The management of cash is essential to the survival of any organization. Managing an organization’s financial operation requires knowledge of the economy and ways to maximize revenue. For any organization to operate on a daily basis adequate cash flow is required. Without cash management the organization will be unable to function because there is no cash readily available in case of inconsistencies in the market. Cash is also needed to keep the cycle of the company’s operations going.
Many organizations have maximized the use of cash on hand by effective cash management techniques and the use of short-term financing. This paper will discuss various cash management techniques and short-term financing methods used by organizations.
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In the business world companies are always trying to maximize their earning potential by strategically investing in short-term financing. In terms of finance short-term may mean months or even a couple of years. The type of finance method that is used is contingent on the specific needs of the corporation. These methods include trade credit, bank credit, financing through commercial paper, foreign borrowing, and the use of collateral, accounts receivable financing, inventory financing and hedging to reduce borrowing risk. Trade credit is the practice of purchasing goods now and paying for them later. Trade credit is widely used and “is the least expensive and most convenient form of short-term financing” (McHugh, McHugh & Nickels, 1999, p. 573). When a company purchases goods on credit an invoice is received outlining the terms of repayment. An invoice contains terms such as 2/10, net 30. The total bill is due in 30 days, but the supplier has extended a discount if the amount is paid in full within 10 days. Finance managers use the information on the invoice to perform an analysis to find out if the discount is worth paying the invoice in advance or if there is opportunity for more earning potential if invested elsewhere.
Banks issue credits to organizations seeking funds for there ventures. The bank usually “prefers a self-liquidating loan in which the use of funds will ensure a built-in or automatic repayment scheme” (Block & Hirt, 2005, Chapter 8, p.
Therefore, the company have to borrow around $1,006 K from the bank in order to take a full advantage of trade discount. In this case, the company need to increase the credit limit over $1,000K.
For any business stablishing the proper working capital management is critical. Having inappropriate working capital management can lead to bad operational business. Part of a management team in a company is to make business estimations in regards the company’s future expected sales as well as costs. This is done to better understand the requirements of the company’s future working capital. In additional, this provides management some guidelines on how to raise the appropriate funds at the appropriate time without having to interrupt any business operations.
As a result, holding cash would be essential component of the firm strategy. To develop new products, buy new equipment or expand geographically, firm has to spend money on marketing research, product design, prototype development and so on. Moreover, if a recession hits and the economy start to slow down,
by benchmarking, calculating the expenditure, the staff levels, the cost of resources and how much materials is needed and the actual cost and compare them with the standard and budgeted cost. Financial statements are written report which describes the financial health of an organisation. This includes an income statement and a balance sheet, and often also includes a cash-flow statement. Financial statements are compiled yearly. Cash-flow statements provide a look at the movement of cash in and out of an organisation. The cash-flow statement can be important in checking whether or not an organisation has enough cash to pay its bills, handle expenses, and acquire assets. At the bottom of a cash-flow statement, the net cash increase or decrease can be found (Dixon, 1993).
Johnson & Johnson have a fairly predictable cash disbursement and cash flow budget process unless they have many customers using the credit terms. They will then need to assure they can cover the expenditures associated with manufacturing their product awaiting the payment from the credit contracts. They can charge interest on the creditors that offset and cover their cost associated with this
I think that consumers will readily (gladly) accept these substitutes whenever possible. Advances from one’s employer are the best option but is not readily available to everyone. Overdraft is similar in pricing and many credit cards are as well. Overdraft is easily converted to cash when credit cards are harder to acquire cash from. Credit cards along with loans, lines of credit, home power lines of credit and mortgage refinancing are each increasingly lower in costs but are not as readily available as payday loans which is one of the reasons why there is a $40 billion dollar market. Plus, most substitutes are attainable with good credit while most payday loan companies do not require a substantial amount of information to obtain a cash loan from them. This with the extremely fast turnaround of one to, at maximum, a few hours until you receive cash in hand is another main reason the industry is so large. The text book discusses, in a 2004 survey by Cypress Research Group, 84% of customers who use payday loan
In today’s economy, cash is often considered to be king. This rings true for consumers and companies alike. The flows of a company’s cash are summarized on a company’s statement of cash flows (Gibson, 2011). The cash flow statement provides information regarding the effectiveness of company management in operating the business, how the company’s money is derived, and the way funds are being spent (Megan, Hategan, Caciuc, & Cotlet, 2009). A company’s management uses the statement of cash flows to assist with budgeting as it can predict cash flows in the future (Megan et al., 2009). Additionally, investors use it to assess the financial health of a company (Gibson, 2011; Megan et al., 2009).
