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Macbeth Character Analysis

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Unmanly. Cowardly. Full of the milk of human kindness. Throughout the events of Shakespeare’s Macbeth, the protagonist’s wife is seen regularly attempting to compel Macbeth to unlawfully take and keep the throne of Scotland through insults and attempts at logic and reasoning. Her extreme ambition towards the throne is notable, most remarkably when she performs her famous soliloquy asking murderous spirits to “unsex [her] here” (1-5) so that she could be less like a woman and have a personality belonging to a man to commit murder. Consequently, some may think Lady Macbeth possesses the true determination behind the play due to her desire to place her husband on the throne. Nevertheless, it is clear when looking at how Shakespeare arranges the events of the play that the character holding the most ambition that drives the play forward is Macbeth himself.
The first important event in the play that displays Macbeth’s sheer intent is his planning of Duncan’s murder. Upon learning of Malcolm’s establishment as prince, Macbeth immediately understands that he must murder Duncan to claim the throne:
The prince of Cumberland! That is a step
On which I must fall down, or else o'erleap,
For in my way it lies. Stars, hide your fires;
Let not light see my black and deep desires.
The eye wink at the hand, yet let that be
Which the eye fears, when it is done, to see.
(1-4-50)
Before even talking to his wife, Macbeth knows that he is about to kill Duncan. If Lady Macbeth’s ambition was the driving force behind the play, Macbeth would most likely be giving up at this point without any motivation. Macbeth’s “black and deep desires” instead represent his own powerful lust for the throne, and Macbeth himself understands that he is willing to resort to whatever actions are necessary (even murder) to become royalty. Lady Macbeth had no part in this as he did not even speak to her until much later when he arrives back at his castle with Duncan. Additionally, when Macbeth prepares to commit the actual killing of Duncan, he is fully prepared to murder:
Words to the heat of deeds too cold breath gives.
I go, and it is done. The bell invites me.
Hear it not, Duncan, for it is a knell
That summons thee to heaven or to hell.
(2-1-62)

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