Introduction Many life insurance policies use the traditional net cost method of accounting to predict the total cost of your life insurance policy over the remaining years of your life. To show how this is done we use the following scenario of a participating ordinary life policy in the amount of $10,000 that is sold to an individual, age 35. We show how the traditional net cost approach would calculate his life insurance and we then discuss the various indexes involved. The purpose of this essay is to clarify the calculations of life insurance policies for the user. Scenario: A Participating ordinary life policy in the amount of $10,000 is sold to an individual, age 35. The following cost data are given: Annual premium $230 Total dividends for 20 years $1613 Cash value at end of 20 years $3620 Accumulated value of the annual premiums at 5 percent for 20 years $ 7985 Accumulated value of the dividends at 5 percent for 20 years $ 2352 Amount to which $1 deposited annually at the beginning of each year will accumulate in 2o years at 5 percent $ 34.719 Using the traditional net cost method, the annual net cost per $ 1000 of life insurance at the end of 20 years is the following:. The traditional net cost method uses a series of calculations to determine the actual cost of a life insurance policy over the course of a policy-holder's lifetime. By comparing traditional net costs of several indexes, the policyholder can get a truer picture of the relative costs of the
There are many types of insurance programs that are offered with a compensation & benefits package at places of employment. The programs that will be discussed are term life insurance, universal whole life insurance, accidental death & dismemberment, and long and short term disability insurance. These programs offer extra precautions for life disasters. For someone like myself I would rather pay for it and have the coverage instead of something spontaneous happening and not having the funds to go through life. We will dive into each form of insurance and the advantages they provide.
Life cycle costing is used in long-term rewarding systems other than the usual short-term rewarding systems that would have been with no life cycle cost.
3. Based on the post-1995 commission formula and information in the case on pricing and commission rates, calculate the cash inflows for premiums and cash outflows for commissions for years 1 to 3 that would arise from the sign-up of 1000 new members at the beginning of year 1. Assume that: (a) actual member renewal rates are 75% for both years 2 and 3, and (b) 25% of recoverable commission advances in each of years 2 and 3 are expected to prove uncollectible.
Cory currently has $76,000 (2 x $38,000) of term life insurance through his employer. Consequently, Cory should consider purchasing approximately $293,000 of additional life insurance coverage. Tisha has $69,000 of term insurance through her employer, as well as a whole life policy of $50,000. She should consider purchasing an additional $328,000 of life insurance coverage ($447,065 – $119,000). While Tisha or Cory
Castor Collins calculates the premium and profitability based on the risk Castor Collins will incur when providing insurance to a particular group. The risk estimates are based on the cost of services and expected utilization by the group. Based upon the ages and health profiles of the employees at Constructit and E-Editors, Castor Collins can estimate the expected utilization per year. Comparing the average utilization to healthy adults in the same age group, we can estimate the risk involved when providing insurance to each group under various plans. The annual premium to be charged is based upon the cost and expected utilization of each service under either plan. The cost of service is exclusive of any co-payments that enrollees may bear.
Given this information, answer the following questions. Cost $100,000 $250,000 Effectiveness 4 life-years gained 10 life-years gained
If you plan on pursuing a life insurance policy that pays dividends, here are a few things that you need regarding paying taxes on the dividends and the types of policies available to you.
ABC Company reports Net Income of $20,000 for the year 2010. The company negotiated a change in its defined benefit pension plan that increased the pension obligation by $3,000 attributed to the work already completed by its employees. $300 of this change was included in pension expense for 2010. Because of well-chosen investments, the pension trust fund had unexpected gains of $4,000 over its expected return of $2,000. Finally the actuaries estimate of the end of the year value of the Defined Benefit Pension Plan included a $1000 increase in the liability due to changes in actuarial assumptions.
The insurance industry has long been applying game theory to evaluate whether or not individuals are insurable and determine how much premium to charge them based on their apparent needs. This interaction between the consumer and the insurance company can be characterized as a game because not only are they playing against one another but each party is waging on an outcome more beneficial to them. In a traditional life insurance, there are many variables to consider when utilizing game theory to form a strategy as there are investment components along with complex riders. Thus, in order to keep the game relatively simple, this paper will assume the insurance being considered is term life and use game
There have been a number of proposed and upcoming changes to GAAP and solvency reporting standards in the US, Canada and Europe in recent years. In particular, significant efforts have been made to increase convergence between US GAAP and IFRS. The following report discusses the pros and cons of convergence between standards in different jurisdictions, as well as convergence between GAAP and solvency standards, in relation to insurance contracts. Here, the term ‘GAAP’ refers to financial reporting for investors, shareholders and creditors. Solvency standards refer to the regulatory requirements imposed on insurers. The jurisdictions discussed have been limited to those in which The Greatest Life Insurance Company operates in: namely, the US, Canada and Europe.
In “Human Capital, Asset Allocation, and Life Insurance” the author is trying to prove that even though asset allocation and life insurance decisions have been considered separately in the past, they need to be looked at together because of the affect human capital has on optimal asset allocation and life insurance demand. “We argue that these two decisions must be determined jointly because they serve as risk substitutes when viewed from the perspective of an individual investor’s portfolio.” These decisions are related to human capital because it is single handedly the largest asset an investor owns.
The rest of the premium is used to invest in a fund that invests money in stocks or bonds. The policyholder’s share in the fund is represented by the number of units. The value of the unit is determined by the total value of all the investments made by the fund divided by the number of units.
The insurer reserves are defined expected of present value for these payments at the beginning of each year until the death. Since the death of a person is a random variable, the calculation of the insurer's reserves is of particular importance. By considering the annual payments of the whole-life annuity, we can obtain the insurer's reserves for different periods of time in "survival of both individuals", with using the Archimedean copulas of the previous sections. From equation (2.6) we have,
Recently, insurers introduced online insurance policies. This got a wide spread acceptance from many clients in that it is quick, easy and convenient. It is also cheaper in that a person doesn’t have to travel
As mentioned earlier, taking insurance policy is a way to help maintain the risk of cyber attacks at an acceptable level. The plan in figure 2.2 shows an insurance decision plan of action. This plan of action is crucial in illustrating how insurance can help in maintaining the risk. The first step taken in the plan of action is conducting a thorough audit of the current information on security risks, which can be conducted during the assessment of risk process in the framework, after, the company will assess the current insurance coverage and review the assets and liability of the insurance policies to identify the gap in policy coverage and so on. Next, the examination and evaluation of available insurance policies will be conducted. In this process, it is important to note that cyber security is still a new concept, particularly in the UK, hence, there will be a wide range of policies with different price and coverage. The last step is the selection of policy, in where the best policy in terms of coverage and pricing will be chosen by the company based on their needs.