Asthma is a lung disease characterized by variable and reversible airway obstruction, airway inflammation, and bronchial hyper-responsiveness. Causes recurring periods of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing; coughing normally occurs at night or early morning. Asthma affects people of all ages and mostly starts in childhood. In the United States, more than twenty-five million people are diagnosed with asthma and about seven million of these people are children.
Asthma causes atomic alterations of the lungs includes smooth muscle constriction of bronchial airways (bronchospasm), excessive production of thick, whitish, tenacious bronchial secretions, hyperinflation of alveoli (air-trapping) and mucus plugging and, in severe cases, atelectasis. There are two kinds of asthma; intrinsic and extrinsic.
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There are several kinds of medications include anti-inflammatory agents and short acting bronchodilators. Anti-inflammatory agents are used a long acting beta agonist or corticosteroid as a maintenance drug they should not be used as a rescue inhaler. Inhaled corticosteroids are Azmacort, Flovent, Pulmicort, and Asmanex. Long acting beta agents include Serevent (Salmeterol), Formoterol, and Brovana. Inhaled corticosteroids combined with Long acting beta2- agents include Advair and Symbicort. Mast-cell-stabilizing agents include Nasacort. There are also short acting beta2- agents that are always for emergency rescue inhalers. The most prescribed and used bronchodilator is Albuterol also called Ventolin, Proair, and AccuNeb. There are also anticholinergics used as reliever medication such as Atrovent and Spiriva. Also, commonly prescribe is a combination of beta2-agent and anticholinergic is DuoNeb which is albuterol and
There are a range of different forms varying in relation to the need of the patient. If the patient is in need of quick relief, the physician may prescribe inhaled short-acting beta2-agonists. This medicine acts quickly to relax tight muscles around airways during an asthma attack. Inhaled corticosteroids are preferred for long term asthma control. These are the most effective option for long-term relief of swelling, inflammation and sensitivity. This is not the only long-term control medicine option though. There are others with the same desired goals such as inhaled long-acting beta2-agonists, leukotriene modifiers, theophylline, cromolyn, and omalizumab. These are generally not as effective as inhaled corticosteroids, which are believed to be the main reason for great improvements in asthma management since the early 1980s (“What is Asthma” and Horne). Asthma management is also very dependent on the patient and their knowledge, skills, and confidence in knowing when to take the medication. If taken too late, the patient may still need hospitalization, whereas if taken too often when not needed, the patient may grow immunity to the drug, or become dependent on it
Known also as “Bronchial asthma”, asthma is a long term inflammatory illness. It is specific breathing problem which is caused due to decreasing the space of the airways. The respiratory system takes oxygen into the lung and discards carbon dioxide. The airways play an important role in breathing, when we breathe, the air passes in the body through nose or mouth, and goes down to the lungs. The airways conduct to the chest, where it diverge into two (bronchioles), and then every bronchiole divides into small tubes till they reach the nodes in the lungs. When these
Asthma is a serious, chronic and widespread disease that affects more than 300 million people around the world. There is no cure for asthma, and it can affect anyone, male or female, children or adult. It can be life threatening, but if managed properly one can live a normal, healthy life. The exact cause of asthma is not known. It is thought that both genetic and environmental factors interact to cause this disease. If atopy or asthma is prevalent within your family, your airways may react more frequently to airborne irritants.
Asthma is one of the pulmonary diseases and is characterized as an inflammation of the bronchial tubes (air ways) that causes swelling and constriction of the airways. This results the problem in breathing. . During asthma attacks muscles in the bronchi constrict, the airways become inflamed and swollen, and breathing become difficult.
