INFORMATIVE SPEECH OUTLINE
Luis Gomez Informative Outline
Topic: History of Segregation in Education General Purpose: To Inform
Specific Purpose: To inform my audience about one of the most notorious eras in politics and education.
Thesis: “Brown V. The Board of Education of Topeka” and its reversal of the decision of “Plessy V. Ferguson” and the “Separate but Equal clause” is one of the most monumental, and impactful decision ever made.
I. Introduction
A. Attention Getter:
B. Thurgood Marshall was responsible for rearguing the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka case and took part in taking this case all the way up to the Supreme Court of the United States. He was a victim of racial segregation when he was applying for law
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African Americans were systematically denied the right to vote
e. Some cities had placed 10:00 PM curfews on blacks.
f. The U.S. Supreme Court Justices declared that the fourteenth amendment never specified what specific rights “color race” would gain.
Transition: Now that I’ve discussed the Plessy v. Ferguson case and its effects, I will now discuss the Brown v. The Board of Education of Topeka case which would help reverse the effect of the separate but equal doctrine established in Plessy.
B. The NAACP legal team chipped away at the Separate but Equal Doctrine established in Plessy v. Ferguson.
1. The NAACP Legal Defense was headed by Thurgood Marshall.
a. The main question that Marshall and his team presented was b. Did the segregation of public education based solely on race violate the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment? The Supreme Court held that “separate but equal” facilities are inherently unequal and violate the protections of the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. The Court also held that the segregation of public education based on race instilled a sense of inferiority that had a hugely detrimental effect on the education and personal growth of African American children.
Transition: I will discuss the aftermath and conditions of society during the beginning of this Civil Rights era.
2. Despite such dramatic courtroom and congressional victories, the
The Supreme Court is perhaps most well known for the Brown vs. Board of Education decision in 1954. By declaring that segregation in schools was unconstitutional, Kevern Verney says a ‘direct reversal of the Plessy … ruling’1 58 years earlier was affected. It was Plessy which gave southern
Board of Education was actually the name given to five different cases that were heard by the U.S. Supreme Court already. All of the cases were about segregation in public schools. The 5 cases were Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Briggs v. Elliott, Davis v. Board of Education of Prince Edward County (VA.), Bolling v. Sharpe, and Gebhart v. Ethel. Even though there were many differences in the details of the cases, they all dealt with segregation in public schools. They all happened around the same time so the Supreme Court decided to hear them together. When the cases were heard in 1952, the Court put all five cases under the name of Brown v. Board of Education. Thurgood Marshall argued the case before the Court himself. Although he raised a variety of issues, the most common issue was that separate school systems for blacks and whites were very unequal, which violates the "equal protection clause" of the Fourteenth Amendment.. Based on sociological tests and other data, he also argued that segregated school systems were used to and purposely made black children feel less important than white children, and this kind of system should not be
The case “Plessy v. Ferguson” was a test of a Louisiana law’s constitutionality. It took 50 years to realize it, but the constitutionally and morally right way was to end segregation. This case was never about Plessy not being able to ride on a white only car on a train headed to Covington, Louisiana. It was about a group of black citizens trying to stop segregation from ever
Ferguson case of 1896 in which the Supreme Court upheld the legality of racial segregation. At the time of the case, segregation between blacks and whites already existed in most schools, restaurants and other public facilities. In the Plessy v. Ferguson case, the Supreme Court that such of a segregation did not violate the 14th Amendment of the Constitution of the United States. The 14th Amendment provided equal protection of law to all U.S. citizens regardless of the citizens race. The court ruled that the Plessy v. Ferguson case was legal as long as black and whites were equal. After this law came to be, public schools, public transportation and other public facilities were made separate; but they never had made these places equal. Equality represents what the United States stands for. We the people work together in marches, protests to oppose discrimination on the basis of race and gender. The Sacco and Vanzetti case showed the world that the how justice system in the United States really was. Sacco and Vanzetti received an unfair trial and were sentenced to death, not due to the evidence being presented, but due to their political beliefs and ethnic backgrounds. As Americans, we tend to be afraid of what happens and due to these fears we forget about what it truly means to be an American. This is the world we live in and quite some times, things are unfair; it’s the way the world
Brown v Board of Education is one of the most important Supreme Court cases in history. A man known as Oliver Brown had filed a lawsuit against the Topeka, Kansas, Board of Education for having segregated schools since it went against the Equal
The Plessy V. Ferguson and Brown V. Board of Education are two cases that changed the way that we live today in a quite dramatic way. The Plessy V. Ferguson was a case that promoted segregation. The majority voted for segregation and the minorities opposed the idea and the key precedent that was established after this case was that the U.S. Supreme Court didn't base their trial off of the constitution and instead based their trial upon the statement 'separate but equal'. The Brown V. Board of Education case was a case that completely opposed the idea of 'separate but equal' because the whole case revolved around the fact that a mother wanted her children to go to a school that was easier to get to however it was a school that was only for white children so the mother decided to take the case to court and the majority voted on letting the African American students attend white schools and the minorities voted otherwise. The key precedent that was established after this case was that segregation in schools violates the 14th amendment and it should not be permitted by the U.S. Supreme Court. These two cases were important for the transformation for the America we have today, and they influenced America's thought process and actions significantly.
