Education and Privileges

Imagine waking up to an unfamiliar world. A world that only may seem familiar due to years spent breathing, but not living. In this unfamiliar world, one can only imagine the panic and frustrations illiterates face each day as they coexist. An expert on this issue, Jonathan Kozol, wrote a book that deals with his theories of illiterates in America. He mentions how democracy is sacrificed from lack of acknowledgement of this issue. While focusing on chapter four in his novel, Kozol highlights real life hardships for illiterates and defends that their freedoms are nonexistent. In Jonathan Kozol’s essay, “The Human Cost of an Illiterate Society”, he presents the major costs and dangers from illiterates that impact our society as a whole and that our nation fails to address.

Throughout decades, education inequality is still one of the most deliberate and controversial issues in the United States. Thus far, the privilege or right to receive education has not attained the level of equality throughout the nation. Poor districts obtain less educational funds while rich districts obtain more, which create an immense gap between the quality of schools in poor and rich areas. In other words, the education gap is the root of inequality in America. Inequality in education is linked to the major problems in the society. The need for studies to be done to find ways of overcoming these inequalities is very inevitable. The means of mitigating these inequalities are important for the entire world. This is something of great interest due to the fact that children need quality education which is a pillar for a guaranteed future. Generally speaking, the distinctions among races, genders, and classes in the society have caused the educational inequality in America.

Writer Jonathan Kozol, in the essay “The Human Cost of an Illiterate Society,” suggests that the alarming rates of illiteracy in the U.S. are corroding the fundamentals of democracy, reinforcing the structures of inequality that created the problem to begin with. His argument draws on a range of evidence and support from multiple sources such as philosophers and historical figures, anecdotes, and first-person accounts. Kozol’s purpose is to not simply illustrate the various personal tragedies that people with underdeveloped reading skills face, but to tell his audience that such tragedies when you add them up constitute a threat to the basic values that maintain the nation as a whole.

Democracy has always been threatened by illiteracy. There are a few ways in which democracy has been threatened by illiteracy. These ways are, people forging a vote, not understanding instructions on medication, and traveling out to the streets. These three things are a huge problem for illiterates. In order to prevent illiteracy one must open themselves to the world and learn about democracy. As James Madison stated, “A people who mean to be their own governors must arm themselves with the power knowledge gives” (Kozol 114).

Kozol argues that, “The number of illiterate adults exceeds by 16 million the entire vote cast for the winner in the 1980 presidential contest. Even if one third of all illiterates could vote in their self-interest, Ronald Reagan would not likely have been chosen president”(Kozol 149). When illiterate people choose a political figure to represent their views they do not know they are affecting themselves, as well as everyone else in the united states. Their vote impacts the United States because it determines who will make the important decisions, and create new policies. To be represented in what goes on in the surrounding community is a crucial aspect in democracy for illiterate people.

Social Class and Education”. It opens by discussing research conducted in the 1960’s in an effort to identify factors contributing to differences in the academic achievement of Whites and Blacks (Banks & Banks, 2013). Researchers hypothesized that the achievement gaps were mainly the result of disparities in school resources and characteristics, but found that there is a high correlation between achievement and socioeconomic status (SES) (Banks & Banks, 2013). Furthermore, attention is drawn to the class stratification which exists in our educational system and works to maintain inequality through exclusion strategies such as ability grouping and tracking (Banks & Banks, 2013). Evidence of the correlation between social class and

tand then be expected to be living a life of prosperity today? Whites knew without an education Black people would not be able to eradicate the dire dilemma slavery put them in. Thus, that was the sole reason this particular White Privilege has been unanimously withheld from Blacks for almost their entire existence in the United States. It was not until 1968 when the doors were swung open and school segregation was determined unlawful in “all schools” across the US (tolerance.org) were Black people given access to education, especially a college degreed education. Hence, if Macintosh pondered what her White Privilege gave to her that really mattered to most Black people and if she really wanted her article to do its part towards disbanding the permanency of racism, which she eludes to in the article, then she would have pondered the White Privilege of education and she would have listed the lack education has been for centuries for Black people among her White Privileges. She would have even, highlighted such an important White Privilege. Yet most of the “White Privileges” Ms. Macintosh listed were blasé, at most. And as many years since Ms. Macintosh wrote the article, White Privilege, it boggles the mind that people consider it so profound that it is still being, today, in schools, colleges, and universities to discuss racism in the US.