Asthma is a chronic condition that can be managed, but not cured. Asthmatic triggers can be various things for different people. It is often a hypersensitive response to allergens but it can also be triggered by increased anxiety, stress, or even laughter. The bronchi reacts to the stimuli with swelling in the mucous membranes, producing excessive mucous secretions, and causing muscle contraction. Due to the swelling and narrowing of the airways, the result is wheezing and difficulty breathing. The pressure produced doesn't allow for full expiration which means less air is taken in and oxygen levels drop. Asthma is managed through drug prevention with different medications to keep the airways open. Inhalers and nebulizers are used for
The term asthma is derived from the Greek word ἅσθμα (asthma), which means breathing with short, quick breaths.17 Asthma is a common inflammatory disease of the airways.18 It is heterogeneous and multifactorial with variable and mostly reversible airflow obstruction.18 Asthma symptoms include cough, rhonchus, wheeze, chest tightness and shortness of breath.17 The causes of asthma are not completely understood. The strongest risk factors were determined as genetic predisposition and exposure to allergens, tobacco smoke, chemical irritants in the workplace and air pollution.19 To date asthma cannot be cured, avoiding triggers and medications can only control it. Failure to use appropriate medications can lead to
Asthma, also called bronchial asthma, is a condition in which a person’s airways become inflamed, narrow, and swell, and produce extra mucus, which makes it difficult to breathe. It is a very common condition with more than 3 million U.S. cases per year. Asthma is a chronic condition than can last either a few years or it could be lifelong. It is unclear why some people get asthma and others don’t, but it is probably due to a combination of environmental and genetic factors. An asthma attack is brought on by triggers and the triggers vary from person to person. I know for myself animal dander, dust; pollen, mold, and fresh cut grass are triggers. Physical activity, air pollutants, certain foods, and certain medications are just a few more things
Allergic Asthma is an inflammatory disease of the lungs that is characterized by increased infiltration of leukocytes, into the airways and limits respiratory function. The studies suggest that a defective general regulatory system against inflammation could be a significant factor in allergic asthma. Mesenchymal stem cells have potential as a cellular immunosuppressive therapy for inflammatory disorders. We investigated whether administration of Mesenchymal stem cells during allergen challenge would affect the underlying mechanisms in allergic airways inflammation. Mice were sensitized by intraperitoneal injection of ovalbumin and aluminum hydroxide emulsion on days 0, 7 and 14 and were then challenged intranasally with ovalbumin or sterile
Asthma is a Respiratory Disorder that is caused by exposure to exasperating substances that causes closure of the bronchial tubes making it harder to breathe, meanwhile mucus is produced which leads to more irritation of the throat and shortness of breath. Asthma is also caused by allergic reactions to pollen, mold, smoke, pet dander, even certain consumable things like nuts and berries and also extensive strenuous physical activity. Symptoms of asthma are most common in physical activity, which leads to coughing, wheezing, the feeling of tightness in the chest and shortness of breath. The common name for that is what we all know as an asthma attack.
Asthma is a respiratory disease that directly effects the trachea, bronchi and bronchioles causing inflammation and swelling. Typically this is caused by a hyper-response to allergens. Symptoms usually include: wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness and coughing.
Asthma is a common respiratory disorder that is mediated by T helper type 2 (TH2) cytokine production, leading to airflow obstruction and airway hyper-responsiveness. Infant infection of human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) has been shown to be the greatest risk factor for developing asthma. Interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7), activated by TLR7 in pDCs, is a crucial regulator of type I interferon (IFN) in the antiviral response. This paper provides preliminary data to show that IL-13 levels are significantly increased in IRF7
Asthma is known as a chronic respiratory disease that affects the lungs. According with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), estimated asthma incidence in the United States is 3.8/1000 in adults and 12.5/1000 in children. Prevalence rate of asthma in the United States increased from 7.3% in 2001 to 8.4% in 2010. Based on the statistics in the United States, it is more common that children have asthma than adults, especially women than men. Comparing with Texas, the estimated prevalence rate of asthma is an estimated of 6.8% of adults (1,296, 000 adults).
Asthma is among the diseases that have shown a significant increase in prevalence in recent attacks of wheezing. Asthma is a chronic condition characterized by periodic attacks of wheezing, coughing and shortness of breath. More than 7 million US children suffer from it and worldwide it’s nearly 150 million. Asthma constrict the airways that lead to the lungs and partially block the passage for air to pass through.
Asthma treatment is an area of ongoing research that has provided both pharmaceutical and herbal remedies as potential treatments for the elimination of symptoms, and preferable the condition altogether. An increasing number of patients are seeking natural alternatives for primary treatment. Numerous studies have been conducted by herbalists correlating the use of particular herbs and the reduction of asthma symptoms in patients.
The most common triggers include allergens, smoke (tobacco and other), air pollution, non selective beta-blockers, and sulfite-containing foods. [94] Cigarette smoking and (passive smoke) may reduce the effectiveness of medications such as corticosteroids.[95] Laws that limit smoking decrease the number of people hospitalized for asthma.[96]