Olfaction Use in Avian Species Essay

The bald eagle is the national bird of the United States. The body length of this impressive bird is two to three feet, and they have a five to eight foot wing span. Females weigh around 13 pounds, while males are smaller and weigh only about nine pounds. Bald eagles have a white head and tail, a yellow beak, a brown body, and strong black talons on the ends of their bright yellow feet. The bald eagle is native to North America and can be found from Canada and Alaska all the way down to Northern Mexica. They like to live near large bodies of open water and in places with lots of trees for nesting. Bald eagles also like areas with plenty of food. The diet of the bald eagle consists mainly of fish, often trout or salmon, but these raptors will

The stories The Osage Firebird by Sudipta Bardhan and A Life Painting Animals by Diana Childress both tell about the life of two girls who overcame barriers to find success. Betty Marie Tallchief, from the story The Osage Firebird, becomes a great and well-known ballerina although she faces prejudice, criticism, and teasing when she was young. She turned into a great and successful ballerina because she overcame many obstacles. Rosa Bonheur, from the story A Life Painting Animals, becomes a great artist and famous for her works of art although she also faced prejudice and had disagreements with her father. She did not let hurdles slow her down or stop her from being successful.

The Pharomachrus mocinno has evolved many behavioural and physical traits as a result of adaptation to the current environment and lifestyle it leads, however this proposal will focus on the unusual plume tail length of the male P. mocinno. This particular species habitat requires nests as high as 22 meters in rotting trees (Seigfried et al. 2010). Therefore, the function of the feathers would typically be assumed to enhance flight, as that would make sense as a useful function in this scenario due to the high elevation. Surprisingly, however, the long length of the plume tail actually decreases the speed of the male bird due to the drag force of air (Norberg 1995) and requires it to drop backward off the branches before being able to fly forward normally (LaBastille et al. 1972). With such issues with the long plume tails, would sexual selection really be in this traits’ favour? In a study done on the widowbird such was the case; males with longer plumes were mated the most (Andersson 1982). However, the widowbird is completely black (including its tail), while in the case of Pharomachrus mocinno it is a very colourful bird. Previous studies also have shown, that the bright reflective colours on the male’s bodies help in attracting females (LaBastille et al. 1972).

Colombelli-Négrel’s team noticed through a series of playback experiments that parental Fairy-Wrens would respond to these distinct begging calls, which closely resemble the female’s incubation call. These findings indicate that not only does the female’s male partner learn the song, but it also serves as a way for Fairy-Wren parents to recognize their own biological progeny. If the begging calls of the newborn do not match the mother’s incubation call, the parents will abandon their nest and start the breeding process over. Therefore, one can conclude that the begging call serves as a ‘vocal password’ that is shared between the parents and their progeny used for recognition purposes. This defensive mechanism imposes a challenge on Cuckoos, as they too have to learn this ‘vocal password’ if they wish to pass for a legitimate

Due to the continuous population declining in orange-bellied parrots, the conservation plans such as captive breeding was initiated in 1985, several wild birds were caught and kept captive breeding since then. But such effort does not prevent the extinction trend for orange-bellied parrots, until 2006, the wild individuals of orange-bellied parrots sank to a critical stage, the Federal Government immediately granted 3.2 million dollars for conservation of orange-bellied parrots. Since 2006, the conservation plan has been an ongoing process, it is unlikely to fully reintroduce orange-bellied parrots in the wild in the soon future.

Our findings support what is found in published literature for grasshopper sparrows and upland sandpipers. Smith (1963) and Herkert (1994) found that grasshopper sparrows prefer grassland habitat and exhibit a negative correlation with edge. This is indicated in our results by grasshopper sparrows exhibiting a negative correlation with crops and water. The upland sandpiper prefers 50% or more grass cover (Higgins and Kirsch 1976) and avoids areas with tall and dense vegetation (Bowen and Kruse 1993). Our findings indicate that upland sandpipers have a positive association with grassland

These birds are considered a nuisance in tourist areas or areas where there are often large gatherings because of their smell is found to be unpleasant by most people. These birds have been known to scavenge for food in bins, around people eating, or even snatching food off of people while they're eating. These feeding behaviours are likely what allows such a bird to thrive in urban areas.

