Our project topic was centered on Social Control, as discussed in Chapter 8 of the Kottak textbook. Social Control is defined as “maintaining social norms and regulating conflict” (Kottak 2013; 165). More specifically, we decided to focus on the phenomenon of “slut-shaming.” According the Oxford Dictionary Online for American English, “slut-shaming,” is defined as the “action of stigmatizing a woman for engaging in behavior judged to be promiscuous or sexually provocative.” Although Oxford singularizes women in this phenomenon, the practice of slut-shaming is inclusive to both genders. It is the stressed implication that women are more targeted that begged us to question: are women more likely to follow societal regulation in regards to their sexual acts than men? In other words, are women more likely to follow the social norms of the culture regarding their sexual activities than men? Shame and gossip are informal forms of social control that are usually practiced in small communities, which further correlates with the idea that women will follow the informal regulations put into place in order to avoid these consequences. With such ideologies in mind, we hypothesized that in American culture, men are less likely to be confined to sexually-charged social constraints than women. We selected slut-shaming as our focus because we wished to see how people would respond to the social cues brought on by shame and gossip. According to Margaret Mead and Ruth Benedict (1946), shame
In today’s society, it seems that there has been an increase in the word slut. Girls are depicted as either good girls or prudes that “save themselves till marriage” or bad girls or sluts who are very sexual and promiscuous. They are either labeled as prude or sluts, which are both derogatory terms. We have begun to take away the idea of someone being a victim, and this idea of victim blaming stops. Films have helped embed this within our culture. In horror movies women, are killed for having sex; in comedies, women are called sluts and whores for being too flirty. This has caused society to believe it is okay to call women sluts. Slut shaming in movies turns high schoolers into bullies and college men into perverts. This causes negative effects on all women. This also creates a rape culture that we have been hearing about in the news, dealing with main actors/actresses, movie producers, politicians. Women are not allowed to be sexual human being, so that’s when they are labeled as sluts and men use that idea of them being a slut as their chance to rape a women and victim blame the women for being sexual.
Social control theory and social learning theory are two theories that suggest why deviant behavior is chosen to be acted upon by some individuals and not others. Both take a different stance on the issue. Social control theory suggests people’s behavior is based on their bonds to society, if they have strong bonds to society they conform and if not they have a tendency to act out or become involved in criminal or deviant behavior. Social learning theory suggest that through vicarious learning people learn from observing others and based on what the observe make the choice of whether to copy those actions to obtain desired results or chose not to if
In today’s society, the influence of social media, politics, and the blame of women, ignite a new way of publicly humiliating others. Initially, social media created a way to communicate with others and receive updates through one’s life. As the power of this concept grew, and the more advanced technology created, people started to bully over the internet; called cyberbullying. Many incidents of cyberbullying occur, which grew into the primary way of bullying. Politics represent America, and essentially define the country. As a whole, eliminating public shame pertains to one of the goals of this country, but if representatives start to persuade the society, fundamentally, everyone will accept the thought of public humiliation. Lastly, the stereotypical perception of women is known as blaming another for one’s actions or their appearance. As this stands in people’s minds, many are blind to the fact that women actually receive shame for their bodies, self, and jobs more than men. The law now participates in the action of stopping the shame, but also intervenes with the supervision of prostitution, sex trafficking, and any illegal operations women participate in. With the influences of social media, politics, and the two sides of women in public shaming, this concept brings forth attention to the society itself. It calls for help in the world, to stop this humiliation and shaming of others
Throughout the book, Bogle places particular attention to gender differences. Supporting Bogle’s findings, there is still a double standard for men and women. Participation in the hookup scene is risky for women, while men have few, if any risks. Women who behave too “sexually” in the hookup culture have to recognize that there are repercussions. These repercussions include damaged reputations, being labeled, and being ostracized by peers. Women can get labeled, damage their reputations, or ostracized by having too many partners, hooking up with two guys that know each other well, dressing in a seductive manner, constantly hanging around a fraternity house, or drinking too much.
Human beings are defined as ''social animals'' because in every aspects of life they live together, they form a variety of groups and improve relationships with each other. Interaction with others is a natural result of living in society. In the process of interaction, society and its rules has a social impact on each individual. If people face with any kind of social impact such as group pressure, great part of them show conformity by changing their behaviors, ideas, decisions in expected way. A person conforms if he or she chooses a course of action that a majority favors or that is socially acceptable. Some kind of conformity is natural and socially healthy but obeying all the norms, ideas, and decisions without thinking or accepting
In the book, Slut!—Growing up Female with a Bad Reputation by Leora Tanenbaum, she collects a multitude of testimonies from women who have been subjected to sexual harassment, physical abuse, rape, incest and slut-bashing from all ethnicities and locations around the globe. One astonishing truth approaches you at the beginning of the book. Tanenbaum enters a table that shows the positives and negatives of being a sexually active man and a sexually active woman, unfortunately the truth is absolutely ludicrous. The table states a total of two positives of being a sexually active woman; hot and sexy. On the contrary, it states three negatives for sexually active men, compared to the twenty-eight negatives for sexually active women. This list consists of names from “slut” and “Jezebel” all the way to “prostitute.”
