The NFIP is an all-inclusive insurance program built to provide citizens located within a designated floodplain to have a reliable means to recover from floods. Therefore, let’s first discuss the provisions of the NFIP, its benefits, consequences of repetitive loss, the status of sustainability, and potential changes to the program in the near future. The NFIP is administered by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and insurance policies are available to those located within a designated flood zone and a participating community (FEMA, 2017). However, though administered by FEMA potential enrollees can only obtain a policy through their local insurance agent. In addition, FEMA determines who is eligible to apply for a policy …show more content…
Fundamentally, a community can accumulate points by completion of various hazard mitigating activities to include public information, mapping and regulations, flood damage reduction, and flood preparedness (FEMA, 2017). Below is a table to illustrate these levels. Now, that we have a basic knowledge of the NFIP let’s discuss its benefits. According to FEMA (2012), the NFIP enables policyholders to have coverage up to 250,000 to 100,000, depending on whether the property is residential or commercial. Moreover, the NFIP enables property owners to file a claim without paying back whether the flood becomes a presidentially declared disaster or not whereas disaster assistance requires payback and the disaster to be presidentially declared (p. 2). Therefore, we can see the program has substantial benefits to those who choose to participate. However, there are significant program sustainability issues. First, repetitive flood loss is something which has plagued the sustainability of the NFIP. Since the inception of the NFIP in 1968, approximately 30,000 properties have been deemed severe repetitive loss properties (10 or more losses), costing the program 5.5 billion dollars (Eastman, 2016). Therefore, we can see those who have been impacted by floods continue to be impacted by floods. Secondly, as mentioned above, lack of
“A good recipe for an FTO would be to mix portions of Sheriff Buford Pusser from “Walking Tall,” Sherlock Holmes, and Officer Pete Malloy from “Adam-12.” It would then tell you to bake them together and frost them with a glaze of the patient bemusement and gentle common sense of Andy Griffith’s Sheriff Andy Taylor” (Scoville, 2005, para. 2).
It is unbelievable that I have been selected to potentially become an NHS member. As I look back on the last two and a half years of my high school career, I realize there have been many times that I could have given up on trying to achieve my academic goals. I have had opportunities to cheat and lie my way through it, but as a meticulous student chose to do my very best the honest way. I have maintained a 4.0 grade point average, so I am an incredibly hard-working student. I promise to continue to work hard in order to keep getting straight A’s and that is only one reason I should be chosen to be an official member of the National Honor Society.
Often, the government responds to natural disasters with thorough preparation and planning. The federal, state, and local levels of government do this in an effort to help reduce injury and property damage as well as ensure the overall safety of the general population. The 2005 Atlantic hurricane season saw the costliest and one of the deadliest storms in United States history. This storm was Hurricane Katrina. Hurricane Katrina displaced of an estimated 645,000 Louisiana citizens (Cepeda, Valdez, Kaplan, & Hill, 2010). This paper will examine…
Mitigation is one of the best tools that can be used to save lives and minimize damage to property and the community infrastructure. Fort Lauderdale is located in a flood zones. The National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) is an example of flood mitigation. South Florida participates in the National Flood Insurance Program. This program allows residents whose homes are located in flood zones to obtain flood insurance to insure their property against flood damage. The cities have to provide the residents with information to
Katrina hit New Orleans, Louisiana on August 29th, 2005, but the failure of the government started before this day “by allowing building and growing in areas in low flood lands.” The government did not regulate these land areas that have always been at a threat for flooding and natural disaster, which was ignored by the government and public, and was in place, still a place for growing infrastructure. Failures included by the author of the national agencies include design limits that can lead to levees being overtopped by flood and hurricane events that are larger than they were designed for and design flaws and construction and maintenance shortcomings that lead to protective works being breached when they cannot stand up to the forces exerted by large flood and hurricane events. The author also points out the problems with the hundred-year flood event, which only has a one percent chance of happening every year. When the NFIP focuses on this possible catastrophe, it losses the
Undoubtedly, the impact of a major disaster such as Hurricane Katrina can be devastating to the community it occurs in; whereas, major terror event the size of 9/11 has impacted the entire world. As a result, the financial losses have continued to bloom far beyond the economic and clean-up costs in the immediate after math of the attacks. Emphatically, the financial and personal costs of Katrina cannot be argued; in terms of mitigation planning and hazard impact methodology I postulate that the attacks of September 11th dwarf the costs of Katrina today.