Working or functioning capital is the extent at which the organization’s cotemporary possessions enhanced from the liabilities. In this scenario group A evaluate the financial statement of Wal-Mart that includes balance sheets, cash flow statements, and suggestion by the managerial administration along with the postscripts to the financial statements of account that needs to demonstrate how every existing resource as well as liability has influenced the tactics that are concerned with the cash management administration. Moreover perceiving the upcoming year’s prediction of Wal-Mart’s profitability or income would boost up by 20%, we then give a diversified suggestion concerning working
There are a number of options for finding cash to keep the company afloat during the development phase of the new product. Some of the different options include a public share issue, a debt issue, a bank loan, venture capital and mezzanine financing.
I am going to present in this report the sources of finance available for businesses and
Proper cash management and efficient short-term financing are both important and beneficial to a company in order to maintain a competitive market share, which will increase profit potential and shareholder value through rising stock. Cash management can be used to lower or eliminate idle cash balances that do not earn revenue, using the freed up cash as sources for short-term financing through interest building securities. Short-term financing allows a company to secure needed funds in order to meet production needs and gain maximum profitability.
There is an old saying by Earl Wilson (2015) that states “Today, there are three kinds of people: the haves, the have-nots, and the have-not-paid-for-what-they-haves” (p. 1). This saying also applies to businesses, and investors will try to identify which category a company falls in as they conduct their research. Investors want to know they are committing their money to an organization that can effectively manage its cash. Cash is the fuel within every organization. It is extremely important for every executive, manager, and investor to understand the cash flow battle rhythm within their organization by utilizing the statement of cash flow. Analyzing the statement of cash flow, will enable investors to determine if a company is effective at managing their finances.
Trade credit, as defined by (Paul and Boden, 2008) allows customers to delay payments for goods or services to a supplier for a specified period of time. Alternatively, Laffer (1970) defines trade credit as “a means through which money is transferred from economic entities possessing idle money balances to entities in need of additional money balances” (Laffer, 1970, pp. 242). Globally, the scale of trade credit is significant such that in most developed countries it exceeds short-term bank credit (Blasio, 2003) and is an important way of financing firms’ working capital (Peel and Wilson, 1996; Paul and Boden, 2008).
For overall business objectives, regular working capital provides a steady base while with respect to the day-to-day operations short-term working capital is used. There are various sources of finance for working capital which include but are not limited to retained earnings, credit from the business’ suppliers, as well as long-term loans from financial institutions or proceeds from sale of the business’ assets. We can also look at the investment in working capital which could be grouped into permanent and variable components. The part of working capital which sustains the level of sales not affected by “seasonality” is referred to as permanent investment financed by long term capital while variable working capital, financed
Cash management includes understanding your business 's "operating cycle" (i.e. cash to cash cycle). To improve your "operating cycle" it is imperative you understand what it means, how to calculate it, and what influences it before you can improve it. Cash expectations your cash balance to be in 6 months?" Most of the time companies are fighting cash flow problems today and can 't think about the future past this week. Forecasting and managing cash flow provide a real sense of control over the business. Implement a Cashboard-Dashboard, 13 week cash flow forecast and review cash flow reports at least monthly. The key for any business is to focus on cash, not just EBITDA and Net Income, as Cash is King!