Luisaldo Mendiola
Professor Price
ENGL 1302 NT6
Research Essay
April 21, 2017
Tradition and the Sheep
A Critical Analysis of Shirley Jackson’s
“The Lottery” Traditions are common part of culture and religion in the world today; almost everyone has a tradition that they follow. The traditions you practice can be new and only just have started with your generation or the generation before yours. The traditions could also have been old, spanning many generations before your generation and your parents’ generation. Some traditions could be small and last for a few generations; an example of this would be like a yearly family cookout. One would invite their families to their house or local park to have fun and eat. It could be something small
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But lurking behind him, Mr. Graves quietly assists, his name hinting at a dark undertone” (Griffin par. 3). The black box that is used for the lottery is another symbol because it symbolizes a condition of the village, “The black box is a physical manifestation of the villagers ' connection to tradition” (Shmoop Editorial Team par. 1) This is due to how it is rumored that the current black box was made with parts of the old black box, “there was a story that the present box had been made with some pieces of the box that had preceded it,” (Jackson 140). The description of the box and the rumor of it being made of the old box are a symbol of the town’s current lottery. The new box represents the current lottery and the old box represent the lottery when it started. The old parts of the box that were used to create the new box are a symbol of the lottery prize, while the reason for the lottery existing stays with the old box. “The Lottery” is told in third person and does not tell the audience much about what the lottery prize is, hence the reader is left clueless throughout much of the story on what the prize is. This is where Jackson uses foreshadowing to give hints on what the prize might be but the readers will not know until the end of the story. The first hint that Jackson gives the audience is, “Bobby Martin had already stuffed his pockets full of stones”
The black box represents virtually the only part of the original ritual that has been preserved since the lottery began. It is there not only to hold the papers that will be drawn, but also to represent to
Jackson does not reveal the unethical and violent nature of the lottery until the very end, where the reader loses their earlier presumptions about an innocent lottery. Therefore, foreshadowing and suspense becomes a very large force in the story until the ending, and Jackson gives many hints to the reader. At the beginning of the story, children are found stuffing their pockets full and making towering piles of stones. Readers may brush this off as ordinary play of children, but in fact, it has a cruel purpose near the story’s end. Another area of foreshadowing is when Mr. Summers, the lottery’s organizer, asks the Watson boy to draw for him and his mother. Mr. Watson is not mentioned, like the other male head of households who pick for their families, so it can be assumed that Mr. Watson lost his life during the previous years’ lottery. All of this shows the juxtaposition between the seemingly everyday activities of the town and the cruel nature of what actually happens that day.
Symbolically the battered black box represents the death that it brings to the community as well as a worn out tradition. The box is mentioned repeatedly throughout the story, which is a sign of its importance, although we are kept in the dark about its ultimate function until the very end. It is described as "…no longer completely black but splintered badly along one side to show the original wood color, and in some places [is] faded or stained." (Jackson 75). This seems to also describe the lottery itself- old, faded, and stained with the blood of all those who have died in years past. Ironically, the black box used in the story was said not to be the original box and the papers that they used were substitutes for the old wood chips. This is a sign that the tradition is so old and meaningless that it can be constantly added to or taken away from. "Mr. Summers spoke frequently to the villagers about making a new box, but no one liked to upset even as much tradition as was represented by the black box…[and] every year the subject was allowed to fade off without anything being done" (Jackson 75). Perhaps Mr. Summers's idea symbolizes a need for a new tradition.
The shabby black box represents the tradition of the lottery. It is a major part of the village because it is breaking apart, but the villagers are still using it. However, they are renovating it to keep it from falling apart. “The black box grew shabbier each year: by now it was no longer completely black but splintered badly along one side to show the original wood color, and in some places faded or stained” (Jackson 2). The box may still be deteriorating, but the villagers are trying their hardest to keep it in shape. Gahr explains how the black box is significant to the story when she says that, “This box is a symbol for those in the town because it is one of the only connections to the origin of the lottery… the lost meanings of the tradition have in many ways made that tradition more powerful, because you can't question a tradition once it has moved beyond reason to simply the way things are done” (Gahr 1). The black box may be a symbol of evil, but the villagers are still using and renovating it because they are just blindly following a tradition.
A symbol of the lottery's ongoing legacy, the same box has been used for years. It was believed to be made from scraps of the original black box which fell apart through the course of its use. When the citizens are brought the idea that the box should be changed, the whole thing was let to pass. "Mr. Summers," the town's lottery official, "spoke frequently about making a new box, but no one liked to upset even as much as tradition as was represented by the black box." (Jackson 422) This illustrates the people are blind to the idea of even tampering with their sacred box. They have grown with the tradition and find discomfort in the idea of change. "Every year, after the lottery, Mr. Summers began talking about a new box, but every year the subject was allowed to fade off without anything's being done." (Jackson 422) With the keyword "allowed," it illustrates the people's reaction by ignorance. Every year the suggestion is made, and every year the suggestion is purposely disregarded for the sake that their tradition be unchanged. There is a sense that should the box be changed, so should the lottery and it's purpose. "Some places already quit lotteries," Mrs. Adams said. "Nothing but trouble in that," Old Man Warner said stoutly, "Pack of young fools." (Jackson 425) This illustrates the beliefs of a majority. Old Man Warner being the oldest man in the town was looked upon
The black box is not only Alliteration, but it is also a symbol in “The Lottery”. Martine Ma declares, “The black box holds the key between life or death for every single one of the townspeople”. Inside the black box is a “slip of paper” (Jackson1870) with “a black spot” (Jackson1870) that would declare the death of a villager and the sacrifice for the harvest. The black box also represents ‘evil’ in “The Lottery”. Seth Cassel stated, “The villagers have become entranced in the gruesome tradition of stoning people.” Proving that the black box has manipulated the townspeople into killing their fellow villagers because of the lottery the black box
Jackson used foreshadowing to create suspense. “Bobby Martin had already stuffed his pockets full of stones. . . the other boys soon followed his example, selecting the roundest stones. . . eventually made a great pile of stones in one corner of the square. . .” (“The Lottery” P. 1 ¶2) By mentioning these stones many different times it makes the reader wonder ‘Why do the stones show up again and again?’ One might not have even realized the importance of the stones until the end of the story because Jackson mentioned them so nonchalantly. In doing this she kept readers wondering what will happen next.