“Bird by Bird” is a Book by Anne LaMotte; who doesn’t have problems with short assignments? I feel for LaMotte because some people can relate to her. Suffering from writing is a fear that most beginner writers usually experience. Can LaMotte overcome her writing fears to become the better writer she truly can be? What kind of mind capacity or writing ability do you need to complete a short assignment. You can achieve any goal if you put your time and effort in to your writing. As long as you have a well-structured out thought that you can express on to paper for your readers to understand your experience in that exact moment through your writing. I feel you have accomplished yourself as a writer if you connect yourself to the reader.

Avian Influenza is a major controversy in the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Many researchers have researched the outbreak and how it contributes to the world we live in. Avian Influenza impacts a variety of people, places, and animals in the world. The articles reviewed discuss the different cases where avian influenza outbreak has impacted a major area and how they are ridding the virus. The articles vary from how the virus affects humans, to how it affects other animals, and the precautions used by different areas if the virus encounters.

I chose to use the green and yellow pieces of paper because at the beginning of the book the author describes a green and yellow bird. I chose the pictures and words presented on the poster for several different reasons. I chose the word independence because Edna wants independence. She is tired of being submissive to her husband Leonce so she moves out. She rents a small house around the corner from her old house because she feels it will allow her to be independent and free. I chose to draw the picture of Edna standing beside her new house because I feel that is shows she is now independent. I chose passion and love because the love Edna has for Robert is passionate. He makes her feel like no man has ever made her feel before. She

The major conclusion from this study is that individual Drosophila larval ORN’s are differentially modulated by animal’s starved state. We conclude this based on the following experimental evidence: First, when we tested the olfactory responses of Drosophila larvae under starved conditions, using the two-choice assay (Monte, Woodard et al. 1989), (Kreher, Mathew et al. 2008) we observed changes in RI for only three out of the seven odorants tested. This experimental result supports previous work from Mathew et al., 2013, which demonstrated functional diversity among individual ORNs. Starved larvae had higher attractiveness to odorants acetal, pentyl acetate and 4, 5 dimethylthiazole. Each of these odorants elicit strong and

In the normal conditions the finches with the harder beaks, the regular and curved pliers, collected the most sunflowers. The birds with the smaller and thinner beaks, the forceps, had more success with thistle and millet seeds. It can be presumed that the beak the finch inherited determined the seeds it consumes. When the environment changed to a drought on the island, most of the thin small beaks were unable to collect enough nutrients. However, the harder beaked finches consumed more seeds than they were able to in the normal conditions. If this pattern continued, the thin beaked finches would be unable to survive because they lacked nutrients. The harder beaked finches survived because they had the capability to pick up and crush sunflower

A recent trend in ornithology research has been to better understand how birds chose their mates through behavioral displays. This topic has been of interests among the birding community due to the fact that it reveals the social structure of bird groups and demonstrates the role of choice in selecting partners. One way for females to select their copulation partners is through eavesdropping on male-male vocal interactions as a way for females to compare different males’ singing behavior and make direct comparisons between males on the basis of their performance. In order to better understand the role eavesdropping had on partner selection among black-capped chickadees the Mennill et al team set out to find out if female black-capped chickadees base their reproductive decisions on information gained through eavesdropping.

The short story "The Birds" was written by Daphne du Maurrier and was filmed and directed by Alfred Hitchcock. It has a very interesting and suspenseful plot. The short story was well written and the film was well played, both are very similar. Although, they have a few differences the film and short story have the same mood and theme. Would the differences in the film and the short story affect the suspenseful and frightening plot?Alfred Hitchcock did an outstanding job filming the movie matching it with the short story. In both the short story and film flocks and flocks of gulls, robins, and sparrows join each other.

The importance of olfaction has been extensively studied in many terrestrial and aquatic taxa, and it is widely accepted that reptiles and mammals commonly use olfaction to assess the risk of predation (Amo et al. 2008; Roth et al. 2008; Zidar and Løvlie 2012). However, in avian species, its value has rarely been studied (Zidar and Løvlie 2012). For decades, many people have debated the importance of bird olfaction (Mennerat et al. 2005), even though birds possess the neurological and anatomical structures needed to detect olfactory cues (Roth et al. 2008). Evidence of the ecological significance for olfaction in birds is minimal and inconsistent with only a few exceptions; procellariformes and New World vultures.