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Lycidas Poem Analysis

Decent Essays

The Crisis of Lycidas’ Absent Body
“Lycidas” is a pastoral elegy in which the speaker, a shepherd, mourns the death of his friend Lycidas, a fellow shepherd and talented poet, who had drowned at sea. However, as the poem progresses, the figure of Lycidas fades into the background as the writing of the poem becomes overwhelmed by the various crises that the speaker experiences and other poetic voices - those of Phoebus and St. Peter, for instance - interrupt. The ninth verse paragraph of “Lycidas” marks the poem’s return to its elegiac intent as the speaker experiences another crisis in which he laments Lycidas’ absent body, a recurring element which, when addressed by the speaker directly, allows the speaker to properly mourn and accept Lycidas’ death.
The ninth verse paragraph begins with a plea, “Return, Alpheus” (132), Alpheus being a river in Arcadia whose waters mix with the fountain Arethuse, referenced earlier in the poem to represent Greek pastoral poetry. The speaker persuades Alpheus to return by stating that “the dread voice is past” (132) the dread voice being St. Peter, who in the previous verse paragraph interrupted the speaker’s voice with a vicious condemnation of shepherds. The verse paragraph before was taken over by Neptune’s herald, and the one before by Phoebus. As the poem progresses, it begins to move away from Lycidas to the point that the ninth verse paragraph is the first one since the fifth that mentions Lycidas, or “Lycid” (151), by name. By calling on Alpheus and the “Sicilian Muse” (133), the speaker recognizes that the elegy has veered from its original intent and he wishes to return to it.
The speaker first does this by invoking the “Sicilian Muse” to “call the vales” (134) to gather a plants and flowers to adorn Lycidas’ dead body. The speaker specifically calls for “primrose,” “crowtoe,” “jessamine,” pansies, violets, “woodbine,” “cowslips,” “amaranthus,” daffodils, and laurels. (142-47,149-150)The laurels are significant as an emblem of poetry and its presence on Lycidas’ “hearse” (151) praises him for his poetry, but there is a sense of sadness and grief embedded within the floral imagery. When the speaker mentions the “rathe primrose” (142), a flower that blooms early

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