2. Show the final product of this alcoholysis reaction that forms after the intermediate you made in Part 1. Do not include inorganic or charged products in your answer. Be sure to include all lone pair electrons and formal charges.

Please help me with these questions 1) Types of reactions for alcohols in organic chemistry are dehydration, oxidation, esterfication, and substitution (yes or no) 2) what are the special rules or laws to predict predominant products for both alcohols and ether in organic chemistry (Make a chart) 3) is oxidation, cleavage, Williamson ether synthesis, and acid catalyze dehydration all reactions types for ethers (yes or no)

Molecule Type Boiling point (°C)  CH3CH2CH3  Alkane  -42 CH3CHO  Aldehyde +21 CH3CH2OH   Alcohol  +78 i. Why is the boiling point of the aldehyde greater than that of the alkane?ii. Why is the boiling point of alcohol the highest?iii. Explain why the solubility of aldehydes and alcohols falls as the molecules get bigger.

Diethyl ether and butan-1-ol are isomers, and they have similar solubilities in water. Their boiling points are very different, however. Explain why these two compounds have similar solubility properties but dramatically different boiling points.                              CH3CH2¬O¬CH2CH3 CH3CH2CH2CH2¬OH                            diethyl ether, bp 35 °C butan-1-ol, bp 118 °C              8.4 mL dissolves in 100 mL H2O 9.1 mL dissolves in 100 mL H2O

Draw eugenol as a line structure. The double bonds of the benzene ring are fairly unreactive unless you use special catalysts. But the double bond on the side group is reactive. Draw the mechanism of eugenol reacting with HBr to form the two possible carbocation intermediates. Put your intermediates into square brackets. Label each carbocation as a methyl carbon or 1°, 2°, or 3°. Then circle a more stable carbocation if one is more stable. Can you guess what the final product is?

TRUE OR FALSE 1. In the Lucas test, the carbocation of n-propyl alcohol is more stable than the carbocation of isopropyl alcohol. 2 The turbidity in the Lucas test is attributed to the resulting alkyl halide. 3. Similar to iodine, the color of lodoform is generally purple or purple-pink. 4. A ketomethyl group tests positive for the iodoform test via an addition reaction to C-H bonds in the methyl group. 5. Allen's test, also known as the silver mirror test, distinguishes aldehyde from ketone samples.

1. a) Write an equation (showing all reaction conditions) for the preparation of ethylene (C2H4) from the dehydration of ethanol.   2.) The reaction above (1.a) can also produce ether under certain conditions. Write an equation to show this reaction as well.

Modified True or False. Write correct if the statement is True and if false write the word/s that make it false and beside it write the word/s that will make the statement true.  4. Lone pair delocalization decreases the positivity of carbonyl carbon.5. The longer the carbon chain, the higher the boiling point.6. sp3 is 75% p character and this allows C-H hyper conjugation.7. The higher the electronegativity, the higher the temperature needed to break bonds.8. Steric effect increases the boiling point.9. Stearic effect increases the Van der Waals forces.10. Lone pair delocalization decreases the positivity of carbonyl carbon.11. Amines are considered basic.12. The stronger the Van der Waals forces between molecules of the same substance, themore soluble the substance is in water.13. The longer the carbon chain, the lower the solubility of the substance in water.14. Alkanes with less than 6 carbon atoms are gases.15. Stearic effects enhances the solubility in water.16. H-bond can exist…

1. Write the skeletal structures of propanal, acetone and cyclohexanone. What is the major intermolecular force (IMF) found in them? Based on their major intermolecular force and molecular weight, what can you predict on their solubility in water?  Chemical Name Skeletal Structures Major IMF Solubility in water  Propanal         Acetone          Cyclohexanone            2. What is the purpose of Tollens’ test (Part B)? What is the evidence of a positive result? 3. What is the purpose of oxidation test (Part C)? What is the evidence of a positive result?

I have this task in organic chemistry (book: Brown's introduction to organic chemisty, global edition). Task 10:42.  In (a) I have to tell what the funcion of K2CO3 is in step 1. Is it that CO32- take the hydrogen atom in 1-napthol? Will it then be a SN2 mechanism? In (b) I have to name the amine used in step 2 to form Propanolol. But I can't really find out how to come up with an amine that will make that reaction. Here are two pictures of the task:

which would be expected to convert 1 mole of 4-methyl-1-pentyne into 2-methylpentane? Na, NH3(l) 2 moles H2, Pt 1 mole H2, Pt 2 moles of HCl H2, Lindlar’s catalyst

Industiral Chemistry Both Tetraethyl lead and methyl-t-butyl ether have been removed from or in the process of being removed from the gasoline additive industry. Explain why each of these compounds were used so highly, and why each is considered dangerous.

