Meghan Stavig
Info470 AE
Music Therapy and its’ Affects on Adolescents with Behavioral Issues
Music is known to elicit responses, both physiological and emotional, in people with or without special needs. There is well-documented research to put into words the complex relation between music, emotion, and physiologic arousal. This knowledge is being used in adolescent music therapy to encourage the expression of feelings as well as the engagement of social interactions. In this review I’ll first describe emotional regulation and what it means to deviate from the norm, then describe a primary candidate for music therapy intervention. I will then further explain music therapy as a practice and its’ goals to increase attention and
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Music therapy is often sought out after psychopharmacologic treatments have been unsuccessful. These situations often include working with individuals who present negative emotions, poor social interactions, low motivation, and flattened or blunted personalities (Yinger, O. S., & Gooding, L. 2014). Classifying a child with special needs may vary from country to country, but children with these characteristics along with a professional diagnosis are at an increased risk for chronic physical, developmental, behavioral, or emotional conditions, which require health-care related services and/or specialized institutions (Constantin 2015).
Roughly 20% of music therapists identify with working in the mental health setting; the largest subset of a single specific client population (Yinger, O. S., & Gooding, L. 2014). Although they may use different approaches in treatment options, such as cognitive-behavioral, behavioral, humanistic, or psychodynamic, this area of study shares a set of common goals. These goals include socialization, communication, self-esteem, coping skills, and stress management/reduction (Yinger, O. S., & Gooding, L. 2014). Previous research suggests that group work is the prevalent delivery model for music therapy in mental health settings. It is effective in promoting group cohesion, interaction, and emotional expression, and has shown to be
Music has been able to entertain the population for as long as it has been around. It is present in restaurants, clubs, and similar environments so that people can be entertained while enjoying time out with family and friends. Although music has a reputation of being a tool of entertainment, it also has the ability to benefit the health and mental state of the listener. Many studies have been conducted to shed light on the positive effects of music therapy and show that music is able to provide an even greater effect than the ordinary treatments alone.President of the Association for Music Therapy states that,“Active music engagement allowed the patients to reconnect with the healthy
trouble with emotion recognition and the fact that the music helps them feel the emotion is extremely beneficial. An activity would be for the music therapist to play a happy song and show pictures of faces or their own face of emotions such as happy or excited, and have the child do the same. The child can then feel the emotion of the music, see what a happy face looks like, and then also do the happy face on their own. This can be done for sad, or scary of any type of emotion one can get with music. One last type of activity would be to help with language development. Music is a very good way to express language and emotions. So one activity would be for the music therapist to have a song and have instructions to go with the song such as:
A recent study of music therapy interventions was conducted on 1,891 participants. The study was offered by music therapists and medical staff.
“The American Music Therapy Association (AMTA) defines music therapy as ‘an established health profession in which music is used within a therapeutic relationship to address physical, emotional, cognitive, and social needs of individuals’” (Barnett & Shale, 2013, p.48). Music Therapy (MT) is shown to be able to help people with many different kinds of mental health problems such as anxiety, stress, and minor cases of depression. There have been many studies done showing that MT is an effective form of therapy that can improve someone’s overall Quality Of Life (QOL). MT is known as an alternative technique therapy. It is often used instead of, or along with, medication to produce a result in the patience who need it. MT involves all aspects of the music process, including listening to, writing, singing, and analyzing music. Overall MT addresses physical and emotional problems and is used to enhance the life and health of the patient. This review is simply to inform readers of the effects music and MT has on mental health, specifically:
There are many different ways that we benefit from music. Music can inspire better self-esteem, and confidence. It’s a great way to set the mood, and a wonderful tool. Music therapy is the clinical and evidence-based use of music interventions to accomplish individualized goals within a therapeutic relationship by a credentialed professional who has completed an approved music therapy program (Gram, 2005). Music therapy can reach out to anyone, age, race, gender it doesn’t matter. Children, adolescents, adults, and the elderly with mental health needs can benefit from music therapy. As well as, those who have developmental and learning disabilities, those who suffer from Alzheimer's
Music therapy is the clinical and evidence-based use of music interventions to accomplish individualized goals within a therapeutic relationship by an accredited professional who as completed an approved music therapy program. “Music therapists hope that scientific research continues to define how their work differs from entertainment, and how it benefits patients as much as other more familiar complementary therapies such as art therapy.” (Mellskog) This shows how even though there is little research and evidence on music therapy, it is still very effective and a
Due to the extensive procedures surrounding treatment, patients often experience a variety of physical and psychological symptoms and side effects that negatively impact their quality of life and ability to cope with and manage an illness. Providing a choice of music during a receptive music therapy session may not only distract the patient from negative affective states, but also may provide a sense of autonomy and control over a patient 's immediate environment. The purpose of the essay was to determine whether receptive music therapy can improve two general dimensions of emotional experience and pain in a single session for patients. The guiding research question was: Will participants experience improved positive affect following a music therapy session? In my opinion ,I think the answer is yes. music therapy definitely have a positive effect on patients.
