Federalist No. 10 Analysis

Madison’s primary focus throughout the beginning of this paper is factions. He holds a deep disdain for them as he thinks that they solely focus on themselves, while hurting other Americans, which is evident in this quote, (“…united and actuated by some common impulse of passion, or of interest, adversed to the rights of other citizens, or to the

In “Federalist #10”, Madison describes the dangerous effects that factions can have on Republican government and on its people. Madison defines a faction as a group of citizens who unite under a shared cause, and work against other groups in order to achieve their means. Their means of achieving their goals may achieve adverse effects upon the rights of other citizens. Put in more modern terms, a faction could be reasonably compared to a special-interest group. The sort of faction that most endangers the liberty inherent in United States society are factions that contain a majority of the whole. The weakness of a popular government is its susceptibility to the effects of factions. However, a well-constructed Union provides numerous

James Madison wrote The Federalist No. 10 to inform the people about the problems and possible solutions for the formation of factions. Through multiple statements concerning the dangers of factions and the benefits of a republic, Madison’s major argument was in favor of the United States Constitution. Madison defined a faction as "A number of citizens, whether amounting to a minority or majority of the whole, who are united and actuated by some common impulse of passion or interest, adverse to the rights of other citizens or to the permanent and aggregate interests of the community." (Madison p. 1) Factions can be compared to the modern day lobby group; or as groups of people with a common self-interest. These groups are only involved for

It all started with the Declaration of Independence. Under British rule, the 13 American colonies were incredibly displeased with the governing of the king and his tyranny. Consequently, Thomas Jefferson and a group of four other men (Benjamin Franklin, Roger Sherman, Robert R. Livingston and John Adams) gathered to compose a document declaring the colonies’ independence from Britain. The Declaration states that everyone is born with a set of natural rights, or rights that a person is born with and cannot be taken away by the government, and if any government infringes upon these rights, the people have the right to “alter or abolish it”. These words became the basis of Republican Ideals, or standards the people

What Madison is saying is that factions are going to be in a society no matter what. People are going to have different opinions. Factions are always going to exist, and no matter what, the government cannot remove factions because if they do then they are eliminating peoples rights. The constitution protects against this. ?Liberty is to faction, what air is to fire, an aliment without which it instantly expires. But it could not be a less folly to abolish liberty, which is essential to political life, because it nourishes faction, than it would be to wish the annihilation of air, which is essential to animal life, because it imparts to fire its destructive agency.? This is one reason that the Americans had success (Ziegler 216).

The only way to manage faction is to remove its causes and to control its effects. By removing its causes Madison believes that liberty will be destroyed, or that by giving every citizen the same opinions, passions, and interests, would be impossible because people can never all be the same. Madison wanted the United States to be a republic, a form of democracy in which power is vested in representatives, so there will be a greater number of citizens represented and we will also be able to have more control over the factions effects.

In the Federalist No. 54, James Madison states that only three-fifths of the total number of slaves in a State should be counted when determining the number of representatives in the House of Representatives from that State. Madison presents several reasons for counting slaves as three-fifths of a person, he says that the laws consider slaves as property and persons. He adds on that the southern states would think its unfair to include slaves in calculating tax burdens but not in counting the number of representatives apportioned to the states. The Author’s purpose is for both southern and northern states to come into an agreement in order to pass a constitution acceptable to all states. Madison seeks to liberate himself from any responsibility

Madison wrote the Federalist Paper 51 presenting and explaining how a branch of government with too much power can become tyrannical, but, if we have them separated, it can protect the liberty. Each branch (legislative, executive and judiciary) should be independent, not having power to interfere in the other two branches, making the citizens the one who are gonna elect their representatives in each branch through elections. Madison claims, "It is of great importance in a republic not only to guard the society against the oppression of its rulers, but to guard one part of the society against the injustice of the other part. Different interests necessarily exist in different classes of citizens. If a majority be united by a common interest, the rights of the minority will be insecure”. It shows the benefits of these factors, discussing how each branch would protect liberty, especially to the minority parties.

In Federalist 10, Madison defines a faction as “a number of citizens…who are united and actuated by some common impulse of passion, or of interest, adverse to the rights of other citizens, or to the permanent and aggregate interests of the community” (168). Essentially, Madison believes that factions are groups of people that contribute to the detriment of the common good. Madison believed in the notion of public interest, or of the idea that the government should act in ways that benefit the general population. Madison argues that factions never contribute in favor of public interest because they are

The Federalist Papers are a series of 85 essays arguing in support of the United States Constitution.

The Federalist Papers Number 10 is written by James Madison and explains the necessity of the Constitution to protect our country from factions. A faction is “a number of citizens, whether amounting to a majority or minority of the whole, who are united and actuated by some common impulse of passion or of interest, adverse to the rights of other citizens, or to the permanent aggregate interests of the community (Publius, 72).” Publius states that there are two ways to get rid of factions. The first way to eliminate a faction is to take the Liberty away from all of the people in the faction. The other way to cure a faction is to give everyone the same opinion. Both of this solutions are not possible

In addition, Madison defined that a faction is an amount of people, whether a popular or smaller, who are combined and motivated by nearly mutual compulsion of desire, or of attention, opposing to the privileges of further residents, or to the durable and collective benefits of the public. Also he explained why the Framers took a representative democracy, a republic, slightly than a clean, straight, democracy as the system of government for our new population. He defined a "pure democracy" as "a culture involving of a lesser quantity of nations, who gather and direct the rule in individual."

One of the biggest sources that factions come from are from the distribution of land. There are two main ones, those with lots and land and those with little land. Even though these groups conflict, the government is obliged to guard the interests of each group. Madison stated two ways to control factions, which were to remove its causes and controlling its effect. Madison says next that he worries about corruption of members of the new government, but says it is less likely because representative will be chosen by a large population. He also discusses the differences between a republic and a democracy, along with that the main goal of the Constitution is to make all 13 states secure from threats and invasion.

The Federalist Paper #18 was written by James Madison, also know as the Father of the Constitution, who was the 4th president of the United States and contributed to multiple documents in history. For example, he established the democratic-republican party, initiated the War of 1812, co-signed for the Federalist Paper, and sponsored the US Bill of Rights (James Madison). He was an extravagant leader and is greatly known for all of his great accomplishments. Federalist paper 18 establishes how when the national government does not have power, it therefore becomes weak.

After the formation of Virginia Assembly in 1776, Jefferson drafted a constitution which was received and dismissed on the grounds of arriving at a fuller consensus on policy decisions (Hofstadter). However, he worked closely with James Madison in setting proposals of creating greater freedoms and opportunities for male Europeans that were less privileged. He also helped abolish two long-standing traditions that only required inheritance to be directed to a single heir. Further, he made immigration less complicated which facilitated more families moving and settling along the frontier. 1.