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The Commercial Revolution

“The Moneylender and His Wife,” Quentin Metsys (1514)

AP European History

J.F. Walters (2010)
1

Commercial Revolution: Essential Questions
1. How did developments in the late Middle Ages impact the Commercial Revolution?
2. What contribution did Luca Pacioli make to the Commercial Revolution?
3. What was the nature of banking in the Commercial Revolution?
4. What was a joint-stock company?
5. What was the Domestic System” in England?
6. What was the Price Revolution and what were its results?
7. What were the principles of mercantilism and what impact did it have on economics and politics?
8. In what ways did the Commercial Revolution sow the seeds of capitalism?
9. What was “Tulip Mania …show more content…

As moneylenders, they became immensely wealthy, controlling Spanish customs and extending their power throughout Spain’s overseas empire. Their influence stretched from Rome to Budapest, from Lisbon to Danzig, from Moscow to Chile. In their banking role, they loaned millions of ducats to kings, cardinals and the Holy Roman emperor, financing wars, propping up popes, and underwriting new adventures –– putting up the money, for example, that King Carlos of Spain gave Magellan in commissioning his voyage around the world. In the early sixteenth century the family patriarch was Jakob Fugger II, who first emerged as a powerful figure in 1505, when he secretly bought the crown jewels of Charles the Bold, duke of Burgundy. Jakob first became count in Kirchberg and Weisserhorn; then, in 1514 the emperor Maximilian I
–– der gross Max –– acknowledged the Fuggers’ role as his chief financial supporter for thirty years by making him a hereditary knight of the Holy Roman Empire. In 1516, by negotiating complex loans, Jakob made Henry VIII of England a Fugger ally. It was a tribute to the family’s influence, and to the growth of trade everywhere, that a year later the Church’s Fifth Lateran Council lifted its age-old prohibition of usury.
Source: A World Lit Only by Fire: The Medieval Mind and the Renaissance, William Manchester (Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1992), pp. 48-50.

AP European History • The Commercial

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