A lab technician planned to synthesize 2-bromopentane using 2-pentanol, heat, and HBr. However, the labtechnician did not have HBr in the lab. What other reagent(s) can the technician use to synthesize 2-bromopentane using 2-pentanol as the starting material?

With the molecular formula C4H8O , I ask you to draw 3 molecules: an aldehyde, a ketone and an enol.For each molecule, you must: a)  Complete detailed Lewis structure;b)  Make the 3D structure respecting the connection angles;c) Determine which intermolecular interactions are present if you glue 2 twin molecules together (2 aldehydes together, 2 ketones together, 2 enols together, therefore 3 situations to analyze).

1. Using Br2 in C2H4Br2 will result in HBr and ______. a. C2H3Cl3 b. C2H4Cl3 c. C2H2Cl3 d. none of the above   2. How many halogenation are posible in propane? a. 3 b. 8 c. 6 d. 10   3.Sulfonation of pentane will result in ________ and water. a. C5H11SO3H b. C5H12SO3H c. C5H14SO3H d. none of the above   4.Nitration of hexane will result in ________ and water. a. C6H13SO3H b. C6H15NO2 c. C6H13NO2 d. C6H14NO2   5.How many moles of O2 in heating a C12H26 (dodecane) a. 27 b. 37 c. 24 d. none of the above

Ethanol, C2H5OH, and propane, C3H8, have approximately the same molar mass, yet ethanol has a much higher boiling point. Briefly explain why. Ethanol, C2H5OH, and dimethyl ether, CH3OCH3, have the same molar mass, yet ethanol has a much higher boiling point. Briefly explain why. Write an equation to show the reaction between ethanol, C2H5OH and methyllithium, CH3Li. Draw all non-bonding electrons and show electron flow with curved arrows. 37. Write an equation that shows the reaction between acetic acid (CH3COOH) and triethylamine (CH3CH2)3N. Draw all non-bonding lone electron pairs and show the electron flow with curved arrows.

Show a possible stepwise synthesis of 2, 3–dichloropentane starting with ethanol and propanol as the only sources of carbon atoms and any other inorganic reagents, solvents and laboratory equipment. Name the type of reaction that is occurring in each step of the synthesis.

THE ZnCl2 / HCl TEST DETERMINES THE REACTIVITY OF ALCOHOLS. ORDER IN ORDER FROM GREATEST TO LOWEST REACTIVITY METHANOL-TERBUTANOL-2PROPANOL TERBUTANOL-METHANOL-METHANOL   METHANOL-2 PROPANOL-TERBUTANOL

Desribe the reaction product.

We have covered several oxidants that use a multi-valent atom (Cr, Cl, S, or I) as their active species, going from a higher oxidation state before the oxidation to a lower oxidation state after oxidizing the alcohol. Draw the structure of the following atoms, before and after the oxidation of an alcohol to a ketone or aldehyde. How many bonds to oxygen does each atom have before and after the oxidation? (a) the I in the DMP reagent (b) the carbinol C in the alcohol that is oxidized

H8. please provide real life applications for following chemical reaction. as well please provide a few example about how to use this reaction in day-to-day life. Reaction: 2-chloro-2-methylpropane + H2O → 2-methylpropan-2-ol + HCl

C6H5CO2CH2C6H5 can be synthesized by an SN2 reaction. Draw the structures of the alkyl chloride and nucleophile that will give this compound in highest yield. Use the wedge/hash bond tools to indicate stereochemistry where it exists. Include all valence lone pairs in your answer. Separate multiple reactants using the + sign from the drop-down menu. When a metal counterion is needed, use Na+, but draw it in its own sketcher.

Q.10. To 0.5 mL of an unknown alcohol, 5 mL of distilled water and 1 mL of 6M NaOH was mixed in a flask. Iodide reagent solution was then added drop wise up to a total of 25 drops. After about 15 minutes, a bright yellow solid was produced in the flask. The unknown alcohol is    options:   A)  Primary alcohol   B)  Secondary alcohol having 3 hydrogens on  α carbon   C)  Tertiary alcohol   D)  Secondary alcohol having no hydrogen on  α carbon

Rearrangements can occur during the dehydration of 1° alcohols even though no 1° carbocation is formed—that is, a 1,2-shift occurs as the C— OH2+ bond is broken, forming a more stable 2° or 3° carbocation, as shown in Equation [1]. Using this information, draw a stepwise mechanism for the reaction shown in Equation [2]. We will see another example of this type of rearrangement in Section 16.5C.

Please do the following. Step by step.  A. 1-butyne + HCl B. 1-butyne + Cl2