Protoplanet Hypothesis

By the 16th century, astronomers began to note irregularities in the accepted model of the solar system. In the early 1500s, Nicolaus Copernicus noted that the planets had slight discrepancies between their observed and presumed positions. Copernicus thought that the Sun was

the heliocentric solar system. Johannes Kepler further modified the heliocentric system, by mathematically showing that the planets’ orbits are elliptical. With his invention of the telescope, Galileo made new observations about the solar system and found mathematical laws that described the movement of the planets. Later, Isaac Newton established a universal law of gravity. With the new scientific discoveries, the gap between religion and science increased. Science revolutionized the human though and its understanding of the universe.

Stellar evolution stars exist because of gravity. The two opposing forces in a star are gravity (contracts) and thermal nuclear energy (expands). Stage 1 Birth is where gravity contracts the cloud and the temperature rises, becoming a protostar. Protostars are a hypothetical cloud of dust and atoms in space which are believed to develop into a star. Astronomers are fairly certain of their existence. Protostars are formed about a million years after a gas clump from an interstellar gas cloud has started

Although all nine planets are a huge part of the solar system there's a lot more to the solar system than the nine planets. According to scientist the Solar System started out as an enormous cloud of gas and dust. Scientist believe that the cloud of dust and gas began to collapse under the weight of its own gravity and it did. The matter that was kept within itself began moving in a giant circle and at the center of the spinning cloud a tiny star began to form. The star eventually grew larger and collected more dust and gas that collapsed into it. Farther from the center of the mass that was being formed there was many smaller clumps of dust and gas that were also collapsing. The large cloud in the center eventually became the sun while the smaller clumps formed the planets, moons, comets and,

The life cycle of the Sun starts like all stars with a cloud of dust and gas made up of mostly hydrogen. If the cloud cools, it will shrink because of the gravitational pull between the particles

As the universe expanded, matter collected into clouds that began to condense and rotate, forming the forerunners of galaxies. Changes in pressure caused gas and dust to form distinct clouds. If the mass of material in the cloud was sufficiently compressed, nuclear reactions began, and the sun and the stars were born (Sciences, n.d.). The creation story “the sun mother” explains why the universe was created, whereas this differs from the scientific explanation where it focusses more on how the universe was

In inspiring people to have the passion in understanding the universal laws that govern us all, Professor Stephen Hawking reminds us on his speech for his 70th birthday to “remember to look up at the stars and not down at your feet” (enoch, 2012). Many scientists have been “looking up” and have discovered answers to the many questions that we have of the universe for ages. They have constructed theories, launched satellites, observed stellar phenomena, and even sent living beings in space to gain more understanding of the existence of everything. After centuries of research and observation, there are still some aspects of Astronomy that are still to be explored. One of them is the evolution of the Solar System, which is composed of the Sun and everything that travels around it. This includes eight planets and their natural satellites such as the Earth’s moon; dwarf planets such as Pluto and Ceres; asteroids; comets and meteoroids (Solar System Exploration, 2014). The Solar System is located in the Milky Way Galaxy, which is a part of a galactic group under the Virgo Supercluster. Figure 1 shows the location of our Solar System in the Universe. Many theories have been proposed on how the Solar System existed, but none has been completely successful. This spans from the time of the Ancient Greeks to the present 21st Century. As of now, the widely accepted theory is the Nebular Theory, which describes how the Solar System started as a large cloud of gas that contracted under

A second key detail from the debate is the discovering of what nebulae really are and where they are located as well. This is important because it allows us

When the sun was a young star, the leftover material formed what would be planetary disks. These are accounted by all the planets in the solar system. Venus was made into the second planet from the sun. Over the next billion years the planet formed. There

In the nebular hypothesis, the solar system started out as a cloud. The cloud of gas cooled and shrank into a sphere. The law of conservation of angular momentum caused the sphere to spin faster. Centrifugal forces caused some of the matter to fly off of the sun. This matter formed a ring around the sun. The matter that was originally a part of the sun cooled and condensed into the planets. One problem with the nebular hypothesis is that an unreasonably large amount of gravitational pull would be needed to condense the rings of matter into planets. Also, the Sun, although containing most of the mass in the solar system, has only a small fraction of the angular momentum.

The solar system started out as a cloud of gas and dust. Now, it is full of planets, moons, asteroids and comets. They began forming more than 4 billion years ago.

A: The the reason why the clouds begin to spin faster was because of the things that we call angular momentum. We don't know or we know that the the change in shape will affect the speed of rotation however the mass will stay the same. So as the cloud continue to compress in order to conserve the angular momentum the nebula began to speed up. This speeding up allowed for the cloud to leave behind little particles of dust and gas that would later form our planets.

The life cycle of the star is a long process that has taken place for billions of years and will continue to take place long after our star is no longer in existence. In this essay I will be explaining the magnificent process of how a star is first born till the end of its life cycle. First, I will be explaining how the star is first formed in all its beauty big or small. Then, I will be explaining the path of an average star like our own sun will take. After, I will be explaining the journey of a massive star in all its glory till its destructive end. All stars are first formed in clouds of gas called nebulae, turbulence deep within the nebulae causes cores to form as the mass begins to grow the nebulae begins to collapse upon itself due to

Several unresolved problems remain concerning the Orion Nebula. The fate of the protoplanetary disks, for example, is presently impossible to predict. Without a more detailed understanding of how planets actually form, it cannot be assumed that the events within the Orion Nebula are analogous to the events that led to the formation of the planets in the solar system. Furthermore, the detection of water in the nebula has revealed the need to revise the theory of star formation to

The first exoplanet found, Peg 51 b, challenged the then present theory of giant planet formation. Models of giant planet formation stated that Jupiter-like planets form at distances of 4-5 AU, AU being the distance from