Absolutism
Definition: form of government where a monarch rules a centralized state with unlimited power. They must obey no laws but, the laws of God.
Historical Example: reign of French King Louis XIV, Peter the Great
Anti-Semitism
Definition: hatred or prejudice against anyone of Jewish descent.
Historical Example: The Holocaust, The Third Crusade.
Buddhism
Definition: founded in India, it is based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama. All Buddhists believe in rebirth, the goal of ending suffering, and the teachings of Gautama. Some Buddhists believe in deities and God, while others do not.
Historical Example: Buddha, Dharma Chakra, Monks.
Calvinism
Definition: a form of Christianity founded by John Calvin. Calvinism
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That leader controls the economy and limits personal rights.
Historical Example: Karl Marx, Vladimir Lenin, Soviet Union, China, Vietnam.
Confucianism
Definition: way of life, also viewed as a religion, and philosophy. It was founded by Confucius and later developed by Mencius. They believe in humanism and a code of ethics, Confucianism provided the backbone to most other Chinese religions.
Historical Example: Mandate of Heaven of Confucianism, Confucius, Mencius.
Dadaism
Definition: a type of art movement that developed in the early 20th century. The main point of the art was to display their disgust towards WW1 and the social and political happenings during that time.
Historical Example: Fountain (1917), Chinese Nightingale (1920), Max Ernst, Marcel Duchamp. Daoism (Taoism)
Definition: Chinese philosophy that explains how a person should live their life. It is based on accepting nature’s way, and identifying the need of having rules and order, which in turn will lead you to a better life.
Historical Example: Tao, Chou Dynasty, Yin Yang.
Darwinism
Definition: the theory of evolution (all species through time developed from other species, with natural
They over power everyone else. King James express his idea about absolutism on document 2 describing the idea of Divine power, that kings are given Divine pow-er by god to rule over the people. He feel that government should be organized in this way be-cause god has chosen them to rule the people. Divine power was the theory of kingship, and power. The Divine power of kings, the doctrine that a monarch derives his or her power directly from God.
Confucianism has been a part of Chinese culture for over a thousand years. Many who have studied Confucianism would say that it is not a religion. It is better described as a philosophy or moral code. The philosophy of Confucianism comes mainly from the speeches and writings of Confucius, a great Chinese thinker and educator. He believed that Humanity, Rite, Neutrality, Virtue, Education, and Cultivation were the basis of human behavior. In addition, Confucius felt that this philosophy was the best way for people to behave and interact with others in society.
Confucianism is based upon the teaching of the Chinese philosopher Confucius. This idea focuses on bettering people and the society, educating people to be
During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries absolutism became highly prevalent. Absolutism was a type of national monarchy in which the monarch had great power. Many absolute monarchs kept their countries embroiled in war, which led to a feeling of instability and uncertainty that led to a dependence on one strong central power. Monarchs also justified their immense power by referencing the concept of the Divine Right to Rule, which was the belief that God created the monarchy; the monarch was his representative on Earth and thus was only answerable to God himself. The belief that the monarch was appointed by God, the need for a sense of security during a time of uncertainty, and the efficiency that resulted from an absolute monarchy were all factors that led some to believe that absolute monarchies during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries were
Being the two most prevalent governments during the 17th and 18th century, absolutism and constitutionalism were similar because in both governments the people gave up their sovereignty to a person or group of people, and both governments were made to protect the people; however, they are different because the power distribution between the people and government, the limits on said power, and the right for people to revolt were completely different.
During 1650-1750, a new political system known as absolutism emerged and became popular amongst many countries in central and Eastern Europe. Absolutism is a political system in which a divine-right monarch enjoys absolute power over all affairs of state. Supposedly, the “divine-right monarch” receives his power directly from God, meaning that he is only responsible to God and that no one can question his authority. In the 1600’s, taxes and famine began to rise in many European states, which resulted in dangerous and uncontrolled riots. Many countries began to adopt absolutism as a political system that could be a solution to these issues. As absolutism became a solution to these issues and gained popularity in France, Prussia, and Russia,
Absolutism started in the seventeenth century. The absolute monarchs main goal was to control every aspect of society. Usually the absolute monarchs ruled without any limitations to their authority. The most effective form of government in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries is absolutism because men are selfish, the kings and princes were chosen by god, and the king has certain rights that no other person has.
