Social Darwinism is a social concept based of Charles Darwin’s theory of natural selection. The concept of Social Darwinism states that certain classes and races were more fit and survived longer because they were biologically superior. Social Darwinism can often be applied to the characters within a novel. In Frank Norris' novel, McTeague, the couples, Trina and McTeague and Maria and Zerkow, exemplify the concept of Social Darwinism, as seen by Trina’s want to rise to the upper class, Trina forcing McTeague to act like he’s in the upper class, Trina obsession with saving money, and the death of Maria and Zerkow’s child because of their biologically inferior races.
Based on Social Darwinism, McTeague and Trina were less likely to survive
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Zerkow was Polish and Maria was Hispanic, both inferior races; this causes them to be biologically inferior and less likely to survive. The couple decides to have a child; the child died due to its biologically inferior race. After losing her child, Maria began to suffer from a frightening mental illness. The severe illness caused Maria to lose her memory. When Zerkow asked Maria where the golden dishes were, Maria was completely discombobulated. She had no memory of ever owning golden dishes. The lose of Maria’s memory caused the destruction of their marriage, because their marriage was built on the golden dishes that Zerkow was obsessed with. Zerkow became preoccupied with searching for Maria’s golden dishes, that never really existed, and he got furious with Maria. She drove him insane, which caused him to resent her. Maria was found with a slit in her neck and Zerkow was found dead in the river; it’s believed that Zerkow killed Maria and jumped in the river to end his own life. Their biologically inferior races, the lose of their child, and the downfall of their marriage caused the death of Maria and
Mariam struggled often with the constant rigor of her daily housewife work. As a child, Mariam encountered many horrific adversities and obstacles that she had to fight through. She lived with her mother, who she refers to as Nana. Nana was a very strict, bitter, and nasty woman. Mariam was the only thing she had in her life and she constantly treated her as dirt. She referred to Mariam as a harami, which translates to a sinner and/or a bad person in our culture. Her mother’s source of bitterness derived from the fact that Mariam’s successful father Jalil
Strength, intelligence, valuable talents and gifts, all these are traits that are desired by society. However, only certain people have the gift of strength or the gift of intelligence. Everyone is different. If everyone was the same, if everyone was perfect, life would be dull. Some people may want perfection, but who wants a boring, lifeless world? Unfortunately, some people did, and still do. The people who want a perfect society and who believe that strong, intelligent, and talented people are the ones who deserve to “survive,” are called Social Darwinists. Social Darwinism is a competition between groups in society, usually resulting in the most fit, or most capable, coming out on top. Social Darwinists argue that the strong’s power and wealth should increase, whereas the weak’s should decrease. There are different views as to who these weak and strong groups are, but all Social Darwinists agree that the strong should be rewarded and the weak punished. The concept of Social Darwinism is based off of Charles Darwin’s theories of natural selection and survival of the fittest. Even though the name suggests it, Charles Darwin did not develop this idea. In the 1800s, Herbert Spencer, Walter Bagehot, and William Graham Sumner, all sociologists, decided that Darwin’s theories of natural selection, and survival of the fittest applied to not only animals, but people too, particularly those living under Laissez-faire capitalism. Laissez-faire capitalism is when the
Social Darwinism is based on Charles Darwin’s concept of evolution but implied to society. It takes on a survival of the fittest agenda while using natural selection to “weed out” the weak from the majority of society. The “we” would be white people, specifically white men, and the “they” would be the people they enslaved or forcibly ruled over. In Rudyard Kipling’s poem, “The White Man’s Burden” he based this on the people of the Philippines after the Spanish-American War when America had won. In my opinion, a little hypocritical seeing as he was British and the Brits weren’t ones to talk; perhaps he meant this in the broadest sense even though he was looking at this particular incident which is also likely.
Social Darwinism is a quasi-philosophical, quasi-religious, quasi-sociological view that came from the mind of Herbert Spencer, an English philosopher in the 19th century. It did not achieve wide acceptance in England or Europe, but flourished in this country, as is true of many ideologies, religions, and philosophies. A good summary of Social Darwinism is by Johnson:
After the publishing of Darwin’s On the Origin of Species, many of his followers began to apply the same idea of natural selection to society, believing that the “survival of the fittest” applied to social problems as well nature. It was a common ideology of the time that those who were better off, like wealthy citizens and corporations, were ….because they were better adapted to the environment. Therefore, the wealthy and the corporations were the fittest, and deserved wealth and power because they were adapted to survive. On the other hand, if someone was poor, it was
To begin, the film Maria full of grace, presents a young woman, Maria who lives in a household where it is seen that her family is struggling financially and that her family essentially relies on her and her mother for financial income. It could be inferred from the film that the family is struggling because once Maria quit her job in the factory, her mother and sister whom who has a child are appalled at this act. As mentioned, prior you get a more personal feel to this film in contrast from the book. This is shown through her interactions with her family, coworkers/ friends, and boyfriend. This film touch base on how being struggling financially would lead you to perform jobs that aren’t exactly legal. Once Maria quit her job at the flower factory and her family begged her to go back, she wouldn’t which fundamentally led her to become a mule in transporting pellets into the United States for money. Maria’s life is an example of those who live under this umbrella of poverty.
