Define psychotherapeutic agents. Briefly describe conditions that psychotherapeutiv agents are used to treat.
Psychotherapeutic agents are used to treat psychosis by altering mood and behavior. Each type of psychotherapeutic agent act differently but they can affect the mind through receptor block, by inhibition of transporters and ect. The significant role of psychotherapeutic agents in the effective treatment of mental illness is largely dependent on the disorder for that they are largely prescribed. In some cases where mental illness is biological, such as bipolar disorder or schizophrenia, pharmaceutical therapy with psychotherapeutic drugs is used as a primary form of treatment. In other cases, like in dissociative disorder or personality
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Using psychotherapeutic agents on older adults put them more at risk because they may have physical symptoms such as dry mouth, headache, etc. somatic complications which may lead to conditions that seriously impair the patient's health, such as tardive dyskinesia or choleostatic jaundice, behavioral toxicity, noxious modifications of the patient's behavior as the serious result of the drug's action, psycho-motor retardation, drug-dependence, etc. Compliance problems, i.e. unreliable or irregular adherence to the drug prescribed regime by the patient. Restriction of the patient's learning capacity, that may represent an obstacle to the application of treatment modalities, e.g. to the patient's social re-adaptation or behavior modification. With psychotherapy, Psychodynamic interference, e.g. by diminishing the patient's motivation in order to pursue this kind of treatment or by disturbing the structure of his defenses. Reducing the physicians' therapeutic efficacy if he or she relies on psychotropic agents exclusively. The nursing measures to implement when working with these patients and include the rationale for each measure are to monitor in close observation and report each and every medical improvement and its related complication with their concerned doctor immediately. The nurse should provide the medicine and get the lab test and its results in a timely manner without any delay under any conditions, situations and
Depression is a symptom of a clear reluctance, lack of will and ability of man to get himself. The will of life is the energy that helps throughout a lifetime, the power that drives everything and everyone. No motivation and no desire for anything engine. Person who is in a state of depression, as he lost his motivation and energy to function in daily life in general. Such a reluctance may be due to many different reasons a person's various levels. Depression is characterized by a number of common symptoms, feelings of sadness, or feeling down in the dumps. It can leave you feeling continuously, like having the joy of life ripped away from you. To understand the on goings in the mind of the depressed and to find the source of the issue to resolve what are the of depression is problematic. Depression is a growing issue, while
Antipsychotics are medications that physicians use to treat psychotic disorders such as Schizophrenia, Delusional disorder, Paraphrenia, and Substance-induced psychotic disorders. These disorders are characterised by the patient’s inability to make good judgments, think with a clear head, communicate effectively, relate to society, and understand reality. Antipsychotic drugs are also useful in the treatment of bipolar conditions that involve extreme cases of manic behaviour. Examples of these drugs include Thorazine and Trilafon. These drugs belong to a drug class called phenothiazines. They work by changing the actions of chemicals in the brain. The drugs can be beneficial, however, Steen et al. (2014) argue that the medicines have several harmful effects such as changes
There are so many different kinds of medications used to treat patients, but the most common ones that psychiatric assistants prescribe exist as antipsychotic and antidepressants. Antidepressants usually relate to a substance that treats mood disorders. Antipsychotic medications usually are taken daily in pills or liquid form. However, some may get injected, which means their only given once or twice a month. The biggest mental disorder that antipsychotic are prescribed for has occurred in patients with schizophrenia. “Schizophrenia is a psychosis characterized by delusions, hallucinations, apathy, and a “split” between thought and emotion.” (Coon & Mitterer 487) “Patients with this disorder tend to have withdrawal from contact with other, a loss of interest in external activities, a breakdown of personal habits, and an inability to deal with daily events.” (486) “Also, it is hard for patients with schizophrenia to focus on one item of information at a time.” (486) Four major types of schizophrenia consist of catatonic, disorganized, paranoid, and undifferentiated. The first type, catatonic, involves disturbances in a person’s movement. Patients with this disorder type tend to just sit there and they do not talk or move. They show no emotion. “The second type, disorganized, or known as “hebephrenic schizophrenia”, patients experience bizarre thinking and flat or grossly inappropriate emotions.” (487) “Typically, this type of schizophrenia develops in adolescence or young adulthood.” (487) “The third type, paranoid, is marked by a preoccupation with delusions or by frequent auditory hallucinations related to a single theme, especially grandeur or persecution.” (488) “Patients think that God, the government, or “cosmic rays from space” are controlling their minds or trying to poison them.” (488) “According to the largest study ever
Therapy for psychosis often works best when combined with medication, although this is not always
Medication is the major treatment; the drugs are used to keep the patient’s illness under control, although this can have its down sides. There is no way a doctor can be sure a medication will be the correct one for a certain patient. This means the medications must be experimented or played with until the right drug and dosage is found. If the wrong medication was to be administered side, effects such as dry mouth, drowsiness,
I learnt that using anti-psychotics is just a component of a holistic approach to a patient with psychotic illness and that care should also include psychological treatments
Different interventions to treat schizophrenia have been explored. There is no specific treatment that has proven to reduce symptoms definitively. Individualized treatments along with psychosocial models have yielded positive results in the reduction of psychosis. The use of
The assessments performed on this patient were vital signs, blood glucose levels and regular blood tests. The vital signs were temperature 36.5 degrees, 80 beats per minute, 20 respiratory rates, blood pressure was 140/70 and oxygen saturation was 99%. This objective data is all within normal range (Bellchambers 2015, p. 588). It is important to monitor the patients’ blood pressure as he has hypertension. This gives the healthcare professionals a baseline of his blood pressure so they can determine a difference in the patient’s health.
