The act of whistleblowing refers to any instance wherein a member of an organization, or even a former member, tells another individual into some immoral or illegal activities of the organization to the hope that the individual will do something in order to change the practice (Near and Miceli n.p.). The individual who reports the misconduct of the organization is known as the whistleblower. The fact that different intelligence agencies were receiving different whistleblower cases, the Congress passed the Whistleblower Protection Act of 1989 in order to serve and protect the whistleblowers. However, the stated act is not applicable to anyone who is working in intelligence organizations since they have their Intelligence Community Whistleblower …show more content…
One of the major reasons why whistleblowing is no longer applicable is the fact that it does not fairly cover enough number of people. Taking into consideration the case of Edward Snowden who was a contractor of the National Security Agency and revealed a huge amount of information of the different surveillance programs of the government to the press. He presented the extensive phone and internet surveillance of the American intelligence for an estimated of tens of millions Americans (National Security n.p.). In Snowden’s case, the public is focusing on the whistleblower rather than the massive information he revealed. There are two opposing opinions about the case of Snowden wherein one side considers him as a hero while the other considers him as a traitor. For this reason, the supporters of Snowden argue that the Whistleblowing Act does not fairly evaluate the case of each individual since Snowden was charged as a criminal who violates Espionage Act of 1917 and a theft of the government …show more content…
"Whistle-Blowing: Myth and Reality". Journal of Management 22 (3): 507-526. 1996. doi:10.1177/014920639602200306. Devine, Thomas M. "The Whistleblower Protection Act of 1989: Foundation for the Modern Law of Employment Dissent." Administrative Law Review 51, no. 2 (1999): 531-79. http://www.jstor.org/stable/40709996 National Security. 2013. “Whistle-Blower: Protection Act Doesn’t Cover Enough People”.
Edward Snowden’s disclosures about the National Intelligence Agency surveillance extension is some of the most comprehensive news in recent history. It has incited a ferocious debate over national security and information privacy. As the U.S government deliberates various reform proposals, arguments continue on whether Snowden is a hero or a traitor (Simcox, 2015).
A system of judicial liability allocated financial restitutions for parties whose actions inflicted harm or damage to a third party. Persons who were harmed by administrative actions often pursued reparation from the government for their injuries. Such efforts always required a legislative basis, otherwise they might stumble on the ancient doctrine of sovereign immunity. This principle generally stated that public officials cannot be sued without consent. Furthermore, official immunity was designed to protect public bureaucrats against tortious acts. If a citizen filed a grievance against the city, an ombudsman was appointed to review the case anticipating an investigation. Additionally, Ralph Nader was credited with legitimizing the term whistle blower (a person who discovers any kind of information that is considered illegal). Representative bureaucracy rested on the assumption that society will respond promptly to a group portrayal. Public administrators approached the acceptances of ethics from different perspectives: 1) Utilitarian Ethics was traced back to the writings of Jeremy Bentham in the late
Former NSA agent, Edward Snowden, empowered U.S. citizens by releasing top secret governemnt files documenting the government’s unwarranted, illegal surveillance on ally countries and unknowing american citizens. His act of courage brought an era of awareness to the masses of the unconstitutional acts of the sovereign. Today, U.S. citizens can thank Snowden for confirming previously far-fetched conspiracy theories and for giving the people a chance to fight back against oppressive government tactics.
There has been a lot of contention on the matter of spies and whistleblowers since the cold war to today. Recent acts of espionage have the public questioning government, on the acts it has taken with these widespread criminals. The practice or act of spying to discover military and political secrets of other nations can also be known as committing espionage. During the cold war many spies sought out secrets of other countries for military and political information.
Bouville (2008) describes whistleblowing as an act for an employee of revealing what he believes to be unethical or described as an illegal behaviour to a higher management (internal whistleblowing) or to an external authority or the public (external whistleblowing). Whistle-blowers are often seen as traitors to an organisation as they are considered to have violated the loyalty terms of that organisation while some are described as heroes that defend the values and ethics of humanity rather than loyalty to their company. In the medical community, it is the duty of a practitioner aware of patient care being threatened to make it known to those in charge and for those in charge to address the issues and act on it. The General Medical
Edward Snowden, the former National Security Agency (N.S.A) subcontractor turned whistle-blower is nothing short of a hero. His controversial decision to release information detailing the highly illegal ‘data mining’ practices of the N.S.A have caused shockwaves throughout the world and have raised important questions concerning how much the government actually monitors its people without their consent or knowledge. Comparable to Mark Felt in the Watergate scandals, Daniel Ellsberg with the Pentagon Papers, Edward Snowden joins the rank of infamous whistleblowers who gave up their jobs, livelihood, and forever will live under scrutiny of the public all in the service to the American people. Edward Snowden released information detailing the
It is important to know the motivation of the traffic light. Rachel Ross in Who Invented the Traffic Light? States, “ This system allows the traffic light system to communicate directly with the car and will improve safety and efficiency.” ( Ross) The people's was mainly think creating the traffic light will give the people safety the was that was the main point.