Naturalism and Social Darwinism in McTeague In the late nineteenth century, literature was experiencing a new movement known as Realism, which sought to depict life as it truly was, rather than a romanticized or stylized portrayal. A natural offshoot of this movement was termed Naturalism, which not only faithfully presented an accurate picture of ordinary life, but was also concerned with the motives and causes behind actions. One such motive was Social Darwinism, the idea that some people were born to survive, and that others were not socially fit. Frank Norris, one of the best authors of both Naturalism and Social Darwinism, combined these ideas in his best known work, McTeague.
Warped Society “What if …the race …had developed into something inhuman, unsympathetic, and overwhelming powerful?” (33) In the novel, The Time Machine, by H.G. Wells the theory of Social Darwinism is discussed. This theory states that people, organizations, and species are governed by the laws of Natural Selection. According to the theory, the weak (lower class) are diminished and their cultures are degraded, while the strong (upper class) grow in power and their cultural influence increases over the weak.
White supremacy is, arguably, an excellent example of social darwinism. A common belief among white supremacists is that some cultures (i.e. that of white Americans or Europeans) are simply better set off to thrive in modern-day society and economy. They argue that because other cultures (that of black Americans, latino Americans, or any that aren't affluent white or perhaps Asian) seemingly cannot "adapt", then this is what makes white people so superior to others. Like social darwinism, this idea advises against helping or providing aid to lower classes, believing that this would interfere with a natural process, and ignores any other causes of that class/culture being
Basically, they took Darwin's theory of natural selection, which was intended to apply only to selection through genetic variability, and applied it to selection between human groups differentiated by culture alone. The concept, referred to as social Darwinism, embraced all efforts to apply Darwinian biology and evolution to human society. Through the years, social Darwinism became widely popular and was used to justify predatory capitalism, social classes, racial prejudices, and imperialism.
Social theorist Herbert Spencer, a contemporary to Darwin, was one of the most vocal proponents of Social Darwinism. Coining the term “Survival of the Fittest”, he proposed that there existed a natural order to society, where the strong- be it on an
Social Darwinism came to popularity in 1859 when Charles Darwin, a British naturalist, published his book called On the Origin of Species about his theory of “Darwinism”. This theory was very popular between the years 1870-1890; it spanned until the early 1900s (around 1910). Social Darwinism is any conviction or hypothesis that endeavors to clarify human culture as far as regular determination specifies the hypothesis that people, ethnic gatherings, and so on make progress or predominance as a result of inborn hereditary prevalence and a resultant upper hand. The hypothesis of Social Darwinism said that the people who were feeble were getting smaller in quantity as the more solid people developed in power. Herbert Spencer, a British philosopher and sociologist, acquired Darwin’s theory of evolution and twisted the idea around to make his idea of “survival of the fittest” connect with Darwin’s theory. Spencer said: “The wealthy and powerful were the ‘fittest,’ people endowed with innate intelligence, strength, and the adaptability that enabled them to succeed in the competitive world of business” (Visions of America).
In 1859, a biologist named Charles Darwin postulated a scientific theory, which stated that all living organisms evolved through a process of natural selection. According to Stephen Hawking, Charles Darwin claimed that the offspring of a particular species gradually evolved themselves genetically to resist the changes in the environment (573). The theory contended that the organisms could adapt to the changes in the environment through the survival of the fittest. Though this theory is regarded as a breakthrough in the field of biological evolution, it is interesting to explore how this seemingly scientific theory has been suitably modified, and intellectually applied to both negative and positive aspects of life.
Social Darwinism is the social concept based on Charles Darwin’s theory of natural selection. It suggests that human social organization is based on the survival of the fittest and that certain class and races dominate because they are biologically superior. Frank Norris applies this theory to his novel, McTeague. Creating diverse characters, he was able to showcase the different aspects of class and race to show how some are more fit than others. Norris shows how people in certain social classes either rise or fall based on their actions. Norris showed the two sides of Social Darwinism when McTeague and Trina tried to change their social class and when Old Grannis and Miss Baker searched for love instead of money.
Herbert Spencer introduced Social Darwinism as a supposition that human groups and ethnicities are contingent to the same laws of natural selection as Charles Darwin had distinguished in wildlife and plants in nature. This idea was endorsed in the 19th and 20th centuries claiming the feeble were diminished and their cultures demarcated while the powerful grew in control and had cultural impact over the weak. Social Darwinists believed in “survival of the fittest”, a phrase coined by Herbert Spencer. In turn, this created the idea of racial supremacy, the belief that a race is superior to others and should rule over them, and eugenics, the selection of favored inheritable traits to improve future generations. Darwinism is a notion that specific