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Media Theories In Communication

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We process communication through many styles and forms of media. How one perceives what is communicated may be based on the approach in which someone uses in order to send and receive messages. The following theories are examples in the way we communicate and may explain why two people watching or listening to the same message may perceive the message in different ways. First, there is the type of communication process known as uses and gratifications. According to Media Effects, "A medium or message is a source of influence within the context of other possible influences." (Jennings, B. and Oliver, M., 2009, p. 165) Based on this information, everyone's social and cultural backgrounds may affect how a message is perceived. Physiologically, receivers of communication may react differently. They may experience different emotions and reactions to what they are being introduced to. An example of someone becoming influenced based on their perception of what is being received in a message is that of the followers of the kneeling protests. Six weeks ago, there may have been a few people who would chose to kneel at a football game during the National Anthem. After several weeks of protests, the idea of kneeling before a football game during the anthem became more prevalent. This may be associated with the theory that is stated in Media Effects. "Audience activity is the core concept in uses and gratifications. It refers to the utility, intentionality, selectivity, and involvement of the audience with the media (Blumler, 1979)." (Jennings, B. and Oliver, M., 2009, p. 172) In other words, the media played on the protests and kept the issue at the forefront to where more people chose to follow along. This leads me to the concept of cognitive dissonance and selective exposure. We all have our own belief system. It is difficult to have a true sense of unity in our country because of the large diverse culture in America. Even though we are The United States of America, we have become less united over the past few decades. For instance, Japan and China do not have the freedoms we are blessed to have here in the United States, yet somehow, they come across as united countries. These countries have some diversity, but the

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