The two key differences between medical/ personal ethics and that of public ethics is who they are responsible to and why. Starting with medical ethics, providing needed healthcare services to the individual patient in an ethical and legal manner, operating under a developed and implemented code of ethic guaranteed by a compliance program to help ensure it carries out its operations in a legal and professional manner (Torrens, 2008). Personal ethics are based and conceived from the moral values obtained and influenced by a person's beliefs and expectations, this can vary from person to person (ERC; Ethics Work Center, 2010). These personal ethics can be listed as values, such as integrity, excellence and attitude, and attaching related behaviors to them. They may be influenced by a personal code derived from the culture they were raised in; i.e. small community, church, ethnicity, family. These can have a behavioral …show more content…
An individual’s liberty.
3. Freedom of choice; The individual rights, freedom of a patient to choose to receive or refuse treatment.
4. Self- control of an individual.
The key component being the individual; dealing with the patients right to scarce health resources, regarding treatment with fairness, equal access and benefits from that treatment, regardless of race, gender, sexual orientation, religion, age or ability to pay.
Public health ethics share some of the same values but differ in regards to whom they serve. Their intent is to provide equal distribution of resources, with special regard to the vulnerable groups with-in society (Torrens, 2008). This is subordinate to the greater needs of the population as a whole. This may be at the expense of the individual or portions of society to insure the health of the entire population regardless of religion, gender, sexual orientation, race, or the ability to pay. Ethics are supported into compliance by: (Meagher, 2011).
1. Legislative control.
2. Regulatory control.
3. Judicial
It is important that the patient is aware not only of their rights, but of their individual responsibilities.
* Justice - concerns the distribution of scarce health resources, and the decision of who gets what treatment (fairness and equality).
However, as time went on, several problems arose which had to do with the principle of justice in healthcare. In America, it is the accepted norm that it is unjust to treat one person better or worse than another person, in similar circumstances (Tong, 2007, p.29). In an attempt
Beneficence - This would involve risks and costs and health and social care service provider should act a way that benefits the patient.
A philosophy of an organization helps differentiate themselves from their competitors and set a foundation for future success. It also helps shape an organization by presenting the goals they want to accomplish with specific activities. To improve this, many organizations understand the important of sharing values and goals and realize employee recognition. This helps staff from moving forward toward success of the organizations. Chapter 4 introduces “Codes of Ethics in Health Services.” Code of ethics is a guideline for healthcare professionals to accomplish and serve as a member of a society. Similar to other professions, managers have their own code of ethics in maintaining their duties and responsibilities. They also use the codes for ethical decision-making in dealing with ethical issues. Chapter 5 deals with “Organizational Responses to Ethical Issues.” It provides assistance for managers and organizations in their decision making. It is manager’s duty to figure out the problem and resolve it (Darr, 2011,
There are many ethical issues in the healthcare field. These issues range from insurance coverage, senior care, childhood immunizations, beneficence, abortion, medicinal marijuana, honesty and medical research (Fritzsche, D., 2004). Today we will discuss the ethical concerns in only one aspect of heath care and that topic is research (Benatar, S., 2000). Medical research is necessary in order to make strides in health care, introduce new medications, to discover new symptoms and disorders and to test new treatment options for current medical problems. Students of medicine, universities and pharmaceutical companies conduct this research primarily. Much of this research is time consuming and costly, therefore obtaining funding is not
Ethics is a strongly culturally linked area of philosophy interrelated with what is considered acceptable human conduct. There are two branches of ethics; medical ethics and bioethics. The moral conduct and principles which govern practices of medical and health professionals falls under medical ethics, whereas in biomedicine and the health sciences theorised developments in the study of social and moral issues is considered bioethics(1). There are two philosophical principles within the conduction of health care research these are deontology and utilitarianism. Deontology is an approach to ethics that focuses on the rightness or wrongness of actions themselves, as opposed to the rightness or wrongness of the consequences of those actions (2). Utilitarianism states that the most benefit
Professionals in every field are always confronted with some kind of ethical issues. It has however been noted that these ethical issues become high in magnitude and extent when public officials are involved. Due to the involvement of human life, an industry like healthcare holds ethics in highest regard. Even though these healthcare practitioners are highly trained to deal with issues of these kinds, their decisions can sometimes have a lasting impact on their professional and personal lives (Edwards 2009).
In health and social care sector, health care professionals take into account four key ethical principles when providing service to the service users. The key ethical principles are justice, autonomy, beneficence and non-maleficence. In health and social care settings people must be treated fairly without being judgemental regardless of who they are or where they come from. Health care professionals must allow their service users choose the type of services or treatment they want and the professional should support them in getting quality care that will benefit their service users. Also, health care professional must not
Guido describes ethics as “a process of determining right conduct from wrong” (para 2, p. 3). My personal view of ethics is along the same lines as this and has been instilled in me my entire life. My code of ethics includes respect for myself and others; honesty in my endeavors, graciousness in both my personal and professional lives, and accountable for my actions. I use nonmaleficence and beneficence in every aspect of my life. I also strive to honor the proverbial do unto others as they would do unto me.
According to the New Oxford American Dictionary, ethics is defined as “moral principles that govern a person’s or group’s behavior.” Therefore, in an ideal world, ethics should play the ultimate role when making a decision. If ethics are the principles which guides one’s behavior then, ideally, all decisions should be made entirely based on ethics. Unfortunately, such is not always the case.
Ethical Codes are in use today by many organizations to clearly establish their values and provide a procedure if a code violation occurs. Medical ethics began as a professional code for physicians and has now expanded and includes a variety of health care professions and health care organizations. The growth of medical knowledge and technology have grown so have the concerns that ethical standards and issues facing our society today may be compromised or not appropriately addressed (Littleton et al., 2010).
It provides health-care professionals with ethical principles and standards by which to guide their practice. There are boundaries to the roles most of the codes can be used within. The expectation of what an ethical code can do changes depending on how ethical code in general is understood (Troy & Beringer, 2006).From my conclusion an ethical code can establish important values and describe a common ethical background for health care but is of limited use with solving new ethical problems.
Before a health care organization implements an EMR system, they should have a security system in place, which includes “access control” component. Access control within an EMR system is controlled by distinct user roles and access levels, the enforcement of strong login passwords, severe user verification/authorization and user inactivity locks. Health care of professionals regardless of their level, each have specific permissions for accessing data. Even though the organization have the right security system in place to prevent unauthorized users from access patient records, autonomous patients will expect to have access to his or her records with ease. Access their record will ensure that their information is correct and safe.
In today's world, individuals can make a single decision that can have a profoundly positive or negative effect on their family, their employer, coworkers, a nation, and even on the entire world. The life we lead reflects the strength of a single trait: our personal character. Personal ethics are different for each person but for the most part, people want to be known as a good person, someone who can be trusted, and he or she are concerned about his or her relationships and personal reputations. As we go through this paper, we will focus on answering what are ethics, what are your ethics, where do your ethics come from, and how do you manifest your ethics?