Ecological niche modeling for the neotropical felid jaguarundi (Herpailurus yagouaruni)
Abstract
Despite sharing common territory with the well-studied ocelot, little research has been done on the jaguarundi. The preferred habitat of the species is currently unknown as the jaguarundi has been spotted in a variety of different biomes, though it is thought they may prefer living along the borders between habitats (Giordano, 2016). Previous spatial analysis has been focused on phenotypic changes or based on out-of-date data (da Silva et al., 2016; Wilcox et al., n.d.). Using 336 records gathered from the year 2000 to 2015, this project will identify priority jaguarundi habitat and which environmental variables have the largest impact on where the species lives. Priority habitat will be determined using two methods: Mahalanobis D2 using SAS code and maximum entropy using the program MaxEnt (Duncan and Dunn, 2001; Rotenberry et al., 2006). Both will be trained on 70% or the data points and then checked against the remaining 30%. The chosen environmental variables will then be stacked to form a graded map of priority habitat. This map will then be contrasted with the existing range map and the Bordercats Working Group map of priority jaguarundi habitat in northern Mexico (Wilcox et al., n.d.). The ranges of the maps will likely match up relatively well, but the new map will allow for greater specificity in policy decisions and a better understanding of what environmental
As an invasive species, the Burmese python has an immense impact on the native populations of the Everglades. In the last 20 years, observations of mammals in the Everglades have declined by 95% while the number of non-native Burmese pythons in the park has significantly increased (Sovie et al. 2016). Data from game cameras used in a study by Willson support this observation, showing the spatial pattern of mammal abundance being inversely correlated with spatial expansion of Burmese pythons in the Everglades (Willson 2017).
Many of its marshes, cypresses, and mangroves cover the majority of the wetland and an estimated number of 50 reptile species and 40 mammal species currently residing are either endangered, or worse, threatened for extinction. The Florida Panther, according to the National Park Service, has a successful breeding population; nonetheless, the “primary threats to the remaining population are habitat loss, fragmentation, and degradation” (para. 2). Due to the ongoing urban development, the panther became a well-known endangered human threat. An estimated 80-120 panthers are surviving
This lab report focus on the risk of extinction of the panther species of Florida due to habitat loss (urbanization), collisions road kill, intolerance and poor genetic diversity have been confined to this animal to live in a small part of South Florida become one of the most endangered mammals on the planet. About 160 cats remain in the wild. Therefore the objective of this report is to disseminate knowledge regarding the extinction of native species by identifying the mortality, its causes, area of action, level of ecosystem and possible solutions to prevent their extinction
This species of wild cats has not been confirmed in the United States in nearly three decades. Although, there have been quite a few unconfirmed sightings. A cat of the lowlands, not generally found above 6500 feet, the Gulf Coast Jaguarundi occupy a wide range of both open and closed habitats – from dry scrub, swamp and savannah woodland to primary forest. A factor that is used to establish habitat appropriateness is access to dense ground vegetation. Of all of the New World felines, the Jaguarundi are the most adaptable in its ability to occupy diverse
Abstract: There is very little known about the Salt Marsh Harvest Mouse (SMHM). In 1970, SMHM was added to the endangered list, largely due to the fact their salt water habitats 84% gone. With the mouse being just under 3 inches in length, nocturnal, loving its dense cover protection, and the close resemblance to the Western Harvest Mouse, it makes field identification very difficult. Further research is needed not only into the population numbers of SMHM, but its habitat as well. Capture-recapture will be used to assess the SMHM population, where it will be measured, weighed, a patch of hair taken for re-identification, and released back into its habitat. Subplots will also be measured for the Pickleweed population using USFS protocol. Despite conservation efforts, there is a lot more that needs to be done to evaluate SMHM and its habitat to ensure its continued survival. The objective of this research proposal is to measure the SMHM population and its habitat, in order to evaluate the probability of its continued survival. The results of this research will be forwarded to the appropriate agency for further conservation efforts of SMHM in the San Francisco Bay.
Animal species are largely segregated by the environment for which they are suited to live in an their inability to thrive in non-similar conditions. Northern Arizona has quite an extreme climate; the high elevation, frigid temperatures and immense forestation make it a very hit or miss environment for animals to establish homes within during winter, weeding out species less suited for such a climate and allowing those more acclimated to thrive. However, During spring and summer many more species are able to thrive in the vast fields of fresh vegetation that is not found in the more southern regions.
Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge is a protected park in New Mexico located in the Chihuahuan desert around 20 miles north of Socorro, New Mexico. The Rio Salado flows through the refuge and is a tributary of the Rio Grande joining the Rio Grande just 15 miles north of Socorro, New Mexico. The refuge area currently hosts the Sevilleta Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) Program by the University of New Mexico. While research into parasites in mammals and other species that habituate in the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge has been done, there has not been any studies on snails and digenean parasites in the region. Understanding and mapping the physid snail and digenean parasite habitat could help estimate the biodiversity of the digenean
Usaquen was a colonial town and today is one of the most exclusive neighborhoods in northern Bogota.
The Allegheny woodrat (Neotoma magister) is a small mammal that is endemic to the United States. They live in the eastern part of the United States in deciduous forests. Their species can be found from the Appalachian Mountains through the interior Highland regions, including western Connecticut to northern Alabama (Castleberry et al 2006). Woodrats are restricted to areas that have rocky structures such as caves, fissures, and boulder piles and live within the spaces between rocks (Castleberry et al. 2006). Rocky habitats are good living spaces for them because the crevices provide protection from predators and also create a den environment for young to develop. Since rocky areas are usually distributed in patches throughout an environment, woodrats are considered to be metapopulations because their populations are separated (Castleberry et al. 2002). Other animals that can be found using the same rocky habitats for denning, roosting, or nesting include the Rafinesque 's big-eared bat (Corynorhinus rafinesquii), Townsend 's big-eared bat (C. townsendii), common raven (Corvus corax), long-tailed weasel (Mustela frenata), eastern small-footed myotis (Myotis leibii), eastern spotted skunk (Spilogale putorius), and American black bear (Ursus americanus) (Castleberry et al. 2006). The different types of species that live in the community creates competition and leaves woodrat populations vulnerable. Competition and predators are examples of factors that
I am studying the Northern Goshawk, a raptor that most often dwells in thick forest in upper North America and throughout the Rocky Mountains. The focus of my investigation is the impact of forest cover on local Northern Goshawk populations, most specifically in areas that have changed relatively slowly in the past few years. This is in the interest of wanting an area that would allow me to determine just how drastically forest changes impact the Northern Goshawk population in the area. Regardless, my principle hypothesis is that if forest abundance declines, then the population of Northern Goshawks in that area will also decline.
This Habitat Consevation Area of over 8,000 acres is home to the San Joaquin kit fox, Blunt-nosed leopard lizard, Giant kangaroo rat, Tipton kangaroo rat, San Joaquin antelope squirrel, Western burrowing owl and several native plant species which they are committed to protecting. (Corporation, 2016)
When determining the sloths’ selectivity for each habitat, only the available habitats were included in the calculation. An unavailabe habitat is one where it is uninhabitable due to a physical barrier. For example, in Figure 1 in the lower left hand corner is a lowland secondary forest. Although the sloths are able to live in such a environment, it is not included in the selection calculation since the mountainous environment is physically preventing the sloths from inhabiting the area. Using the Manly’s alpha formula it was determined that the two toed sloth, Choloepus hoffmanni, was selecting for the agriculture and old growth habitats, while selecting against the clear cut and secondary forest habitat. The the three toed sloth, Bradypus
My hypothesis was supported due to the data. For example, I found that there seems to be a wide variety of small animals in the Northwest, while in the Southeast there seems to be more of one major type of specie that the owls thrive off of, which was the vole at 26. Some of the species that were present in the Northwest than the Southeast were pocket gopher, and mole. The habitat of barn owls living in the Northwest is more stable than of barn owls living in the Southeast due to the wide variety of prey within the barn owls’ ecosystem, according to the data there were 3 pocket gophers and 3 moles in the Northwest pellets, compared to the Southeasts zero pocket gophers and moles. Similarly, the Northwest pellets contained 2 more shrews, compared
Deforestation and poaching tend to be the leading factors of why jaguars are dying off at such a significant rate. Many conservation groups have come out and said publicly that if the international community does not do something about the decline in the jaguar population, the tropical rainforests of Central and South America will be under threat
Habitat loss and fragmentation are major threats to biodiversity and Brazil’s Atlantic Forest is a prime example of this. The Atlantic Forest of Brazil provides habitat for a wide variety of endemic species, but sadly it is one of the most endangered biomes in the world (biotropica). One of the endemic species of this biome is the Golden Lion Tamarin. A number of different human activities including deforestation for lumber extraction to agriculture, cattle ranching, and carchoal production, have drastically minimized the habitat of the Golden Lion Tamarins to small patches made up primarily of secondary vegetation (Atla Forest). Another factor that has contributed to the reduction in this species’ number was hunting (Atla). It has been estimated