The education system is notorious for teaching its own agenda, and not necessarily all the facts of a situation. For many years, the education system on all levels has been teaching students what it means to have privilege, and how life would be if they did not. Usually, the white students are the subject of privilege, and the minority student are the subject of life with racism, and without privilege. White privilege has been an underlying lesson to students for generations, and contributes to the power and superiority white people feel over everyone else. When the Michael Brown shooting occurred, it opened up many people’s eyes to the inequalities that are being perpetrated by the very education system meant to teach students how to live

Kozol says, “Illiterates cannot read the lease that they must sign to live in an apartment which, too often, they cannot afford. They cannot manage check amounts and therefore seldom pay for anything by mail. “I couldn’t understand the bills,” a woman in Washington, D.C., reports, “and then I couldn’t write checks to pay them. We signed things we didn’t know what they were.”.” It’s even hard for an illiterate to understand someone’s intentions. They only believe in what they are told, therefore no one knows what type of advantages are taken by our society from them; as Kozol says, “They are half-citizens. Their rights exist in print but not in

Throughout life, we have experienced moments of helplessness that have left us feeling anguished and defeated. It’s only in these moments that we realize how crucial communication is. We are most vulnerable when we are not understood or when we are unable to comprehend a given issue or situation. Of course, for some, the feeling is short-term, but for illiterates it is a chronic sensation. The tragic inability to read or write has become a crisis in our nation as millions of illiterate Americans fall victim to their own insecurities and ignorance. Jonathan Kozol addresses these concerns in “The Human Cost of an Illiterate Society”, where he warns us about the dangers of illiteracy when it coexists with democracy. The notion of an illiterate society is one that affects our nation as a whole. With the alarming rate of illiterates across the nation, the incapability to read or write may compromise our democracy. Because an illiterate society lacks the knowledge or education required, they are highly dependent on others, susceptible to danger, and risk creating ill-informed decisions that could be detrimental to democracy.

In this article, ‘The Human Cost of an Illiterate Society’ by Jonathan Kozol. The author mentions that illiteracy in the United States has undermined its democracy. He explains the negative aspects that illiterate people have. He demands that since 60 million people in the U.S. are illiterate, about one third of the illiteracy could vote, and that is U.S. government is “the government is neither of, nor for, nor by, the people,” which is very basic meaning of democracy in the United States; whether government in U.S. they support this one third of illiterate when other two thirds of privilaged literate people advantage from all different kinds of chance informed from the ability to read the words. Then, he begins with various examples of problem

White privilege is a predominant issue in America today as it is embedded into the education systems. In an article written by Peggy McIntosh titled, White privilege: Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack, McIntosh writes about white privilege not being necessarily overt, but embedded and so naturally it is hard to see especially for white people, as it is simply the norm most of them have been born into. White privilege ultimately gives white people an easier life, as they are awarded unearned advantages over people of colour. White privilege affects the chances to obtain a job in academia, the curriculum being taught, and student success in the world of education.

Education is something often seen as an equalizer in the face of social injustice. The concept of using school and information to put different people on a level playing field is a noble but misguided attempt at social equality. Education undoubtedly affects the position of people in society positively, while creating an outlet to educate the ignorant, it becomes problematic when education is not an equal opportunity for everyone. In Adrienne Rich’s essay, “Taking Women Students Seriously”, she speaks of the inequality mainly affecting women while subtly hinting at the inequality present in education in regards to race and class. Gender, race and class are three characteristics that work together to create either a positive or negative profile for one’s education.

As an society is constantly progressing throughout a variety of perspectives, privilege plays a role among the conflicts of the person's life. In the terms of injustice and hardships, it is quite difficult to address these issues and to cope with them. Privilege is a term that is described as an unearned right that is given to an individual for the purpose of a specific power based on one's culture, race, religion, gender, sexual orientation, etc. It is important to acknowledge privilege as many people have rights in some kind of way in which they can misuse it in negative ways, which can be the cause oppression against another individual. I am going to discuss the content of 'invitation' and reflect aspects of my life which I have greater power and privilege than others. The questions corresponding to this article is why are you interested in exploring these issues related to privilege? and is your interest connected with any particular hopes for your work, for your life, for the world in which we live.

Imagine growing up not having a formal education. Determining if good education is a right or a privilege is a very debated topic in the United States. Not only could an informal education harm the student, but it could impair their future. Therefore, acquiring a degree is essential for ninety percent of jobs on the market today. Having a good education should be a right in order to enroll into college, obtain a degree, and have a brighter future.