Music Therapists (MTs) borrow from a range of non-music based therapy models in their development of Music Therapy-specific treatment models. Many widely used Music Therapy (MT) techniques have their roots in psychological theories and treatment models. Cognitive Behavioural Music Therapy (CBMT) draws on the widely-used and extensively researched psychology approach, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), to address CBT goals through MT interventions. Despite the many parralels between CBT and MT there is limited literature on CBMT; the existing literature indicates that CBMT may be an effective treatment for clients with a variety of needs. Improvisation in CBMT makes up an even smaller portion of the literature, however the theoretical underpinnings of the CBT approach are congruent with the use of music improvisation.
In addition to ameliorating anxiety levels, music therapy has proven to be effective in treating anxiety disorders. Gutierrez and Camaren (2015) revealed that the application of music therapy significantly reduced anxiety and depression symptoms in patients with generalized anxiety disorders (GAD). Through music therapy exercises this encouraged and promoted the expression of memories and emotions, thereby facilitating cognitive changes and modifying irrational thoughts and beliefs. Upon the researchers request participants indicated that music therapy helped them to develop empathy, security, self-esteem, and alternative tools to use in situations of anxiety, thus allowing them to assertively manage conflict and reduce levels of anxiety.
Children are generally thought of as happy and carefree individuals. Most of them fit this description, but others suffer from mental and physical disabilities that can sometimes go unseen by the public. The families of these individuals can tell you that these illnesses are life changing and most parents are willing to do anything to help their children and improve their lives. A new form of therapy has recently become more popular as a form of treatment and has the ability to help many children and families. This new idea is known as music therapy. Music therapy is a powerful tool to help improve the lives of many children with genetic disorders such as Autism and Down Syndrome.
However, researchers’ ability to prove music therapy’s effectiveness on a large-scale basis is ultimately hindered by the lack of uniform methodologies and standards across existing studies on the treatment and its effect on AD. There are, for instance, two kinds of music therapy approaches used in studies – active (e.g., playing an instrument or singing) and passive (e.g., listening to music). Some professionals like French music therapist Stéphane Guetin then further divide passive-type therapy into “relaxation” – seeking to “reduce the frequency and extent of affective and psychological/behavioural disorders” – and “analytical” – using music to “encourage the expression and development of thought – methods (37). Most current research focuses
Technically, anyone can use music to help patients. But as defined by Munro et al. the “term "music therapist" refers to a specially trained individual whose intervention is based on a thorough knowledge of all facets of music (historical, theoretic and practical), the behavioral sciences, treatment and educational models, and accepted therapeutic approaches” (1029). Only professional therapists should be allowed to practice, for the sake of achieving the best outcome. Kimberly Sena Moore, a certified music therapist, critiques the notion of using music therapy because of overstimulation, hearing loss, memory trigger, emotional flooding and anxiety inducing. She points out that she is disturbed by the notion of using it in neonatal care and in patients with dementia and Alzheimer’s. However, she points out that the therapists are careful so there are no real drawbacks. In the case of hearing loss, as long as the sound levels are monitored there should be no issue. The fact that music can result in memory trigger, emotional flooding and anxiety shows the significance of using music therapy
Needle pricks, medicine, exhaustion, sickness, pain, feeling different ‒ these are just a few of the things that people with mental disabilities and serious diseases have to go through on a daily basis. But what if there was a different kind of treatment that could comfort them or reduce their pain even a little bit? Fortunately, for the people facing these issues, there is. Music therapy is a relatively new approach that doctors, teachers, and many others are taking to help heal and improve the quality of life for their patients and students. It’s starting to become more common around the United States and is expected to become even more popular in the future. Books like Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart support the idea of music therapy by demonstrating how music can be used to soothe and improve the moods of individuals regardless of what they may be going through. Music therapy is an effective way to speed up the healing process and improve the emotional state of a wide range of people facing different obstacles in life.
Music therapy, a clinical use of music interventions to accomplish therapeutic goals, involves a broad range of activities including playing an instrument, singing, or listening to music. Similar to occupational and physical therapy, this expressive arts therapy remedies psychological conditions, such as depression, anxiety, or hypertension to maintain the well-being of an individual. Likewise, music has been a therapeutic tool that has shown positive effects to parts of the brain including regions involved in emotion, sensation, movement, and cognition. Although music therapy is a somewhat new-found treatment, it is used prominently today. Administered by a trained therapist, this type of therapy is used in correctional facilities, nursing homes, hospices, and special education schools.
A song or a piece of music has the power to transform an individual and take them not only to a different state of mind, but quite possibly a different consciousness. Making or singing music also has the power to transform an individual. “There is a resemblance of music in pitch, volume, rhythm, melody and structure to the natural human expression of emotion in voice, demeanor and behavior” (Ushedo, 2006, 1). Making music can create an environment where it indirectly teaches individuals communication and social skills through the emotions brought out by the music. The social interaction between individuals with behavioral problems has been aided by using musical activities. It can “encourage or motivate communication through musical activities, which are responsive to the child to promote eye contact, turn taking, sharing, joint attention” (Stephenson, 2006, 297). While creating a calmer and more relaxed environment with musical activities, behavioral problems can be aided through the use of this form of music therapy.