Confucianism in China had been a way of life, a state ideology as well as a combined philosophical, religious, and social system. Fundamentally, Confucianism focused on
A prince named Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha) founded “Buddhism” in the sixth century before the birth of Christ. Buddhism is better understood as philosophy rather than a religion and follows the concept of the Four Noble Truths and the Eight Fold Noble path.
Buddhism began in the fourth and fifth centuries before Christ by Siddhartha Gautama. The teachings of Buddha, also known as Siddhartha Gautama, are the major beliefs of Buddhism. Buddhism is a belief and religion based on an assortment of customs, principles, and practices. The name Buddha means the awakened one. Buddha’s teachings were of the termination of suffering, attaining nirvana, and absconding from the cycle of suffering and rebirth. Buddhism has spread all across Asia and throughout the world, now with between two hundred thirty million and five hundred million followers. Buddhism is largely based around the belief of Karma. Karma is the “action, seen as bringing upon oneself inevitable results, good or bad, either in this life or in a reincarnation” (Dictionary.com) or “the cosmic principle according to which each person is rewarded or punished in one incarnation according to that person’s deeds in the previous incarnation.” (Dictionary.com) In simpler words, how you live your life now determines how you will come back when your current soul expires. Buddhists live their lives in hopes of achieving to be placed in the highest state known as Heaven. The after-life stems from Karma and leads into Rebirth. Rebirth is a course of action where humans proceed within multiple lifetimes in one or more of the six states of after-life. Each lifetime begins with birth and ends with death. Buddhists believe that we should not fear death because
Absolutism can be linked to many terms, but the most prominent and influential examples of absolutism of the 16th and 17th centuries, were absolute monarchies. An absolute monarchy is when a ruler has complete control and power over their land, with no system or agency, in opposition, to keep them in check. During the 16th and 17th century, absolutism and absolute rulers had a strong hold over Europe. Many kings governing their lands across the continent; all claimed to be wielding the power of god. Also a habit formed where monarchs felt as though they, and they alone ,knew what is best for their subjects. While at the same time when that power is held by just and reasonable men, they become some of the greatest leaders in their
The religion of Confucianism begins, of course, with Confucius whose Chinese name was Kong Qui and who lived from 551 B.C. to 479 B.C. Surprisingly Confucius was merely a low level government worker. He did not exactly view himself as the founder of a school of thought. Regardless, Confucianism is the most influential belief system in Chinese culture. It provides the rules which govern the social behavior of the individual. The basic teachings of Confucius are grounded in the Five Constant Virtues: humanity, righteousness, propriety, wisdom, and faithfulness. Confucius went on to define five basic human relations and
Confucianism was founded by the first Chinese thinker to address both the political and social order of things straightforwardly and self- consciously. Kong Fuzi, or Confucius in English, lived from 551-479 B.C.E., but his teachings did not reach their full potential during the his life of an educator and political advisor born into an aristocratic family. Confucius gathered many disciples to spread his beliefs that were rooted in moral, ethical, and political character. He didn’t address questions about religion because he believed they were above the human moral intelligence capacity, nor those regarding obscure, complicated philosophical questions because they would not help solve the problems of China. Confucius did not really even care about the state, but he did believe
Buddhism originated from India, and was founded by Prince Siddharta Gautama, who later came to be known as Buddha, or the enlightened one. Born of a princely caste, he later renounced his comfortable life in search for nirvana. In order to do that, he joined a band of ascetic, who was a group of Hindu priests.
Absolute monarchy or absolutism meant that the sovereign power or ultimate authority in the state rested in the hands of a king who claimed to rule by divine right. But what did sovereignty mean? Late sixteenth century political theorists believed that sovereign power consisted of the authority to make laws, tax, administer justice, control the state's administrative system, and determine foreign policy. These powers made a ruler sovereign.