Chapter 4: Costs and Cost Minimization
Multiple Choice
1. Suppose you are a star basketball player at a major university in your sophomore year. You are sought after by several NBA teams. Which of the following choices best characterizes your opportunity cost if you choose to drop out of college and enter the NBA?
a) The value of your college scholarship that you have given up.
b) The skills that two more years of playing at your college would have given you along with their additional value over the rest of your life, in addition to the educational value of the college degree.
c) The total of explicit costs that have been incurred in the past.
d) The total of implicit costs that have been incurred in the past.
Ans: B
2. You
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13. An isocost line represents
a) all combinations of inputs in which the firm produces the same level of output.
b) all combinations of inputs in which the firm has the same level of total cost.
c) for a given level of output, the various points that will produce that same level of output at the same cost.
d) all combinations of output that yield the same total cost level.
14. The cost-minimization problem of the firm is to
a) maximize output subject to a given cost constraint.
b) minimize total cost.
c) minimize average cost.
d) minimize total cost of producing a particular level of output.
15. The long-run is
a) a time period in which all input levels are fixed.
b) a time period in which at least one input level is fixed.
c) one year.
d) a time period in which no input levels are fixed.
16. A difference between the short run and the long run is that a firm in the short run
a) faces an unconstrained cost minimization problem, whereas the firm is constrained in the long run.
b) faces a constrained cost minimization problem, whereas the firm is unconstrained in the long run.
c) faces a constrained cost minimization problem in both the short run and the long run.
d) faces an unconstrained cost minimization problem in both the short run and the long run.
17. When the level of capital is plotted on the vertical axis and the level of labor is plotted on the horizontal axis, the slope of the isocost
The budget analysis shows that the labor hours of the firm are higher than the budgeted amount. As such, the firm needs to evaluate the cost benefit analysis of making or buying their products. To make this decision, various factors need to be considered. Before making the decision, Peyton needs to evaluate the marginal costs and revenue of making versus buying the products. The firm should take the option which provides the highest marginal profit which is the
So, to summarize with all the information given, Company A should always strive to have their marginal cost be equal to their marginal cost in order to maximize profit. If they see that their marginal revenue is higher than the marginal cost then more output needs to be produced to get their max profit. In contract, if the marginal cost if higher than the marginal revenue then output needs to
the stock is a call option on the firm's assets, and risky projects decrease the volatility of those assets.
a) In order to meet the increase in scope, the project manager will increase costs and/or schedule increase. The triple constraints should always be balanced.
B. The firm would stand to gain much additional revenue if its competitors did not follow suit by raising their prices.
* Least expensive of the three strategies due to the lack of excess inventory and employee overtime
14) Consider the following transshipment problem. The shipping cost per unit between nodes 1 and 2 is $10, while the shipping cost per unit between nodes 2 and 3 is $12. What is the objective function?
B) if the right-hand side value of the constraint increases by 1 unit, the objective function value will decrease by 5 units
In scenario C, we incur losses for every demand met. Comparing P and D, the difference lies in the location of the factory (assuming we serve Fardo customers). Hence, factory investment of $500,000 must see more than 3,334 drums given savings of $150 per drum. Therefore, we should build a factory and thus a warehouse in Fardo.
D. Massive savings glut in the corporate sector, the globalization of manufacturing networks are major challenges faced by China
a. Focusing solely on marketing in an industry that is undergoing rapid change could be extremely costly in the long run.
d) The opportunity cost should be calculated as the resource cost of producing the input.
Do you think that this firm should cut its price to increase its market share? Explain.