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Antisocial Personality Disorder ( Aspd )

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Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD), opposition defiant disorder (ODD), and conduct disorder (CD) are three distinct disorders based upon their respective diagnostic criteria in the DSM-5. If ODD and CD were mild forms of ASPD, then there would need to be causal relationship between the childhood manifestations of ODD and CD and the adult manifestation of ASPD. There is evidence of comorbidity between ODD and CD, and also evidence to suggest that children diagnosed with these disorders may go on to develop ASPD later in life; however, correlation does not equal causation. The three disorders have subtle but important differences in their associated behaviors, underlying causes, treatment outcomes, and neurological signs. To an untrained observer, ODD may appear as the mildest form of the three disorders; however, this misunderstanding is based on observations of a limited set of behaviors that are characteristic of ASPD which do not apply to ODD. ODD is an early onset disorder, and as such, the behaviors characteristic of the disorder are characteristic of children: angry or irritable moods, argumentative or defiant behavior, and vindictiveness. These behaviors are not present in ASPD or CD. In fact, the defining characteristic that separates the behaviors observed in ODD and CD disorders is that the behaviors observed in CD impedes the basic rights of others or violate the major age-appropriate societal norms but ODD exhibit internalized behaviors that may simply annoy

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