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Leonhard Euler 's Life As Well As Some Of His Mathematical And Mathematical Works

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Abstract— This paper is on the Swiss astronomer, physicist, engineer and mathematician Leonhard Euler. Euler made fundamental contributions to the world of mathematics and science. His mathematical studies range from analytic geometry, infinitesimal calculus, graph theory and topology. He introduced many of the notations one uses in today’s modern mathematics. This paper will focus on Leonhard Euler’s life and some of his scientific and mathematical works.

Index Terms—Calculus, Geometry, Leonhard Euler, Number Theory.

Introduction
Leonhard Euler was a Swiss physicist, astronomer and mathematician. Euler is one of the greatest mathematicians of the 18th century. He made great contributions to many areas of mathematics such as geometry, …show more content…

Two of his most famous works are Introductio in analysin infinitorum, a text on functions, and Institutiones calculi differentialis on differential calculus [3].
In 1766, Euler returned to Russia and after an illness, he became entirely blind. Euler had a remarkable memory that he was able to continue with his work on optics, algebra, and lunar motion [5]. By the age of 59, Euler had produced half of his total work despite being blind. Leonhard Euler suffered a brain hemorrhage and died at the age of 76, on September 18, 1783. Fifty years after Euler’s death his work was still being published by the St. Petersburg Academy.

Number Theory
Euler became interested in Number Theory thanks to his friend Christian Goldbach in the St. Petersburg Academy. Euler’s work in number theory included topics such as the study of perfect numbers, the quadratic reciprocity law, the so-called Pell equation, and Fermat’s Last Theorem, to name just a few [1].
In 1735, Euler proved that the sum of the reciprocals of the primes diverges. This problem was known as the Basel problem and Euler’s colleagues, the Bernoulli’s, had attempted the problem but failed to solve it. He also showed that the infinite series was equivalent to an infinite product of prime numbers, an identity that would later inspire Riemann’s investigation of complex Zeta functions [4].
In the upcoming years, Euler developed Euler’s Theorem also known as Fermat-Euler Theorem based on the

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