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Foils In Hamlet

Decent Essays

Characterization is a critical component of William Shakespeare’s writing and is intricately developed in his play Hamlet. As the protagonist, Hamlet deals with the tragedy of his father’s death, and vows to get revenge when the ghost of his late father informs him the murderer was his Uncle, King Claudius, currently married to his mother, Queen Gertrude. Although Hamlet appears to be set on his deadly vengeance, his indecisiveness and major flaw of procrastination becomes evident when compared to his foils in the play, Prince Fortinbras and Laertes. The literary significance of a foil is to highlight a key component of the protagonist’s character through comparison. Prince Fortinbras and Laertes take action to avenge the death of their fathers, …show more content…

In his soliloquy, Hamlet expresses his feelings as he witnesses an “army of such mass and charge, led by a delicate and tender prince... to all that fortune, death, and danger dare, even for an eggshell...How stand I then that have a father kill'd, a mother stained...and let all sleep” (4.4.47-53). Hamlet verges on jealousy towards Prince Fortinbras for his ability to use his anger to achieve his goals and accomplish whatever is necessary, even if it means exploiting the lives of innocent people. Shakespeare’s use of alliteration with “death and danger dare” provides a lyrical aspect to Hamlet's soliloquy and aids his flow of ideas for the purpose of keeping the audience engaged in Hamlet’s personal struggle. Shakespeare also provides an understatement comparing Prince Fortinbras’ motivation to an ‘eggshell’ which is meant to portray it as insignificant compared to the superfluous motivation Hamlet has to avenge his father. This realization allows Hamlet to swear his “thoughts be bloody, or be nothing worth” (4.4.66). Hamlet recognizes Prince Fortinbras as his own foil and undergoes an epiphany to take action regardless of the consequences once he does so. Hamlet swears to allow only bloody thoughts because Prince Fortinbras highlighted his own flaw of over thinking to himself. Not only is Prince Fortinbras a foil to Hamlet, but Laertes also aids the …show more content…

These three characters have massive similarities when it comes to the circumstances they are placed in, yet their unique personalities lead them to take very different actions. Hamlet and Laertes share rage over their individual losses, Hamlet surpasses Prince Fortinbras in motivation and justification for revenge, yet only Prince Fortinbras and Laertes are able to take action unconditionally to avenge their fathers. In the play, Hamlet has many chances to avenge his father's death by killing his uncle, but he fails to do so until the very last moment. While Hamlet could have killed King Claudius by simply poisoning his food, he went to the extent of maintaining an antic disposition, playing with Ophelia’s heart, lashing out at his mother, and killing an innocent ‘fool’ (Polonius) eventually ending in his own death. Although he ultimately achieves his goal by killing King Claudius, Hamlet subconsciously initiates more problems than are necessary. As the protagonist, Hamlet has a very complex character developed by Shakespeare through the use of literary foils. Prince Fortinbras and Laertes are extremely critical to the play since they offer insight into the cause of Hamlet's downward spiral. Without literary foils to draw attention to Hamlet’s internal weakness, it would be difficult for the audience to determine

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