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How Does Bilingual Language Processing Work?

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The ability to read a word is not as easy as it seems. In fact, it is a cognitively complex process that it is not only requires that the reader should know its meaning only but also other linguistic aspects. To name a little, reading a given word necessities understanding its meaning, pronunciation, form, relationship to the world such as its sense or reference along with how it is morphologically structured and syntactically functioned. So understanding such processes enable a monolingual reader to properly read and use this given word. But when it comes to reading in two different languages things behave slightly different. Bilinguals so often encounter words that are shared in both of his/her language either phonologically or orthographically such as English-Spanish rich, rico, and English-Dutch monster-monster. This way, cross-language similarities highly increase the complexity level of processing and in turn pose important questions; how does bilingual language processing work? Does it work the same way as L1? If so,
Prior answering such questions, these cross-linguistic similarities have motivated psycholinguists to investigate what is known as cognates. Languages such as English, Dutch and Spanish are so-called Indo-European languages sharing a considerable number of cognates. On the other hand, English, Chinese, Arabic are unrelated languages. In other words, they did not come from a common ancestor language as the case of the previously mentioned languages;

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