Exoplanet Surface Conditions

The new planet is known as HD 219134b and it followed NASA's discovery of the planet Kepler-452b, discovered by the Kepler telescope. The Kepler-452b apparently resembles Earth much more than the HD 219134b exoplanet. It maintains a 385 orbit and its host star is only 20 percent brighter than the Earth's sun. However, HD 219134b is much closer to Earth than the Kepler-452b, and for that reason, scientists have high expectations from it.

Uranus is the only giant planet whose equator is nearly at right angles to its orbit and has 5 large moons and 22 smaller moons. It is, also, the only planet in our solar system to spin on its side. Uranus

What do you think we would do if someone from anther planet landed in the U.S and claimed it as his territory because he had discovered it? How would you feel about this?

I) Explain how we can deduce each of the properties and summarize the range of each

From the figure above, it can be seen that Gliese 581 G has drawn much notice because of how similar its features are in comparison to our planet. Theoretically, the planet can sustain liquid water on its surface and maintain life comparable to that on Earth based on the planet’s atmospheric conditions. The planet is predicted to have temperatures between −37 to −11 °C, which allows the existence of liquid water. Figure 3 also illustrates that Gliese 581 G is reflected as a Super Earth because it has a mass of about 2.2 times the mass of Earth. It can be seen that the planet is believed to have similar proportions of land and water. It is nearest in mass to Earth identified in a habitable zone. These characteristics have made Gliese 581 G one

much a star wobbles or goes around the centre of gravity of the exoplanet and star, the violent wobbles must conclude that 51 Pegasi b is a Jupiter sized exoplanet. Hd209458 b is also a Jupiter sized exoplanet, which may have been determined using the calculation or the wobble method, having similar affects to its host stars light spectrum as 51 Pegasi b has on its host star. Astronomers are unsure whether the exoplanet named Kepler 22b is a larger Earth or more of a mini Neptune, as it is boarder line between a rocky planet and a gas dwarf.

When Pluto is close to the sun in its orbit, the warmth from the sun heats up the frozen ices of nitrogen, methane and carbon monoxide on Pluto’s surface. The ices vaporize and a temporary atmosphere forms. When Pluto gets far away from the sun, the atmosphere freezes and falls back on Pluto’s surface. Pluto is too cold for liquid water. Any water on Pluto is ice. Pluto is so cold that even gases such as carbon monoxide, methane, and nitrogen exist as frozen solids. There is no liquid on Pluto’s surface, it is way too cold for that. There is a small possibility that beneath Pluto’s icy surface, there is a small liquid ocean where things are somewhat warmer.

Terrestrial planets are planets composed mostly of silicate rocks, or metals. They are the inner planets closest to the Sun. The Terrestrial planets are Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars. The Jovian planets are planets that orbit far from the Sun, and they have no solid surface. Unlike Terrestrial planets, Jovian planets are composed of gases, like hydrogen and helium. They are also much larger than Terrestrial planets. The Jovian planets are Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. Lastly Dwarf planets are celestial bodies that are like planets. They are not classified as a planet because they lack the criteria to be a planet. Unlike other planets, who have a clear path of orbit around the Sun, Dwarf planets do not have a clear path. They deal with

However, using a novel processing technique to analyze images by the WFC3, the team was able to produce a spectrum, which allows the researchers to determine its chemical makeup. 55 Cancri e’s discovery was described first by containing hydrogen and helium, with small amounts of hydrogen cyanide, indicating a carbon rich atmosphere. This would mean that the exoplanet was very poisonous and a high indicator of high ratio of carbon to oxygen. This was indicated by WFC3 and NASA’s earth-orbiting Hubble Space Telescope to scan images and measure wavelengths. Second, the study discusses a new way to study super earths, opening a whole new field of research by looking at the atmosphere it gives information on how the planet was formed by looking at its information by and how it evolved. Newly pressed technique to diagnose the first Super Earth supported that the theory is carbon rich. 55 Cancri was not a habitable planet because of this quality of dryness, supplying no water vapour containing hydrogen and helium, and hydrogen

The first exoplanet found, Peg 51 b, challenged the then present theory of giant planet formation. Models of giant planet formation stated that Jupiter-like planets form at distances of 4-5 AU, AU being the distance from

Spitzer map reveals extreme temperature fluctuations from either side of a planet which suggests Lava flow. Observations from the Spitzer Telescope has led to the first temperature map of a super earth planet. This super earth, is rocky and about twice as big as our earth. These finding say that the planet has hot nights and even hotter days. This finding concludes that the heat is not efficiently transferred on the planet. Even further this shows that there could be an atmosphere that would exist only on the day side of the planet, or by lava flows. The super-earth 55 is Cancri e is about 40 light years away. It orbit close to its star, going around it in only 18 hours.

Earth is the perfect habitable planet on our solar system right now. For it has right distance from the Sun in which it gets a perfect temperature. It has a magnetic field that protects the planet form the harmful radiation. Earth is also kept warm by an insulating atmosphere, and it possessed the perfect chemical ingredients that is necessary for life

A group of astronomers at the University of Washington’s Virtual Planetary Laboratory has discovered a way to rank planets according to habitability, which had never been done before outside of our own solar system.

To juxtapose this argument made by the REH, the next key factor is something called the “habitable zone.” The habitable zone is defined as a region within which Earth-like planets might possess the moderate environmental conditions for advanced life to form (von Bloh). Many of these new planets discovered are gas giants with atmospheres too turbulent to support life, so these planets’ habitable zone is said to be “low or nonexistent.” The existence of Earth-like planets, however, is just as common as the existence of these extreme planets. Traits of the habitable zone, such as a carbon-silicate cycle, solar luminosity, and plate tectonics, were analyzed for 200 different possible Earth-like planets in Franck, von Bloh, and Bounama’s research.

Dad, I know you have been interested in how astronomers are able to detect planets that orbit stars other than the Sun (called exoplanets), since recently astronomers detected seven earth-sized planets orbiting a star that is 40 light years away. In my astronomy class, we learned the three techniques astronomers use to detect exoplanets. The first two techniques are an indirect method and the third one is a direct method. The direct method is by taking a picture of the exoplanet. The direct detection of an extrasolar planet means measuring light from the planet itself. With this technique astronomers are able to find out what the planet is really like and be able to identify the signs of life.