Media influence has caused beauty to evolve into ideals that can’t actually be attained. In addition to this, women are objectified and seen as sex objects, being sexualized by men without consequence due to the normalcy the media has created for genders. In fact, men are even encouraged to sexualize women. During her TEDTalk, Kilbourne presented a photo of an adolescent boy wearing a shirt that stated “pimp squad,” showing how our society is comfortable with men sexualizing women from a very young age. In contrast, women are labeled as sluts or whores without even engaging in sexual activity. I, for example, have been called a slut for wearing leggings, merely talking to a guy, and even wearing shorts— in the summer.
The theory being tested in the article is that women participate in slut shaming as a way for them to distance or separate themselves from other women. The reason they separate themselves is a way for women to categorize other women into different statuses and a way for themselves to maintain their own status. The status classes women are categorized in are linked to the social class they are a part of. Slut shaming among women is not necessarily based on their sexual acts, but of the way they act as a woman. The theory also states that slut shaming is also a result of male dominance and female submission. The slut label was created by men due to a double standard created by society. The double standard is that men are expected to act upon their sexual desires regardless of being in a relationship or having any emotional connection with the person they’re engaging that sexual act with all while women are only allowed to participate in sexual activities if they are in a loving and committed relationship. However, if
Any government with total control is worth being feared and having a group of individuals who go against their government. With complete control, a government is capable of committing acts against their citizens, which can be perceived as “something good” from the government’s point of view. In 1984 by George Orwell, and “Harrison Bergeron”, by Kurt Vonnegut, the main characters, Winston and Harrison, feel oppressed by the government's acts and events, try to overthrow their government, and go through a realization of hopelessness and defeat.
For example, Black girls are considered more deviant because of the amount of liberation they possess. In order for girls to make moral decisions about their sexualities, they need to be taught how to control themselves. Once again, this notion that a girl/woman’s body needs to be policed for the sake of society, as if they are the only ones in the wrongdoing. If a girl is sexually active, especially those with more than one partner, she is viewed as possessing delinquent behavior that needs to be fixed. Therefore, it is no surprise that girls are proportionally more likely to be admitted to training schools or group homes, whereas boys are more likely to receive day treatment (Chesney-Lind and Sheldon 171). Boys are apparently ‘active agents’ of change in their lives, compared to girls who are seen as ‘perpetual victim’ who is pathologized for her ‘badness,’ who lacks agency for change, and who will always experience (and need) external control over her life (Paso 824). This is simply the reflection of the roles played out in larger society where a man can have sex whenever, wherever, and as many times as he wants, because men can control their sexuality; while women are ridiculed for even acknowledging their sexuality. Yet, between 60% and 99% of rapes and sexual assault are perpetrated by men onto women, children, other men, and transgender people (The Order
From television to film, from music to advertising, men are often portrayed as strong willed and powerful, while women are often shown as submissive, powerless, and sexually promiscuous. Particularly in American
Social control theory has become one of the more widely accepted explanations in the field of criminology in its attempt to account for rates in crime and deviant behavior. Unlike theories that seek to explain why people engage in deviant behavior, social control theories approach deviancy from a different direction, questioning why people refrain from violating established norms, rules, and moralities. The theory seeks to explain how the normative systems of rules and obligations in a given society serve to maintain a strong sense of social cohesion, order and conformity to widely accepted and established norms. Central to this theory is a perspective which predicts that deviant behavior is much more likely to emerge when
There have been so many amazing things that I have experienced in my life already. I look forward to each new experience I may have an opportunity to have. Each day is a victory, a challenge, and a success story. Every day is a gift and you should take full advantage of everyday you are given. Unfortunately, we all miss some of the best moments in life by being so concerned about control life.
This construction reinforces control over young women’s sexual expression. Faus highlights how it forces women to partake in this patriarchal culture where women’s bodies are under control
Education is an important structure in society that shapes the most important years of your life, and therefore many theorists have ideas about what is wrong with education, what is right, and what needs to change or develop. Education is confined a lot by social control and social reproduction. Social control is a concept that refers to how social systems control the way we feel, think, behave, and even how we should present ourselves. These can appear openly, shown as rules and laws, or they could be not openly acknowledged and just appear as the “common” thing to do. Social reproduction is the reproduction of inequalities throughout generation-to-generation, one way education does this is how it supplies “wealthy” schools more and “poor” schools less. Michael Apple and Maxine Greene both define Social reproductions and Social Control. Throughout this text, I will explain the theories of Greene and Apple, as well as comparing and contrasting them against one another while applying some of my own experiences of education.