Ezra-Nehemiah

The members of the Council of Trent realized the unfair abuses of the church, and called for reform. In this way, they were protecting themselves against criticism from Protestant reformers. A drastic reform of monastic orders was launched. The council acted against the abuse of indulgences while still upholding the principle. This meant that indulgences could not just be sold; indulgences were granted when an individual did something truly good. Also, bishops were to reside in their respective dioceses and attend more carefully to their duties, exercising more control over clergy. Pluralism was checked and steps were taken to make sure church officials were eligible for the job. In order to have an educated clergy, the council ordered that a seminary be set up in each diocese for priest training. More careful steps were to be taken to ensure the celibacy of clergy. The Council of Trent was able to eliminate many abuses of the

And lastly, in Book II, chapter 16 we see a follow up of King Edwin’s conversion to Christianity and the positive effects is had on his reign, “It is reported that there was then such perfect peace in Britain, wheresoever the dominion of King Edwin extended, that, as is still proverbially said, a woman with her newborn babe might walk throughout the island, from sea to sea, without receiving any harm…that king took such care for the good of his nation.”(Bede 88) Bede’s observance of the peaceful nature of rulers such as Edwin and their conversion to Christianity is important because we can see similar values travel from ruler to ruler, which is important because it shows how values are passed down over time and how they are capable of having an impact on large groups of people, especially when people are taking on the task of accepting a new religion. And these examples

The needs and wants of the masses were not taken into consideration. In this essay I am going to look at England pre-reformation and reach my own opinion of whether or not England was actually in need of a reformation in 1529.

The Voices of Morebath is a book by Eamon Duffy about the small parish of Morebath in England during the time of the Reformation. His book is a microhistory, focusing solely on a very small and specific area in time and space. This book, like all microhistories, seeks to help the reader understand a larger area of history by showing a great amount of detail about one specific area. It helps the reader come to terms with normal daily life, and gives a more personable feeling to the history rather than cold faceless facts and statistics. In this essay I will explain first the basic everyday life of Morebath and its inhabitants. I will then look into how specifically this parish evolved during the

Towards the end of the Middle Ages and into the duration of the Renaissance, the Medieval Church’s social and political power dwindled. Centuries prior the Catholic Church gained a surplus of control, largely due to the stability it maintained during the chaotic breakdown of the Western Roman Empire . Yet toward the end of the Middle Ages the Church set in motion factors that would ultimately lead to its downfall as the definitive figure of authority. However, despite political and social controversy surrounding the church, the institutions it established cleared a path for a new way of thinking, shaping society in an enduring way.

A main focus of this idea is with cultural, The church a powerful influence to the people in the middle age, especially the serf due to their quality of life. The peasants not having much in their current lives or much hope in the future, now have this new hope that is equal for everyone. This idea gave the church a lot power in the Middle Ages,”The most powerful unifying institution”(Doc 3). Therefore, the church had a strong political presents and well as a strong cultural influence as it often does now and again. Now exploring something that isn’t fully known it could be assumed that the church at the time was not a cause for a lot of trading.

The short yet significant reign of Edward bought with it a series of severe changes to England and all those within it, many of them taking a religious nature. As the once unquestionable authority of the church became challenged by both critics and affiliates alike, England witnessed an almost inevitable reformation. However, the impact on the majority was not necessarily beneficial- as Duffy wrote, the Reformation bought with it an ‘assault on traditional religion’, leaving many men that ‘breathed easier for the accession of a Catholic queen’.

We being much separated from other parts of the province, and having comparatively but little intercourse with them, have from the beginning till now, always managed our ecclesiastical affairs within ourselves: ‘tis the way in which the country, from its infancy, has gone on, by the practical agreement of all. . . . (58)

During the time the Black Death swept Western Europe, questions of who’s authority was supreme to the land arouse. “Disaffection with the church, or the thought that it might be not be true or the only way to salvation, spread in all ranks of society. It was not only kings who disputed the claims of the clergy. Obscure parish priests, close to the distress of ordinary people, began to doubt the power of their ecclesiastical superiors” (p. 47 of “Disasters of the Fourteenth Century” Handout). Theologians across Europe set forth ideals for a church to hold councils to in order to constitute the ideals of the entire Christian population. “John of Paris in his (On Royal and Papal Power) agreed that a general council could depose the pope on the grounds that it

Looking back, we can see glimpses of the lives of those who lived in the Ancient Near East, known as the ANE, through their stories and myths that have survived over centuries of time. Many of these stories contain unique elements that make each one personal to the civilization that they belong to, but there are common themes and ideas that are virtually shared between the traditional stories stemming from this region of the world. In fact, these parallels even extend into Old Testament literature; laced within the stories that we’ve come to know and love. It is not surprising that the Old Testament contains similarities found within ANE tradition, seeing that

He fails to consider the changing religious aspects sweeping both Europe and England and undermining his own power. Though England separated from the Catholic Church during the reign of Henry VIII, a hundred years before, and many local leaders, both religious and civil, are calling for reform and purification. 17th century England is the appropriate setting in which to dramatize the

In the 1400s, Europe had been left in devastation from the aftermath of the black plague. This had left Europe in major religious, social and economic upheavals. Orphans, theft, intoxication, prostitution, brutality and misuse of powerful by important figures were very common. Education was unavailable to anyone without enough money to pay for it, creating an extremely large gap and social division between the classes. Church services and the bible were spoken and written in Latin, resulting in the majority of the common people being unable to understand the true meaning behind the words. As People were unable to read the bible, the only way to connect with God was through church services. Priests and Monks had several different jobs and often refused to help peasants when they asked for it, generating mistrust between the clergy and lay people.

Due to the long and well established history of Israelites struggling to remain faithful to the God of Israel due to the influence of other religions within their midst, Ezra and Nehemiah chose to ban marriage to non-Jewish women (Tullock & McEntire, 2006, p. 202, 205). Dating as far back as the Israelites worshiping a golden calf while Moses was atop Mount Sinai, to the Israelites frequent dalliances with Baalism while in the Promise Land (Holy Bible, 2011, Exodus 32:1-8 and Tullock & McEntire, 2006, p. 161). The Israelites demonstrated a proclivity for straying from God’s law and serving other gods. Moreover, this propensity for serving other gods was most prevalent among the Israelite Kings, which were often influenced by their foreign wives and concubines (Tullock & McEntire, 2006, p. 147, 157).

Since the BC era, people have believed they are safe from harm. King Nebuchadnezzar II of Babylon felt secure behind the walls that surrounded his city. He’d often feast while the Persian army tried to destroy his city. The Persians once entered by wading along the riverbed that ran into the city.  King Nebuchadnezzar II didn’t think that his city’s water supply would become a threat to his kingdom (Shenk, 2013). The river caused a weakness among the city and the Persians were able to find it. King Nebuchadnezzar II had paid for this mistake and was killed by the Persians. Technology has it’s own walls to protect it from harm. We create layers of security, such as antiviruses to protect it from harm. Unfortunately, there are weaknesses just like Babylon had.

There is not a single work along English History that could have been more determinant and indispensable than Bede's Ecclesiastical History. By describing the story of the English people through their experience of Christianity he became our intermediary with the world of Anglo-Saxon England and their believes. Therefore, in what follows an attempt will be made to describe the main contributions of Bede's Ecclesiastical History as a source for early English history.