Edward Snowden. This is a name that will be in the history books for ages. He will be branded a traitor or a whistleblower depending on where you look. Many Americans feel that Edward Snowden is a traitor who sold the United States’ secrets aiming to harm the nation. Others believe that he was simply a citizen of the United States who exercised his right to expose the government for their unconstitutional actions. It is important to not only know the two sides to the argument of friend or foe, but to also know the facts as well. My goal in this paper is to present the facts without bias and to adequately portray the two sides of the argument.
In early 2013 a man by the name of Edward Joseph Snowden began leaking classified National Security Agency (NSA) documents to media outlets, which in turn ended up in public ears. These documents, mainly involving intelligence Snowden acquired while working as an NSA contractor, are mostly related to global surveillance programs run by the NSA. This has raised multiple ethical issues ranging from national security, information privacy and the ethics behind whistleblowing in general. The reach and impact of these leaks have gone global and have put in question the very government that protects us as well as the extent of the public’s rights on privacy. Various foreign
Whistleblowers in the United States are individuals who expose organizations in illicit or dishonest activities. There are generally two views people have concerning whistleblowers: They are either considered snitches (performing acts of espionage) or they are considered martyrs (acting as a type of vigilante informing the public of wrongdoing). There have been many controversial cases in the past decade over informants such as Edward Snowden (exposing NSA data collection of citizens), Bradley Manning (responsible for leaking Iraqi military secrets), and Thomas Drake (NSA personnel leaking counterterrorism information and misconduct), some labeling them as traitors and others labeling them as saints. Some state that they weren’t
After September 11th, Americans looked to the government for protection and reassurance. However, they did not expect to find out thirteen years later that the government did this by using technology to spy on Americans, as well as other countries. George W. Bush began the policy shortly after the terrorist attack and Barack Obama continued it. There have been many confrontations over the years about the extent of the N.S.A.’s spying; however, the most recent whistle-blower, Edward Snowden, leaked information that caused much upset throughout America (EFF). It has also brought many people to question: is he a hero or a traitor?
For my social norm project, I chose to relax in a strange location. Initially I had planned to lie down on a beach towel next to a stop sign but, I changed my mind and decided to lie next to a walking path so that it would be easier to observe people’s reactions. The location that I chose was next to the walking path behind the Dairy Queen in downtown Brighton specifically the place where the path branches off to a boardwalk over the mill pond. I placed my beach towel right next to a sign that detailed prohibited activities, which did not include loitering. Behind me were some trees, the lake, and a particularly noisy group of geese. Across the sidewalk was a graveyard, making my relaxation spot even less ideal. When I first laid down, my feet
Fitness is something every college student struggles with. With the high levels demanded of college students, such as research papers, group projects, assignments, jobs, and overall lack of sleep it can become very difficult to find the time to workout or be active. Student like to be active thought because it helps put them in a better mood. They are able to relax and have more energy. If students come in with a plan though they are more likely to stick to their routine and maintain their workout plan. It also helps to have a person to workout with. This allows for both individuals to motivate each other to stay on their workout routine, this especially helps for women. Generally though, by setting your mind to staying fit, you will not only see the benefits physically, but it will also help individuals set goals that are achievable in life and help maintain their stress level (Whelan, 2016).
Interest sparked when Edward Snowden NSA contractor publicly disclosed a large number of classified documents that are about U.S. government, implemented massive surveillance program toward American citizens and foreign countries. This incident was viewed as the most significant leak in America history and of course it has caused sensation worldwide. However, privacy issue doesn’t easily raise general public’s attention due to it seems like don’t bring substantial bad consequence or effect our lives a lot. After Snowden escaped to Russia, different people called him traitor whistleblower, dissident, and even a hero. Consequently, there has been a fierce debate about whether he should be punished by law or be protected as hero of whistleblower.
Is the government trustworthy and is whistleblowing an ethical practice are the two major questions that have been surfaced throughout the recent years. Just the past several years, Edward Snowden released unauthorized intelligence documents detailing the National Security Agency’s (NSA) surveillance on its on population that led to numerous reactions and questions towards the agency’s activities. Meanwhile, the attitude towards Snowden’s action remain mixed. Many perceive him as a hero while others believe that he is a traitor for releasing the private disclosure. The question remain if the unauthorized disclosure of classified information was justified. In order to determine whether Snowden’s action was justified, this paper will analyze if his actions meet the criteria suggest by Rahul Sagar.