Pro-D Synthesis Lab Report

Abstract: The purpose of this experiment is to use the apparatus shown in figure 7-1 of experiment 6 found in the lab manual, to synthesize [1,3,5-C6H3(CH3)3]Mo(CO)3.(2016 Oleg) With this, characterization of the molecule can be accomplished using the infrared spectrum and NMR spectrum of the synthesized compound. It was found in the IR spectra of the product, that suitable stretches were found associated with the C-O bonds of mestylene and molybdenum. With One strong spectra was found at 1855.3973 cm-1 , one medium strength spectra was found at 1942.6002 cm-1 , and one weak spectra of C-O stretch was found at 1298.8638cm-1 . The 1H NMR spectrum of the product showed peaks at δ 2.28 and 5.25, while the H NMR spectrum of mesitylene gave peaks at δ

Vitamin D plays a critical role in many normal bodily functions as well as fighting against a wide number of health barriers. In an article by Jacqueline Kanopa, studies revealed that exposure to ultraviolet rays play a huge part in Vitamin D production, as well as having preventative effects on a disorder known as rickets; which leads to weakened bones due to lack of Vitamin D. This study supports the belief that exposure to UV rays play a critical role in Vitamin D production, and can be beneficial to those prone to certain

Tanning salons also state that some UV radiation is needed for the manufacturing of vitamin D. Vitamin D certifies that a constant level of calcium remains in the blood and controls its absorption. In an advertisement for tanning equipment, one tanning bed company, The Beach House Tanning, claims that the sun is the only source of Vitamin D (http://www.beachouse.com/tanning_benefits.htm). However, vitamin D is also found in foods such as dairy products, cereal, and fish (http://shrike.depaul.edu/~vbard/vitdpg.html), and it takes far less UV radiation to obtain the necessary amount of vitamin D than it does to get a suntan (http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/tanning.html).

Many factors influence how much sunlight exposure individuals receive and thus impact the amount of Vitamin D that the body can synthesize. Latitude, season of the year, time of day, sunblock, melanin content of the skin, age, and clothing are a few of these factors. Cannell and associates describes that individuals who train and/or compete above the 35 degree latitude marker, which is half of the United States and all of Canada and Europe, do not receive enough sun exposure to synthesize enough Vitamin D, especially during the fall and winter seasons 2. Others who are at risk are those who engage in indoor sports or train primarily indoors, such as gymnasts, indoor track and field athletes, basketball players, and wrestlers to name a few. There is also a surprisingly high amount of Vitamin D deficiency described in Miami, Florida because of the extensive use of sunblock 3.

In step five, the unstable COA, of the succinyl COA is replaced with two phosphate groups which are then transferred to two separate adenosine diphosphate (ADP) in order to form two adenosine triphosphate (ATPs). The transfer of the phosphates between the unstable molecule of succinyl COA and the ADP creates energy that “charges” two ADP forming two ATPs. The remaining four-carbon molecule is called a succinate. The energy produced in this step is the sum total of all the energy produced during the krebs cycle.

Vitamin D is a bit mystifying--the only vitamin that's also a hormone, and the only vitamin people don't have to consume from food. You manufacture it when your skin is exposed to the sun. See how you do on this quick quiz.

D vitamins are necessary to facilitate the dietary absorption of essential minerals like phosphate, zinc or calcium. They are especially important in the metabolism of calcium. A deficiency in calcium metabolism by the body is at the base of conditions such as osteoporosis, hypocalcaemia, osteomalcia or rickets. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and depressive symptoms have been linked to low vitamin D. Vitamin D refers to a group of fat-soluble secosteroids. These compounds are generally synthethized by the body through skin exposure to sunlight. This mechanism is compromised by a sedentary lifestyle. Vitamin D may also be acquired through diet, but there are few dietary sources. Dietary supplementation use would be particularly useful to sedentary people and to dark-skinned people living in temperate

I chose for my enrich topic for this week the subject of the "Synthesis of Urea". I chose this because I like the historical aspect of scientific discoveries. I immediately learned that when you do a Google scholar search for "synthesis of urea" that you get a number of results about modern patents on synthesizing urea. It was sort of difficult to find a historical article on the synthesis or urea in the scientific journal databases. I found a couple of articles from the 1920s that talked about Friedrich Wöhler, the man credited with the first synthesis of urea, "a naturally occurring organic compound from inorganic materials." ("urea". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 2016. Web. 26 Oct.

There is a growing interest in Vitamin D these past few years. Vitamin D is for the metabolism of the bone. It is important throughout life. Aside from that, Vitamin D have many other functions in the human body that plays an important role in the prevention of chronic diseases. Vitamin D is very important and we get enough of it from the time we are born.

During the Industrial Revolution we see a drastic shift from an outside to inside workplace. People changed from a farming and factory job to a commercial and office job. As a result of the limited time spent outside due to the workplace there was an increase of Vitamin D deficiencies among the people. Yet, receiving a sufficient amount of Vitamin D is essential for the body since this vitamin does not only aid in strong bones, but many other crucial organs. This vitamin is important for all age groups, especially younger children since it is vital for brain development. But, it also benefits our respiratory system and a deficiency can cause respiratory distress, such as asthma. Vitamin D can not be absorbed through food, since it has to be

If a person is deficient in Vitamin D, they may have a greater chance of getting this disease. One area of key interest is that in patients who have this disease, can enhancing the uptake of Vitamin D alleviate symptoms of

Another hormone involved in the regulation of calcium levels is calcitriol. Differently from the other two hormones discussed in this text, vitamin D, as it is also known, is a hydrophobic peptide hormone and thus acts via its nuclear receptor (VDR) in a slower, steroid-like mechanism. By activating its receptor, this hormone regulates gene promotion via nuclear response elements (VDRE). This way, vitamin D stimulates the upregulation of calcium transporters in the gastrointestinal tract, resulting in an increase in plasma calcium levels by raising the ion uptake. Moreover, it also induces a higher renal reabsorption of calcium and promotes bone resorption, increasing

Vitamin D is called the “sunshine vitamin” because it is formed naturally in the skin in the presence of the UV rays found in sunlight.

Have you ever thought when you were putting on sunscreen to prevent a sunburn, you could actually be causing something much more harmful? Sunscreen has been around since 1928 in order to prevent the harsh ultraviolet-rays from the sun burning our skin and thus preventing skin cancer. In contrast, studies have shown that sunscreen has caused many people to contract skin cancer due to harsh chemicals added into the products. Sunscreen also prevents your body from absorbing Vitamin D. Mercola, the world 's #1 natural health website discusses how Dr. William Grant, a vitamin D expert scientist, found that about 30% of cancer deaths could be prevented by more vitamin D intake. That equates to 2 million people

Spending time in the sun causes an increase in vitamin D levels. According to the Assistant Professor at Touro University, Kim Pfotenhaur, wearing sunscreen prevents this vitamin gain. Pfotenhaur states that sunscreen “essentially nullifies the body’s ability to produce vitamin D,” (“Sunscreen…”). The article goes into further detail explaining how it is healthy to have unprotected exposure to the sun. Vitamin D is necessary for normal body functions like cell growth and proper immune functioning. A study was done that stated almost a billion people worldwide have a vitamin D deficiency due to wearing sunscreen while outside. The article recommends