Commercials on television for superheroes always had them men doing the saving and then the women needing to be saved. The very few “girl superheroes” that were well known were Wonder Woman, Super Girl and Storm. However, in anime there are a bunch of girls fighting to save the world and saving the men. Sailor Moon is on top of the list when it comes to girl power, being released in 1992, and Sailor Moon Crystal was released in 2014. Sailor moon was seen by some critics as sexualized, but others argue that it isn’t as bad as some of the other animes that were released after Sailor Moon. Girl superheroes in anime were a mix of being sexy and cute, and the sexy in Sailor Moon was just a bunch of short skirts, high heels, and a small amount of cleavage. Sailor Moon challenged the norms in Japan when it came to gender roles, sexual orientation and presentation of womanhood.
At an early age, girls were pushed to follow gender roles especially when it was in the early 1990s. It was something different to see on the television screens girls fighting and challenging gender roles. In Sailor Moon, the audience witness a reverse role with the girls being the heroes, even though the male character Tuxedo Mask can also be a hero, his role was minimal because it was the sailor scouts that did most, if not all of the work. Victoria Newsom in her critical essay said
“Historically, like almost every culture on the planet, Japan has tended toward idealizing male dominance and female
Hidden beneath obvious stereotypes, there are ideas of power, as well as patriarchal norms and male gaze theory. Also touched upon is the self-identity,
This dichotomy reinforces the orientalist notion of the West as male and the East as the female.
The woman’s role in society had many changes during the era of WWII to the baby boom era. It went from the strong independent woman that can work in a factory to a house wife that takes care of the family to the final slightly dominant, but still dependent female. All of these different feminine mystiques were changed because of society and through indirect propaganda in TV shows and
Cultural beliefs about sex and gender determine how they are translated into patterns of behavior.
The primary source that I have chosen to analyze is a scene from the movie Grease. This movie was released in June of 1978 and is about a so-called good girl named Sandy falling in love with bad boy greaser Danny over the summer. Once it’s time for class to be back in session, they find out they attend the same high school and challenges face them as to how they can rekindle their prior romance with the eyes of their friends focused on them. Sandy is the typical good girl who obeys the rules and does what she is told. She falls in love with Danny who is a polar opposite to her. So instead of the typical movie ending where the bad boy turns into a good guy for the girl he is in love with, the writers threw in a plot twist and it ends up being Sandy who changes the most. She alters from a goody two shoes into a “hot and sexy bad girl” as co-creator Jim Jacobs states in an interview about the meaning to the ending of the film. I think that this movie is a prime example of the way gender roles have been visualized among society for a very long time. Additionally, it also doubles as an example as to how gender roles have changed as well throughout the decades that have passed by.
The external environment often shapes culture. Some of the traits that the authors describe as "masculine" or
It is important to teach children about gender roles since it is something that society holds in regards, but most of the time in literature it is done unequally. The portrayal of gender in literature is based off of the expectations of society and places bias on gender. Boys are portrayed as strong, adventurous, independent and capable and often play the roles of fighters, adventurers and rescuers. Girls are portrayed as sweet, naïve, dependent, sensitive and emotional and play roles such as caretakers, princesses and mothers. The roles of gender portrayed in literature are often a reflection of the views of society and do not offer objective insight. Even though it is important to teach children about gender roles, the fashion in which it is done in does not allow children to see beyond those expectations. If a young girl is constantly read stories about a woman’s role as a housewife, homemaker and mother, she will assume that’s what is expected of her and will not know society will allow her to be anything she wants to be.
The ideology of Hegemonic Femininity is encouraged. Hegemonic Femininity is a “emphasized femininity” that expresses women in the stereotypes
This showed girls that the man was more important and that they had to hide in the mans shadow per say. Pollitt had said that “Little girls learn to split their consciousness, filtering their dreams and ambitions through boy characters while admiring the clothes of the princess” (Pollitt, 1991) and this was correct. Ken was always the one who had an important job. These jobs included but were not limited to a doctor, rockstar and professional tennis player. The fact that he was in the Army, also showed us that men are more powerful then women”. Pollitt had said that “Boys define the group, its story and its code of values. Girls exist only in relation to boys” (Pollitt, 1991) and she was right. It is shown a great deal in the TV show between Barbie and Ken. Due to the fact that little girls do not know any better, they accepted this as the norm. They thought that in order to be perceived as perfect and accepted into society, they had to demonstrate the same characteristics and physical features as Barbie did. Not only this, but they begin to think that they are not superior to men. Children's minds are shaped at a very young age and will continue to carry this with them for the rest of their lives. Once a child has their mindset that this is how they must act and present themselves, they will continue to do that for years to come.
Although knowing that they are allowed to go to school, to go to places, but none of them really step up to the male characters. The female characters always need a man present whenever another man comes to the house, or they can’t come in (Maracle, 87).
A female super hero with a movie and merchandise is exactly the kind of representation that young girls need. Natasha’s story shows girls that they can be tough and still have their femininity. There are girls that do karate and play soccer and amazingly this doesn't make them any less of a girl, yet at some point during their adolescence they will be told that they need to stop because their muscles “aren’t feminine” or because their bodies are “too fragile”. Natasha gives them someone to point at and say “she fights crime AND looks good”. Natasha teaches girls that you don’t have to pick between strength and
In conclusion, Sailor Moon had the potential for status as a global commodity because of how the anime presented gender characteristics that can accepted in many different nations across cultural
For most society and culture, masculine roles are generally associated with strength, dominance, and aggression, while feminine roles are usually associated with subordination, nurturing, and passivity. Moreover, in media and film, people who are author or director always use idea of gender roles to
On the contrary, of Sailor Moon being seen an positive anime outlet of progression, there are some opinions or concerns about Sailor Moon and other content that argue it should not be praised as such. Most people do not see Sailor Moon empowering woman, but over sexualizing schoolgirls or the matter of having main characters that cries a lot and complains about doing homework is considered annoying. The premise of the story can be argued as childish , yet it reaches audiences on so many levels for the deeper meanings within the anime/manga. Compiling many complaints on the manga in any manga/anime there are going to be people who simply do not like the material or that just do not understand the craze. Another refutable fact, some of the content
Gender socialization and gender roles have always existed in society. When analyzing gender roles, they are not always equal or consistent when comparing cultures, however, the expectations of females and males are often times clearly defined with a little to no common area. The Japanese culture is an example of the defined gender roles that change over time. According to Schafer (2010), because “gender roles are society’s expectations of the proper behavior, attitudes, and activities of males and females”, they must be taught (p.357). These roles define how females and males are viewed in society, their household, and workplace. When examining gender socialization in the Japanese culture, it is important to analyze how gender roles are