Letter of Transmittal:
12th August, 2012
Muhammad Enamul Haque
Assistant Professor
School of Business and Economics
United International University
Subject: Submission of the term paper on “Analysis of Bangladesh National Budget
For the FY 2012-13”
Sir,
Here is the term paper on “Analysis of Bangladesh National Budget 2012-13”, which you have assigned us in order to get a clear understanding over Bangladesh National Budget for FY2012-13. We have tried our best to gather all kinds of relevant information, which could give us an overall concept of this topic. We have studied the Budget speech 2012-13 by the Finance minister of Bangladesh and the CPD budget reaction for preparing this term paper. We hope that it will meet our expected
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They are: Power & Energy Sector, Agricultural and Rural Development, Human Resource Development, Physical Infrastructure, Industrialization, Climate Change & Environment, Digital Bangladesh, public welfare, good governance & revenue sector. These sectors have been divided into different sub sectors to be more specific.
Budget 2012-2013 gives the permission to convert the black money into white money by changing the income tax law and people may able to convert the black money by investing the black money in the share market. The range of tax-free income is set at 180000 taka, but for the pressure of inflation rate, the taxpayer people will not feel comfort. On the other hand, for the pressure of income tax, existing pressure will be increase and the minimum limit of personal tax rate has been increased from taka 2000 to 3000.
According to the budget 2012-13, the export oriented business like leather industry, leather goods, medicine, frozen goods they have get more facility because they have not pay tax on importing their industry machinery but they have to pay more than two times more tax on their export.
In this new budget, the GDP is set at 7.2%, but the previous economic year the GDP achieved was 6.32%. So, achieving the 7.2% GDP is more challenging in this economic year with current condition.
In this economic year, budget the deficit amount is huge and the government will try to take
A fiscal deficit is when a government's total expenditures exceed the tax revenues that it generates. A budget deficit can be cut by either reducing public expenditure or raising taxes. In this essay, I am going to analyse the benefits and costs of increasing tax rates to reduce fiscal deficits instead of cutting government expenditure.
Overspending is a pertinent problem facing the lawmakers in Congress. In 2012 discretionary spending reached $1.3 trillion and mandatory spending $2 trillion, while only bringing in $2.5 trillion in revenue. Since the turn of the century back in 2000, non-mandatory spending by the government has topped out a whopping $16.1 trillion just in the past 13 years (Boccia, Frasser & Goff 2013). This persistent overspending on programs and services that are not necessary to the functionality of the country is what is causing the deficit to rise year after year. To remedy this issue the government must either increase the revenue it brings in through taxes and trade or reduce the amount of money it spend or perhaps even both. In 2012 thirty-one cents of every dollar that Washington spent was borrowed (Boccia, Frasser & Goff 2013). Most of which went to large programs such as Social Security and Medicare and if these large, growing programs, or just the budget in general, do not undergo financial reform it could spell disaster for the economy and fiscal state of the nation.
Deficit spending is often applied in a political context. However, it can be applied in
Economically there are many challenges we face as a country with our current fiscal policies. Since the 2008 financial crisis, there have been many debates in regards to how we should go about managing our financial system. Unfortunately, we as team believe that in order for us to stabilize our nation financial issues we are going to have to make restrictions in certain channels, which might affecting our way of life. One area needing attention is government spending and how it has to be reduced, and this would have a ripple effect in certain areas. Our elected officials will have to come to a compromise and determine which sectors are costly and can be reduced.
From a perilous beginning, Bangladesh has attained notable advancements in economic and social development in about four decades. Since it won its independent in 1971 following a bloody war, many, in the international community were doubtful about the country’s long-term economic sustainability. Some observers predicted a state of continuing aid dependency, while others believed if a country with such enormous and innumerable development problems as Bangladesh could make strides in development, then possibly other developing countries could as
There are many original and ingenious opinions and analysis related to a topic on U.S. government budget deficit and government obligations and liabilities. As a result of the economic circumstances and current consequences of budget deficit in the United States there have been many controversial hypotheses of what future may bring to the American people. Therefore, I would like to face deeply inquire in to of how our countries government deficit and outstanding debt will affect its citizens and I also assume there are new challenges taking place as the consequence of rising government debt.
