Extended Credit Facility (ECF) provides sustained economic aid engagement over the medium to long term, in case of protracted balance of payments problems. It offers flexibility on program extensions, the timing of structural reforms, and formal poverty reduction strategy document requirements. ECF aims to move countries toward stable macroeconomic growth and reduce poverty. ECF programs last three to five years with zero interest and high flexibility on repayment. As a result, this program is ideal for countries with severe balance of payments issues. Since the end of the Guatemalan Civil War, Guatemala has recovered from its extreme balance of payments deficit and is experiencing a growing economy through increased exports and production. While poverty is still an issue in the country, emphasis must be placed on the distribution of wealth and the efficiency of government, instead of programs like ECF which attempt to catalyze foreign direct investment. Guatemala is relatively stable and thus not a candidate for ECF.
Standby Credit Facility (SCF) targets countries that do not face prolonged balance of payments problems but which may need help from time to time. SCF provides flexible support to developing and poor nations with short-term financing and adjustment needs caused by domestic or external shocks, or policy slippages. SCF is the best option for Guatemala. The nation does not face a balance of payments crisis and is relatively developed already. Short term
The South America has evolved as the one of the most dynamic region of the world so much development taking place. In 2005 Latin American economies managed to grow at average of 5.5% while inflation is in single digit which shows that it has created the economic prerequisites to deal with the aforementioned problems.
In the film “The Royal Tenenbaums” by Wes Anderson, the idea of unfilled childhood and unreached potential in children is a common theme throughout the film. This theme can be seen in the mise en scene of the shots. The theme of unfilled childhood and unreached potential was more evident in Chas than in the other Tenenbaum children due to his grudges he held on as a child. Some examples of this are when Chas is arguing with Royal in the closet, when Chas storms up the stairs after talking to Royal, and when Chas is by Royals death bed. In the shot of Chas arguing with Royal in the closet, Chas wore his signature tracksuit.
U.S. vs Guatemala You might believe that the United States is the best country there is, because it is the only country you got to know. But what about all of the other countries that you don’t ever think about? One of the countries that probably never crosses your mind is Guatemala. After doing so much research on this beautiful country, I have found that there are a lot of differences between the United States and Guatemala.
The data from the World Bank also indicates that Guatemala experienced a rapid growth of economy from 2005 to 2007. The world financial crisis affected this country a lot, making the real GDP growth drop to 0.5% in 2009 from 6.3% in 2007. After 2009, Guatemala has been struggled to recover from crisis. Although the real GDP growth in 2011 reached 4.2%, it dropped again to 3.0% in 2012. It is estimated that it will drop again to 3.4% in 2014 from 3.7% in 2013.
Guatemala is the key trade partner of the United States, El Salvador, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Panama are other major trading partners. Between 2008 – 2009 total exports have decreased from $17,848 billion, to $6,768 billion. While imports are estimated to have declined from 13.42 billion dollars in 2008 to 10.91 billion dollars in 2009. Even though Guatemala tries to expand its manufacturing activities to reduce economic dependence on agriculture. The agricultural sector is a major contestant of Guatemala’s import, export
The central american nation, El Salvador, holds a rising economic status, currently sitting at 66th in the world a much welcomed state when compared to their standings in 1980 during their civil war. El Salvador’s regionally ranked 16th, with the population of 6.4 million people rising at a rate 2.4% and the 5 year compound growth population of 2.1% ,the GDP is $52.9 Billion. A great influencer in the establishment of tourism is the amount of public spending. El Salvador is a very culturally rich nation, but similar to the United States some of its regions suffer from gang related violence. The adoption rate of technology in El Salvador is much slower than that in america, but that can be changed with investments in
Guatemala is a beautiful country that is known for its many Mayan cites, rich culture and its wide rainforest. The country has volcanos, delicious foods and a wonderful atmosphere that make for a rich tourist attraction. But the country has a history that isn’t as wonderful as I have made it sound. This country has endured a very tragic Civil War that started in 1960 and ended in 1996. This 36 year war was devastating to this country because of the many deaths that had happened and because of all of the tragic moments that happened within the span of the war. The Guatemalan Civil War was one of the many acts of genocide that have happened all around the world but even though there were many tragedies this country has developed past it and become the beautiful
Since 1992 the El Salvadorian economy has been trying to recover from a bitter war that left many wounds open. Between 1991 and 2002 poverty levels in the country declined significantly and many social advances were seen as school enrolment and access to health and water services increased. Therefore someone can assume that since the traumatic civil
Over 75 years later, we still do not have the freedoms President Roosevelt wished upon us. A specific freedom that still does not exist is “economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants.” There are still dozens of poverty stricken countries, known as Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC). These are countries that have a national debt that is unmanageable with traditional manners alone. The good news is that the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries Initiative began in 1996 to address this issue. The World Bank, the International Monetary Fund (IMC), and other creditors teamed up to reduce the debt of 36 countries that met strict criteria.