The National Flood Insurance Program’s (NFIP) Community Rating System (CRS) is a voluntary program that recognizes and encourages community floodplain management. Residents of a participating community receive a reduction in flood insurance that is based on the level of that community’s participation in the program. Besides the benefit of reduced insurance rates, CRS floodplain
IFP (In Forma Pauperis): Is not just for those in incarceration and can't afford the filing fees. It is for anyone with a loss of income or low income that can't afford the filing fees and the cost of a trial. Under 28 U.S.C. § 1915, persons granted IFP status will have their filing fee and service of process for the summons and complaint paid by the Court.
New Orleans known for its arts, entertainment, recreation, and food service is known for several historic and celebratory events including the Mardi Gras, the New Orleans Bowl, the Sugar Bowl, the New Orleans Jazz and Heritage Festival all accustomed to large numbers of visitors was hit hard by the effects of Katrina. Port Operations: These operations mining, transportation, and warehousing even though not as visible as tourism still held an important place in the scheme of New Orleans economy. For example, the Port of New Orleans carried out most bulk tonnage in the world. Educational Services; Several institutions of higher learning called New Orleans home including the Universities of New Orleans, Tulane, Loyola, Xavier, Southern, Dillard, and the Louisiana State University Medical School. These schools has educated numerous students including many from the African-American communities (Dolfman, Wasser, & Bergman,
Initially,it involves only constructing flood control works such as dams, seawalls and providing disaster relief to flood victims only. High risk and seasonal nature are the reasons for which insurance companies were not able to provide flood insurance coverage.So,U.S congress created the NFIP in order to reduce flood losses and increase cost of disaster relief to the taxpayers.
In researching for major property losses, the southern states just recovered from one of the costliest hurricane seasons recorded this year Hurricanes Harvey, Irma, Maria, and Nate took a toll on many properties costing the U.S billions of dollars. Out of all the hurricanes that touched down Hurricane Harvey that hit in Texas was one of the most damaging storms we have seen since hurricane Katrina. As of September 5, 2017, Hurricane Harvey damaged 203,000 homes, of which 12,700 were destroyed. As we discussed in class the national Flood Insurance Program provides insurance to property owners and encourages communities to adopt and enforce floodplain management regulations especially ay property that is in an SFHA which are special flood hazard areas.
The Hurricane Katrina disaster highly challenged the operations of FEMA thereby leading to great changes in the agency. The Storm that is ranked as the third most intense U.S. landfalling intense caught the FEMA and at large the Department of Homeland Security unprepared thereby leading to severe losses. The hurricane claimed more than 1200 individuals and a total property of around $108 billion, of which could have minimized if FEMA could have carried out its operations effectively (Bea, 2006).
Effectiveness: Essentially Option1, the YFMP Program, would be most effective in reducing High Risk Youths. A socio-ecological model for school based mental health services would likely to be least effective, while the Intensive Delinquency Diversion Services would have a moderate level of effectiveness comparatively. The YFMP program is most effective because of its ability to build healthy relationships among High Risk Youths, build bonding, attachment and commitment to their families, schools, communities, nurture individual attributes by developing skills, and employment opportunities. Also, reduces community disorganization, reduces academic failure, and reduces anti-social behavior by 8th, 10th, and 12th grade. Unlike option two and
During the 1960’s the United States suffered from several natural disasters, including hurricanes and earthquakes, which caused hundreds of millions of dollars in damage. (Bullock & Coppola, 2014) The normal response to these types of disasters was to pass impromptu legislation for funds. After Hurricane Betsy in 1965, the idea of disaster insurance that could help with future disasters and also limit the reliance on government assistance was discussed. Flood insurance was largely unavailable on normal homeowner policies and if it was available, it was too costly (Bullock & Coppola, 2014). According to Fier, Gatzlaff, and Pooser (2014), “private insurers did not view flood as an insurable peril” (p.118). The main reasons for this being
In the United States, people who live in poverty are already one of the most vulnerable populations and it is this population that is heavily impacted by public policy relating to natural disasters. Often, public policies relating to disaster preparedness and recovery are not discussed until after a natural disaster takes place which is too late to do any good for the people affected and who are devastated almost beyond comprehension. The role of government in disaster preparedness and recovery became a “hot button” issue especially after Hurricane Katrina when the federal and local governments seemed to protect/help those who already had resources and not those with little to no resources. According to a Gallup Poll by Jones & Carroll (2005), forty-nine percent of respondents said that FEMA was most helpful to them while thirty-one percent of respondents said that nothing was helpful to them during recovery from Hurricane Katrina. This information indicates that there is a gap in services disaster relief policies and programs that needs to be filled.