Deficit spending generates the creation of wealth transfers from future taxpayers to future government shareholders. In the near future our children and future generations will have a portion of their personal earned incomes moved through higher tax rates compared to those who carry Treasury notes. Government debt causes our children to loose more rights and freedom. Deficit spending is very underhanded because it causes people o believe they are gaining something for nothing. In actuality, their personal wealth is reduced and gives the illusion that their money was covered by taxation. Information involving the overall cost is not even stated in the tax bill itself. Politicians tend to support deficit spending because it rewards special-interest groups and enlarges the state’s control of its private sector (Gwartney et al. 110). Without proper laws and restraints, legislators will drive up budget deficits and spend funds excessively (Gwartney et al. 110). When the government’s allocation of money exceeds its total revenue, a budget deficit occurs.
The forecast for US GDP for the next five years is positive with an average rate of 1.94 percent. From 2016 to 2020, the growth of US GDP as per the forecast will be 2 in 2016, 1.8 in 2017, 1.9 in 2018, 2 in 2019 and 2 percent in 2020 respectively (United States | Economic Forecasts | 2016-2020 Outlook). According to the actual or aggregate forecast for the next five years, US GDP will be $ 18,295 billion in the year 2020. Therefore, the trend is positive, and US GDP will continue to rise gradually.
GDP now is in the US is 3.3%, GDP has lowered in the last 10 years. In 2007 the GDP in the US was 4.40%. There isn’t a pattern for how much it changed in 10 years it kind of went up and down since 2007. In the future I think that GDP will raise more and more.
This paper will attempt to answer the question: Is the federal deficit and government deficits in general a good or a bad thing? While it may be easy to lose sight of how the government chooses to handle its money, it is also important for citizens to be conscious of how their money is being spent, and whether or not the current course that the government is plotted on is either sustainable or the best allocation of resources.
The current rate of GDP growth, according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis, is 2.7% (for Q3), and it was 1.3% in Q2 of this year. This rate reflects relatively slow growth, with challenges remaining in the domestic market and with sluggishness in Europe suppressing exports to that region. The rate of GDP growth is predicted to slow to a decline of 0.5% between Q4 2012 and Q4 2013, the US re-entering recession, according to the Congressional Budget Office's projections. These projections are based on the provisions of the Budget Control Act being enacted, though any observers are doubtful that this will occur.
In recent years Bangladesh has achieved rapid economic growth and significant progress in social development despite many other problems. The enviable GDP growth and many other social and environmental successes have gained until now. But still Dhaka is one of the least livable cities in the world. Political economy and urban planning both are complex and people and state oriented. Before discussing about the political economy of urban development process it is necessary to clear the concept of political economy and the economic system of Bangladesh.
For this piece of assignment, a cash budget will be made for Doomy Corporation for the second quarter of the year. For this budget, all the sales figures for the second quarter and some of the expenditure have been given. Hence, to prepare a cash budget, the sales figure given will be used and some calculations will be worked out in order to fully prepare an outstanding budget for Doomy Corporation the following information will be used efficiently.
Bangladesh has got a population of around 150 million (2011) with a life expectancy at birth of around 63 years, and an adult literacy rate of 47.5%. The recent Human Development
Bangladesh is a south Asian country and has an approximate population reaching 164 million. The manufacturing industry is what Bangladesh is known for. That industry also accounted for almost 12% of GDP in 2009 and 2010 with employing over four million people (The Bangladesh Accord Foundation, 2014). The labor force is made up of young, urbanizing, mainly women. Bangladesh accounts for approximately 78% total exports (The Bangladesh Accord Foundation, 2014), which is second to China.