With little to no economic activity, an extremely unstable government, natural disaster, and constant emigration Guatemala has faced a large amount of challenges. One of the largest challenges in Latin Americas history being the brutal 36 year Guatemalan Civil War that tore apart the country. Leaving over 200,000 dead, 200,000 in refugee camps, and the nation in extreme poverty.
Guatemala is a particularly large country in South America. The country’s terrain is dominated by mountains with narrow coastal plains, limestone plateaus, and volcanoes and jungles. The current population of Guatemala is 17,033,253 as of November 2017, according to the latest United Nations estimates (Guatemala Population (LIVE), 2017). The capital of the country is Guatemala City. For the past years, the politicians have been extremely corrupt. In 2016, Jimmy Morales had won the Guatemalan election to become the new president. His campaign slogan was “neither corrupt not a thief”. Because the people of Guatemala were beyond ready for a change in leadership, he won by a landslide. At the start of his term, people loved him and he seemed to be a great guy. He was a former comedian and not a politician so the people loved him. Unfortunately,
3. Part of the reason the World Bank’s standard Structural Adjustment Policies has been counterproductive partially because of unfortunate timing. Reduce government spending caused a recessionary effect, decreasing demand and increasing unemployment hurt nations. Strict monetary policy raised interest rates and helped to further suffocate investment demand and access to capital for poor farmers and low-income entrepreneurs. Currency devaluation did make exports cheaper but at a time when export markets for primary goods were oversupplied and prices were falling. Import cost also rose making it more expensive for domestic producers to obtain new technology and replacement parts. In addition, privatization of government enterprises also increased efficiency, which was accompanied by downsizing, which resulted in unemployment for thousands of the middle class. At this time the reductions in
Harvard Business School’s Case Study “Aid, Debt Relief, and Trade: An agenda for fighting World Poverty” outlines the steps, and missteps, that the world community has taken since World War II to address the efficacy of international assistance. The study focuses on international financial institutions (IFIs) and their ability to help poor nations break out of poverty and the possible obligations of rich, developed countries to assist the heavily indebted poor countries (HIPCs). Additionally, the study seeks to see if this assistance has been and can be parlayed into growth and investment for the HIPCs.
International banks have made risky loans all over the world because they knew that if trouble arose, the fund would step in to resolve the situation – as it has done in the past. The IMF has played a critical role in many of the epochal events in the 1990’s. The IMF lent 18 billion dollars to Mexico in 1994, after the peso collapsed. It gave Russia over 10 billion dollars in 1999. The IMF has helped drive inflation from 1,000 percent a year down to a tolerable 10 percent a year, thanks to Russia listening to what the IMF said and doing as they suggested. It has given Indonesia 10 billion dollars, and has helped Indonesia demonopolize industries. It gave 4 billion to Thailand, which was the epicenter of the East Asian Crisis. The IMF helped closed dozens of reckless banks. True, the IMF did many little things wrong, however, it did the important ones right. The Philippines is a prime example on how effectively the IMF can work. For years, Filipinos suffered the weaknesses of economic and business policies. Under the tutelage of the International Monetary Fund for nearly 30 years, and especially during the past decade, they faced up to their problems. Many sectors of their society suffered greatly, and some complained loudly. However, they persisted and, with the help of the IMF and the courage of the Philippine people, they exited from the IMF program. How did they do this? They assembled one of the best economic
Most of the developing countries are mired deeply in economical obstacles, which prevent them from development significantly. In order to overcome those embarrassments world’s society struggles to find the efficient solution for poor countries’ economies. Historically, developed countries undertook policy of giving aid to their colonies, afterwards by the end of The Second World War the United States and United Nations embarked the global sponsorship to the developing countries and countries of the Third World due to humanitarian considerations. Since then many other countries have joined in the effort to provide financial aid to lesser developed or poverty ridden countries. But none of those countries that received an aid had experienced a prosperity phase and rapid economic growth.