Introduction
• VoC approach does not provide sufficient prototypes.
• South Korea is SME
• Turkey is also SME because it has similar characteristics. State policies are similar.
• However, outcomes of these state policies are quite different (give figures) In the mid-1950 's, Turkey was a much richer country than Korea. With about the same population, Turkish GNP was about three times that of Korea, Turkish exports were fifteen times those of Korea, and the Turkish savings rate was much higher than Korean. By 1980, the situation was dramatically reversed, as Turkish income was 40 percent below Korea 's, Turkish exports were less than one-fourth those of Korea and the Turkish savings rate was about two—thirds of Korea 's. (Krueger)
• There are either economic advantages or economic disadvantages to a military alliance with the United States, both countries had them. And, insofar as proximity to a rapidly growing region of the world affects growth, Turkey and Korea had Europe and Japan, respectively (Krueger).
• Korean industrial production rose forty-five-fold between 1960 and 1984, whereas Turkish industrial production was 6.6 times higher in the same period. (Yilmaz)
• During the period 1963-1990, total factor productivity (TFP) increased at an average rate of 2.4 percent in Korea. In this period, TFP in Turkey increased at an average rate of almost 0.9 percent. (Yilmaz)
• In the absence of big private businesses in Turkey, the state assigned a leading and dominant role
More specifically, import substituting industrialization became the most adopted economic development strategy in Turkey. However, there were some discontinuities between the state led import substituting industrialization in the 1930s and the adopted import substituting industrialization model during the 1960-1980 era. Although the economy policies after 1962 were placed in the planning basis with the development plans, these economic policies carried more different features than that of 1930s in terms of the distribution of the investments, the priorities of the sectors and the content of the industrialization. While the Muslim-Turkish bourgeoisie was weak to lead the economy in the 1930, the state took the responsibility of the industrialization, investing in the various sectors. On the hand other, the import substituting industrialization model during the 1960s and 1970s was led by the private
The alliance system divided Europe into opposing groups, causing each nation to begin to increase spending on its military (Document 1). Militarism increased tensions between the Great Powers of Europe. Germany, France, and Britain felt pressure to increase their military power. France and Germany each wanted
As well as the fact that their trade deficit is 4,899 USD millions, with a reasonable interest rate and inflation of 1.8% economically they are doing quite well when being compared to the U.S. As a matter of fact their inflation rate is not the same but with-in the same range for most years throughout the last 10 years. (Trading Economics, South Korean Balance of Trade, n.d) (Aneki.com, Ranking and Records, United States vs. Korea South) (Inflation.eu, Worldwide Inflation Data, Inflation South Korea 2012, n.d) (Global Rates Com, Fed Federal Funds Rate, American Central Bank’s Interest rate, n.d) (UN Data. A World of Information, Per Capita GDP at Current Prices USD, South Korea) (Index Mundi, Unemployment Rate South Korea, Historical Data Graphs per year) (U.S. Inflation Calculator, Current U.S. Inflation Rate 2003-2013,) (Inflation.eu, World Wide Inflation Data, Historical Inflation south Koreas – CPI Inflation)
Permanent foreign alliances are an issue sometimes because if your country is at peace and your alliance is at war you have to help them fight and then your country gets involved in the war. Washington once said “it is our true policy to steer clear of permanent alliances with any portion of the foreign world” that means if your country is not at war no best
The impact of the Korean War on America’s economy took place between the years 1950 to 1953. World War II had cost the United States much, much more than the Korean War, however this war did not change the structure of growth and financing in America.
An example of this advantage is the U.S. supporting Great Britain with the development of Lend-Lease contracts whereby the U.S. sold Great Britain military equipment to allow them to keep up with their own production needs in 1941. There are disadvantages, however, to coalition operations. It’s clear that even though the allies in coalition operations may agree on the desired outcome, they may not always see eye to eye on how to get there. U.S. and Great Britain had four “titans” in Roosevelt, Marshall, Churchill and Brooke, who were the major players in the Allied military strategy process. The diversity of the varying views, beliefs and experiences was instrumental in shaping their attitudes, actions and overall strategy which caused tension at times. The Prime Minister had a way about rubbing people the wrong way with his personality and “overwhelming self-centeredness.”
An article in The Economist from November 13th 2009 written by Joshua M Brown titled ‘Secret Sauce’ supports my findings of why China’s GDP growth can be explained by their TFP growth. Brown (2009) argues that China’s rapid growth is not just due to heavy investment as is the common claim, but to the fact they have the fastest productivity gains of any country in the world. The United States has achieved small but steady TFP growth which translates into a similar smaller annual GDP growth than that of China. Australia on the other hand has in the past 10 years experienced a slowdown in TFP growth but it has seemed not to have affected total GDP growth too much.
If there would not have been alliances, than most countries would not have gotten involved in the war. Thus, reducing the amount of total damage, casualties, and
Military alliances can have deadly results. Military alliances cause countries to feel threatened and in turn create more alliances until many of the strong countries are on their side. Before World War One, countries were becoming more internationalists with increase in trade caused by the industrial revolution. With the internationalist mindset powerful counties created alliances. Two of the most powerful alliances were The Triple Entente and The Triple Alliance.
Washington didn’t like permanent alliances. He said, “It is our true policy to steer clear of permanent alliances with any portion of the foreign world…” I don't think we should have any permanent alliances because we could be friends with someone who wants to wage war on another one of our friends. We would be in a tough situation because we have good trade with them. In the end we wouldn't have common goods that we need every day.
This has to be taken in the context of the considerable global recession that has been in play since 2008, the results from which North Korea was largely shielded due to its insularity. In general terms, the North Korean economy is still far poorer than most other Asian nations.
South Korea and Japan have had a close relationship from ancient history to the present day. Because of this reason, their economic growth and development have similarities and disparate differences. This paper will discuss some of the two countries’ major characteristics including geographic, social, and political characteristics and look at their histories and economies.
In this essay we look in-depth on how government strategies and economic policy play a crucial role in the success of High Performance Asian Economies (HPAEs) during 1960 to 1990 (World Bank 1993).There are eight countries within HPAEs: South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia and Japan. Its economic development has significantly rise that it was name ‘East Asia Miracle’ (World Bank, 1993).
Private enterprise and business are under the state’s guidance. It does not mean that state replaces private ownerships directly, however, it seeks to intervene and guide private sectors according to national strategies;
At the end of World War II, Korea was a poor former agricultural colony of Japan. But the rapid growth of Korea’s industrial economy has been remarkable. The economy of South Korea is now the third-largest in Asia and the 13th largest in the world by GDP as of 2007. To trace back the economic development of South Korea, the former president Park Chung-Hee played a pivotal role, and was credited for shifting its focus to export-oriented favoring a few large conglomerates. Unlike his predecessors, Park showed a strong commitment to economic development, believing good economic performance as a primary means for enhancing his political legitimacy. Under the President Park Chung-Hee’s era, the government played a dominating role in a