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Examples Of Calvinism In The Devil And Tom Walker

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“The Devil and Tom Walker” (1824) by Washington Irving is a faustian tale about a man named Tom Walker who develops a relationship and strikes a life altering deal with the devil. The short story takes place in the time period of 1727 near Boston, Massachusetts when Puritans were very prevalent and the ideas of Calvinism were contemplated by many. A main aspect of Calvinism Washington Irving disagrees with is called predestination. This belief is when one does not have control of their afterlife because it is already chosen by God. I’ll be exploring Calvinist and Puritan beliefs along with the concept of the faustian deal to show why Irving had Tom Walker agree to such a lopsided pact with the devil. To further understand Tom Walker’s personality and how it contradicted Calvinism, I will also be exploring what was the perception of death for Bostonian Puritans around 1727? Understanding the Puritan perception of death is central to understanding why Tom easily sold his soul to the devil. Through the encounter with the devil at the Native American stronghold, Tom’s wife dying and the faustian deal, Washington Irving shows he is against the Calvinist belief of predestination brought to the Massachusetts Bay colonies. The nature of the Native American stronghold and remarks said here by the devil are interesting examples of how Washington Irving shows he is against the concept of predestination. Predestination is both introduced for the first time in the short story and is

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