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Malcolm Gladwell's The Outliers: The Story Of Success

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During the Kennedy era, many Americans saw Jacqueline Kennedy only as the wife of the president who did not know much; however, not only was she a faithful wife and First Lady, but she was also a very intelligent magazine editor with a very interesting life. In the New York Times bestselling novel called The Outliers: The Story of Success, Malcolm Gladwell challenges the way that success is typically viewed by introducing the idea of an “outlier.” Gladwell defines an outlier as “something that is situated away from or classed differently from a main or related body (Gladwell 1).” Throughout the book, he goes on to explain that success is much more than hard work; it also has to do with what he calls “The 10,000-Hour Rule” or “The Matthew Effect.” …show more content…

An example of one of the hidden factors that led to her success is the idea of demographic luck, or being born into a demographic trough. A demographic trough is summed up to mean the perfect time in history to be born. The late 1920’s and early 1930’s were a “demographic trough” because, “In response to the economic hardship of the Depression, families simply stopped having children, and as a result, the generation born during that decade was markedly smaller than both the generation that preceded it and the generation that immediately followed it (Gladwell 134).” According to the United States Bureau of the Censes, “…in 1929, there were 2,169,920 live births, which represent a birth rate of 18.9 per 1,000 population, as against 2,233,149 live births reported in 1928, with a rate of 19.8.” This means that Jackie grew up with less people; therefore, she had less competition when it came to college, jobs, and sports. If she had been born five years earlier, in 1924, she would have been born way before the Great Depression, so there would have been more children born. If she had been born five years later, in 1934, the Depression would have been over, and the population would have been back to normal again. Because of the small size of her generation, she received more …show more content…

Accumulative advantage is when a small advantage, such as where you go to kindergarten, becomes a little difference that leads to a bigger advantage, which leads to bigger advantages. All of these advantages then cause the initial, small advantage to become a much bigger, more noticeable advantage. The idea of an accumulative advantage applies to Jackie Kennedy because when Jackie first started school, she went to Miss Chapin’s School in New York. Miss Chapin’s School (now known as Chapin School) is an all-girls school on East End Avenue. According to the school’s website, “Founded by Maria Bowen Chapin in 1901, Chapin is an independent day school, grades Kindergarten through 12, dedicated to the intellectual and personal growth of young women. Under the direction of Dr. Patricia Hayot, a rigorous liberal arts program prepares students for further academic study and encourages the development of curiosity, creativity and integrity (Chapin).” At this school, Jackie received a world class education that very few other people were able to receive. After attending kindergarten and grammar school at Chapin, Jackie moved to Washington D.C. and attended Holton-Arms School for a few years. “Our School provides a sincere and warm environment populated by a diverse group of smart girls and dedicated teachers who demonstrate the ‘urge to learn’ every day. As we develop

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