The clinical pathway of “good” prescribing in the older patient can be more extensive than younger populations. It is also over looked and can cause many problems in the elderly patients. In regards to any kind of prescription one has to have an accurate diagnosis to begin with. It is important for a physician to first and foremost understand the pathophysiology of the diagnosis so that the correct drug can be matched. Secondly the health care provider must assess the pros and cons of the treatment or to even treat the patient at all (Aronson, 2006). With elderly patients inappropriate prescribing is on the rise. Older adults are usually on multiple drugs so its important to have background information before prescribing any form of treatment. This is where it is good to limit the number of people that
Psychotherapy under REBT uses the ABC model. A is the Activating event, such as getting rejected; B is the belief about the event, which is irrational in these cases, such as, “this man doesn’t love me so I must be unlovable;” C is the Consequence of the belief, which would be neuroticism.While A, B, and C typically occur in this order, they are rearrangeable and have the capability to influence each other.. Human beings have fundamental Goals, G, based around achieving pleasure and avoiding pain. B is primarily based on if A facilitates or inhibits G, which leads to healthy or unhealthy consequences, C. When B is irrational, iB, and high unrealistic, D and E are applied, in which the belief is Disputed until the patient gains an Effective new philosophy. Disputing is done by proving there is no substantial evidence to support the irrational beliefs, helping them emotionally, or behaviorally by having them act out the disturbance until they see it only as an inconvenience.
I believe that the art of psychotherapy is more important than empirically validated treatments (EVT). I feel that the art of psychotherapy lies in the common factors, which include the therapeutic relationship, client and therapist factors (e.g., personality), helping clients deal with problems, and hope or expectancy factors (Reisner, 2005). Although I do believe that empirically validated treatments may enhance the therapeutic process, the treatments themselves are by no means the most important or fundamental aspects of therapy. There appears, at least to me, to be much more of an art involved in developing the relationship with the client and understanding the client’s perspective. It takes art and skill of a therapist to examine,
A third treatment alternative is drug. A therapist can't recommend pharmaceutical. they should allude their patient to a therapist who will then decide the suitable medicine for the patient's
Educational institutions have a responsibility to dissuade students from pursuing fields of study in which they are unlikely to succeed. This is a highly debated topic; where some people think the educational institutions do not have the right to tell a student if they are suited for a particular career path while others feel this is part of the education process to help narrow down the choices as to what career path is best suited for the student. Educational institutions are the driving force to provide a quality education while enhancing the many skills an individual may hold. Data from an accredited University and statements from a noted Psychotherapist provide the facts that students need guidance in making informed choices for their
The prospect of tumours in the paediatric population is heart wrenching for parents and caregivers alike. The instinctive need for humans to care and protect their offspring leads to emotions of despair, anguish and hopelessness. Neurosurgeons are familiar with these emotions, as brain tumours represent the second most common paediatric tumour(1). Germinomas, even though rare, are unique to the paediatric population and adequate treatment of these tumors tend to have a good prognosis. In a few patients, there can be spread of the tumour, usually along the cerebrospinal fluid pathways with distant metastases being rare(2). Patients with this disseminated disease tend to present a unique challenge in managing the disease process.
When people think of psychoanalysis, usually one name comes to mind. This would be Sigmund Freud. Freud, along with Carl G. Jung and Alfred Adler, has impacted the history of psychoanalysis. Further, he has influenced the lives of the men and women during the early 1900s. In today's society, the history of psychoanalysis is continually being discussed among many scholars. Paul Roazen, author of Encountering Freud: The Politics and Histories of Psychoanalysis, has dedicated his professional career to researching the "impact of Freud and his followers not only on politics but on the cultural and intellectual life of this century" (Chodoff 132). One main theme that Roazen emphasizes is the relationship between