Assassinations, riots, and boycotting all led up to the society we have today. Whites and blacks were not allowed to be friends, class mates or even be around each other. They had separate things which listed whites only and blacks only. This included schools, railroad cars, and busses.Two key cases are Plessy v.s. Ferguson and Brown v.s. Board of Education. The majority and minority’s decisions for these two cases set precedent that will effect everyone in America. These landmark cases are closely related because they helped provide the true intent of the 13th and 14th amendment. In addition, Plessy v.s. Ferguson and Brown v.s. Board of Education effectively help revolutionize the interpretation of the 13th and 14th amendment.
Brown v. Board of Education was a landmark case that was decided by the Supreme Court of America in 1954. It is a case that is believed to have brought to an end decades of increasing racial segregation that was experienced in America’s public schools. The landmark decision of this case was resolved from six separate cases that originated from four states. The Supreme Court is believed to have preferred rearguments in the case because of its preference for presentation of briefs. The briefs were to be heard from both sides of the case, with the focus being on five fundamental questions. The questions focused on the attorneys’ opinions about whether Congress viewed segregation in public schools when it ratified the 14th amendment (Benoit, 2013). Changes were then made to the Fourteenth Amendment’s Equal Protection Clause.
The U.S is known for its liberty and equality. However, the Supreme Court once had to decide on the rights for African Americans. Since the abolishment of slavery, one court case before the Supreme Court sided against the African American plaintiff fighting for equal rights. In this case the plaintiff, Homer Plessy was arguing his right to ride in a "white only" train car. Unfortunately, he lost his case in Plessy vs Ferguson. Decades later, another plaintiff, Oliver Brown, also took a case before the Supreme Court. Conversely, in this case, the Supreme Court sided with the plaintiff in Brown vs Board of Education. This decision began the integration of schools. Despite the fact that these two cases took place almost 60 years apart, they both dealt with a similar issue.
Thurgood Marshall’s position in the Supreme Court as the NAACP’s lawyer is extremely significant. The segregation within school systems following the “separate but equal” legislation passed by the court, Plessy v Ferguson case, was something he continuously challenged. In 1934 he first represented the NAACP as their lawyer in the court case of Murray v Pearson, following this he was successful in winning 29 of 32 civil rights cases against the Supreme Court in 1950s. The most famous cases he argued were Browder v Gayle (1956) and Brown v Board of Education (1954), in these cases he was able to adjust and change
The landmark Supreme Court cases of Dred Scott v. Sandford, Plessy v. Ferguson, and Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas have had a tremendous effect on the struggle for equal rights in America. These marker cases have set the precedent for cases dealing with the issue of civil equality for the last 150 years.
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 347 U.S. 483 (1954),[1] was a landmark decision of the United States Supreme Court that declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students unconstitutional. The decision overturned the Plessy v. Ferguson decision of 1896
A very intelligent strong-minded man argued this case in 1954. According to UXL Encyclopedia of U.S. History, Thurgood Marshall was born on July 2, 1908. He was raised in a two
In the case of Plessy versus Ferguson, members of the Supreme Court believed this decision for “separate
Education was one of things that every parent wanted for their children regardless of whatever situation they were in. Public schools were segregated. In 1954 there was a lawsuit that ended legal segregation in public schools known as Brown V. Board of Education. In the fall of 1950, the NAACP sued on behalf of third-grader Linda Brown of Topeka, Kansas (Gates, 2013, p.323). Brown’s parents lived near a white school and wanted their daughter to attend that school because it was closer to their home than any other school that was around them. Thurgood Marshall was one of the lawyers for the NAACP during the time and argued that segregation condemns children, thinking that they lower than the whites that the Court had supposedly threw out in the Plessy case. The Court also heard from other families that were going through the same situation as Brown. May 17th, 1954, the Court ruled in favor of the black students. This decision allowed blacks to attend any public school that they