Likewise, the black box is symbolic in the short story. It is a prehistoric box in which the villagers draw the slips of paper but do not want to replace it to avoid “upsetting tradition.” The black box is a symbol to the villagers because many people before them have practiced the lottery. “The original paraphernalia for the lottery had been lost long ago, and the black box now resting on the stool had been put into use even before Old Man Warner, the oldest man in town, was born” (Jackson 1). Lending confidence to the villagers, the black box reminds them to trust in their forefathers. Not only are the stones and black box symbolic, but also the marked slip of paper. It is with a single dark dot that indicates who the next victim of the lottery will be. The dot appears to look like a spot or a blemish on a piece of paper. These are frequently associated with disease and so the marking of the dot symbolizes the marking of a person for destruction. The paper itself also manifests the pointlessness of the lottery; it was created by Joe Summers who though of it the night before on a scratch piece of paper with a pencil. It is this mark, made by a random human, that determines the fate of a person. The marked slip of paper holds no power, but rather the power that
In “The Lottery”, Jackson foreshadows the ending and tricks us into thinking that the town is normal in many ways. Initially, Jackson foreshadows the ending of the story with Mr. Graves’ name. The word grave refers to a place where someone is buried, hinting at the ending of the story where the reader can infer that someone dies. Additionally, Mrs. Hutchinson coming late foreshadows that she is going to be the “winner” of the lottery. She is singled out further by Mr. Hutchinson telling her, “Thought we were going to have to get on without you, Tessie”, which foreshadows her being important in the lottery.
The original paraphernalia for the lottery had been lost long ago, and the black box now resting on the stool had been put into use even before Old Man Warner, the oldest man in town, was born. Mr. Summers spoke frequently to the villagers about making a new box, but no one liked to upset even as much tradition as was represented by the black box. (5)
There are many important symbolic items in this story, but the major symbolic items are the black wooden box, white slips of paper and the stones. The black box represents the tradition of the lottery. As the lottery itself the black box is old and worn. Also, the color of the box is black which could represent death since black is considered color of death. The black box was always kept in public view to remind the villagers about the tradition “The postmaster, Mr. Graves, followed him, carrying a three-legged stool, and the stool was put in the centre of the square and Mr. Summers set the black box down on it” (Jackson 4). The three-legged stool on which the box was placed is also important since the stool itself was unstable and at one point almost got knocked down. The tradition as the three-legged stool is unstable and could get knocked down at any point. Next, the white slips of paper “He dropped all the papers but those onto the ground, where the breeze caught them and lifted them off.” (Jackson 60). The papers represent the lives of the villagers and how their lives can be taken away at any moment with a single
The black box represents the traditions of the small town. The villagers don’t consider replacing the battered wooden box, because of its traditional value--even though the box is outdated and no longer really meets their needs...just like the lottery itself. I guess they want to stop lottery rather than reconstructing it.
Even as Tessie protests the drawing, the villagers collect their stones and move in to throw them. ... In "The Lottery" the black box itself is a symbol. When the unnamed narrator mentions the box. The black box suggestive of a coffin, the black box contains the slips which are drawn by the villagers to determine who will be stoned. Since it contains every name in the village, no one escapes the lottery. It is stored each year in a specific place and brought out for the annual ceremony; the box is much like certain religious boxes that contain a ceremonial item. The black box is the container from which the villagers draw the slips of paper for the lottery, and as part of this tradition, it has special meaning for the villagers. This box is a symbol for those in the town because it is one of the only connections to the origin of the lottery. (Griffin,
Cultural traditions represent a conceptual piece of our culture; tradition is passed down from generation to generation which brings families and communities together for holidays, birthdays, and many other celebrations; sharing a tradition with different people give them an insight of how others live. As Lisa Rathje mentioned in her article Shaping Community, she stated: “The role of tradition in fostering one’s own cultural identity and in strengthening the networks of our many communities is demonstrated throughout Making It Better”(Shaping Community, Pg.3). Without tradition within a culture, society wouldn’t be able to separate themselves from the norms. Society wouldn’t be able to identify themselves and show people how they are different
The setting and tone in "The Lottery" are very important aspects that give the reader a sense of where they are and an overall feeling of what the story should be like. At the start, Jackson is very specific in describing the setting of her story. She says "The morning