Hemingway’s Short Stories of Autobiographical, Immature Males

Ernest Hemingway is among the most unmatched of American authors. In his works, he is often said to focus on gender roles, especially those of men. Hemingway often created characters that showed the characteristics that he believed made a boy into a man. However, these characteristics are not gender-specific, and could very well apply to women as well. This collection of characteristics became the Hemingway Code Hero. The Hemingway Code Hero, more commonly referred to as the Code Hero, was an embodiment of male prowess. Most of Hemingway’s characters failed to live up to this almost impossible standard, however, all of his characters are capable of

In Ernest Hemingway’s short story “The short happy life of Francis Macomber”, we are presented to problems some couples face. One of them being infidelity, although the one guilty of infidelity does not face the consequences you normally would face if you were unfaithful to your spouse. Another problem or theme in this short story is gender roles, the wife wants a husband who is rich, strong and brave. The husband on the other hand just wants a beautiful wife, and maybe also a faithful one too. Initially you get the impression that they are really living up to the expectations, but if you read on you will find out that everything just isn’t like it should be.

In Ernest Hemingway’s short story “ The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber,,” Hemingway uses the author’s craft of perspective along with dialogue and internal dialogue to create a multi-part claim that develops an overall negative characterization of the story’s characters. Hemingway develops the characterization of Margaret, one of the main protagonists, by using multiple perspectives to assure on her character traits of cruel, manipulative, and fearful.

Benson, Jackson, J. The Short Stories of Ernest Hemingway Critical Essays. Durham: Duke University Press, 1975. Print.

Ernest Hemingway grasps the intimacy and authenticity of human relationships, in his book, “In Our Time.” The book consists of short stories following the lives of different individuals. Few of the short stories include The End of Something, Mr. and Mrs. Elliot, Cat in the Rain, and The Doctor and The Doctor’s Wife. Through these short stories, relationships between male and female characters, lack meaningful intimacy. There is a disconnect amongst these couples. Hemingway redefines intimacy and what it means. Intimacy goes beyond sex; it is a bond between individuals. He is depicting two forms of intimacy through his characters. One form of intimacy is emotional intimacy, which is portrayed in the male characters. The other form would be sexual intimacy. Thus, Hemingway is changing our perception of intimacy; it is not only found in male and female relationships, but also in friendships. The bond between the male characters is more meaningful and stronger than the female and male relationships.

Ernest Hemingway, a literary icon of the early twentieth century, challenged the typical lengthy and detailed prose of authors before him by pioneering a stylistic revolution centered around heavy dialogue and minimalistic details. More specifically, “Hemingway used a journalistic style and unadorned prose to capture the everyday lives of men and women caught up in history’s most momentous events,” without wasting pages establishing the setting or background within a work like most authors of the nineteenth century (The Letters… 442). Often, the mood, setting, and emotion within Hemingway’s stories are established through symbolism and constant dialogue. Hemingway expertly implements his unconventional and unique authorial style to convey the disparity in gender communication and perspectives and its effects on relationships in his 1927 short story, Hills Like White Elephants.

He was finally able to participate in World War I as a voluntary ambulance driver for the Red Cross, after repeatedly being rejected because of his damaged eye, caused by his boxing. On July 8, 1918 the nineteen year old was severely injured on the Austro-Italian front and hospitalized in Milan and had an affair with a Red Cross nurse named Agnes Von Kurowsky, who turned down his proposal to marriage. War punctuated Ernest Hemingway’s life and career (Ernest Hemingway 1024). The relationship is said to have formed the basis for one of

In Hemingway’s writing, he is always searching for truth, although, he often looks at the world in a nihilistic way. When reading through the authors’ short-stories or novels, he often refers to nothingness and the meaninglessness of existence. However, he also uses a practical application to repair his existential nihilistic viewpoints. Hemingway’s work is often seen as a representation of himself, and I believe that he used pragmatism as a distraction from the meaninglessness of the world. With suicide being prevalent in his family, I firmly believe that Hemingway himself strived for meaning in life, but eventually opted out because life is chaotic and there are too many unknown answers in the world. Hemingway tried to establish values and morals through pragmatism, but in reality, values are constantly changing and everything is temporary. By looking through a philosophical lens, I will demonstrate how Hemingway uses absurdism, nihilism, and pragmatism as a way to understand and interpret the world. In order to do so, I will look through Hemingway’s short-stories and novels and analyze passages critically to showcase the theories that are present in his work. In order to undertake this grand idea, I will also incorporate biographical elements to display Hemingway’s family history of suicide and to showcase his personal struggle to find meaning in the world.

The setting in which the story takes place emphasizes the relationship of the man and the woman in the story. Hemingway writes:

This story is interesting because throughout the reading you see Ernest Hemingway demonstrate the difference between male and female gender roles. Hemingway’s short story explains the insubstantial, emotional hollowness between a couple when beginning the early stages of their relationship. These emotions seemed to be triggered by an outburst of feelings, due to the discovery of their unexpected pregnancy. The couple’s failure to communicate successfully, allows us to observe the differences amongst gender roles between the couple as they make a choice to abort their unborn child. Within the dialogue male gender roles are linked to male dominance and the female gender roles are being linked to female submissiveness.

The short story “The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber,” by Ernest Hemingway, tells the tale of an African Safari and a man’s journey to becoming courageous. The story focuses on Francis Macomber and his transition from a life of cowardice to a life of courage. Hemingway surrounds Francis with the secondary characters of the story, Margot and Wilson. Margot is Francis’ trophy wife, she believes that her husband is a coward and has little respect for him. Wilson is the classic Hemingway character, he is assertive, good with women, and shows no fear. These three characters exemplify the three types of people that Hemingway believes to exist in this world.

   Ernest Hemingway has been greatly criticized for a supposed hatred of women that some feel is evident in his writings. One of the primary books that critics believe shows this misogynistic attitude is A Farewell To Arms. It is counterproductive to interpret the book using such a narrow focus because the author is dealing with much more profound themes. Hemingway is not concerned with the theme of gender equality, but rather with the greater themes of the inherent struggle of life and the inevitability of death.

Also, Hemingway was considered to be “vitally concerned with re-establishing what he felt were the proper rules of man and women in their relationship to each other” (Fiedler, 305). This is shown in his portrayal of women in

The characters in Hemingway’s stories reveal much about how he feels about men and the role they should play in society. Most of Hemingway’s male characters can be split into one of two groups. The first of which is the “Code” Hero. This is the tough, macho guy who chooses to live his life by following a “code of honor,

In the short story “Indian Camp”, by Ernest Hemingway, many controversies arise about the idea of feminism in the text. Feminism is a general term used to describe advocating women’s rights socially, politically, and making equal rights to those of men. Feminist criticism is looked through a “lens” along the line of gender roles in literature, the value of female characters within the text, and interpreting the perspective from which the text is written. Many of Hemingway’s female characters display anti-feminist attributes due to the role that women play or how they are referred to within a text by him or other characters. There are many assumptions that go along with the