Power Distribution Reforms in India – a Journey from Monopoly Towards Competition.

A fiscal deficit is when a government's total expenditures exceed the tax revenues that it generates. A budget deficit can be cut by either reducing public expenditure or raising taxes. In this essay, I am going to analyse the benefits and costs of increasing tax rates to reduce fiscal deficits instead of cutting government expenditure.

As the global population increases exponentially, having passed six billion in 1999, the world population is expected to be 8.9 billion by the year 2050. The worlds energy consumption will increase by an estimated 54 percent by 2025. Energy demand in the industrialized world is projected to grow 1.2 percent per year. Energy is a critical component of sustained economic growth and improved standards of living. One of the major requirements for sustaining human progress is an adequate source of energy. As the world’s technological enhancements and standards of living improve, so too does their appetite for electricity.

Today, most people take electricity for granted, especially in the United States and other developed countries of the world. According to Walter Moss in his book, An Age of Progress?, Clashing Twentieth-Century Global Forces, during the twentieth century, perhaps no other technological advancement, even the automobile, affected the people of the world more than electricity. Electricity would become the foundation for the development of new technological advancements in industries such as agriculture, health and science, environment, and technology. Production and consumption in all these industries would continue to rise throughout the century with reliance on electricity to flourish.

Hence, as per the decision, the decision for eliminating is correct but doing nothing about the tax breaks and incentives to wealthier is not ethical. This is because, if the incentives is provided to wealthy people they will take the benefit of the same. This will help to wealthier people to generate more money and the poor people will not be able to take the benefits. The government should make schemes to provide loans to poor people and different which supports them and not only the wealthier

Recent doubt in country’s energy supply as a result of political concerns in the Middle East nations, and other foreign oil generating nations, also volatility in the prices of oil, and natural gas have contributed to increase country’s energy independence through a greater local energy supply and to minimize the greater effects of the economy from any prices fluctuation in the fossil fuel markets, including the natural gas price hike in 2004 and 2005 cyclone

Government has introduced many schemes, policies and incentives in order to enhance the use of electric

The restructured Philippine electric industry is divided into the transmission, generation, distribution and supply sectors (EPIRA, Section 5). Prior to the restructuring of the electricity sector, the government, through the National Power Corporation (NPC), performs both transmission and generation functions. Executive Order No. 215 and the EPIRA restructured and accordingly segregated these functions.

assets (ROA). NEC is in a very competitive market and therefore cannot raise its prices. It

Energy, especially from fossil fuels, is a key ingredient for all sectors of a modern economy and plays a fundamental role in improving the quality of life in less developed economies. In 2007, India is ranked fifth in the world in terms of energy demand; accounting for 3.6% of total energy consumed, and is expected to grow at 4.8% in the future. India imports 70% of the oil it uses, and the country has been hit

In order for these governments to function there was a need for revenue to meet the expenses incurred by these governments. This need for revenue was met by levying taxes on individuals and businesses. It has always been a question to the population being taxed as to whether or not the government was doing a good job in assessing and managing the money it collected from taxes.

Ontario’s electricity industry timeline starts from 1906 after the establishment of Hydro-Electric Power Commission of Ontario (HEPCO), a state-owned natural monopoly company. During 1970s to 1990s Ontario’s electricity planning was accomplished to reduce the Ontario Hydro’s debt (formerly HEPCO) which “did not pay the taxes nor intended to generate the profit” . The economic recession, and the inflation caused heavy cutting off the electricity demand which became the major setback and increasing cost of nuclear power plant had heavily increased the debt of Ontario hydro. In order to address the situation Ontario Hydro published a white paper to restructure Ontario Hydro. Ontario’s modern electricity

There is a great correlation between development and accessibility of electricity. “Excluding South Africa, the entire installed generation capacity of sub-Saharan Africa is only 28 Gigawatts, equivalent to that of Argentina” (World Bank). Providing electricity can lead many investors in sub-Saharan countries and also can generate small business to the local people such as welding, shaving and many more jobs.

What people, organization, and technology factors contributed to these problems? How much was management responsible? What about employees & customers? Why?

This new network of power is against the old type of simply levying (tax) and use of

Trinidad and Tobago Electricity Commission (T&TEC) is state owned and regulated and is by law, the sole retailer of electric power in the twin island Republic which was formed in 1946 after the merger of independent companies with well over 3000 employees. The company is responsible for the design, construction, operation and maintenance of the country 's electrical transmission and distribution network. The utility supplies electric power to customers on both islands via a single interconnected grid. T&TEC purchases the bulk electric power from independent generation companies for resale, and is also responsible for securing fuel supplies for the generation companies. (Trinidad and Tobago Electricity Commission, n.d.)