Barack Obama’s, “A More Perfect Union” Rhetorical Analysis
Barack Obama was a senator in the state of Illinois who was in the running for the presidency of United States of America when he delivered the speech titled, “A More Perfect Union”. In Barack Obama’s “A More Perfect Union”, Barack Obama addresses the race relations and tensions in the United States of America after a video surfaced of Barack Obama’s pastor, Jerimiah Wright bringing up the issues with a condescending tone put out towards the United States of America. Barack Obama is caught in a predicament with his pastor uttering hurtful words about the country he is supposedly in the running for the president for. Senator Obama ingeniously designs his message to be thickly veiled with allusions to history and seemingly random compilations of stories. It is all related to Obama’s use of rhetoric as he expertly divides his speech into sections to talk to his two divided audiences, the white Democrats and the African Americans. Obama manages to bring them together by playing to their emotions, character, and overall humanity; Barack Obama preaches unity at a time when the United States needs it the most.
Barack Obama’s rhetorical style and use of the English language can easily be traced back to the philosophies established by Aristotle and his ideas of rhetoric. Aristotle split up rhetoric into three different categories:
Pathos came to be the same word for denoting the audience as well as its feelings, just as logos became the keyword for discourse, convincing because of the arguments resorted to or just pleasing through mere form. As for the speaker, it represents the third key element in the rhetorical relationship. It is called the ethos or character, because one only trusts those who have the authority and the expertise to answer one’s issues. (Meyer 1)
Obama uses Aristotle’s proposition of rhetoric and seemingly adopts it into his writing to enhance his message and to further convince his audience of his cause to bring America to “A More Perfect Union”. Barack Obama structures “A More Perfect Union” in such a way that he is able to speak to each of his divided audiences as he admits that “the discussion of race in this campaign has taken a
In 2004, Obama walked up to the podium at the Democratic National Convention as a political novelty. The speech he delivered established Obama as a natural leader and transformed him into a future presidential candidate. Rich in demonstrative rhetoric, its purpose was to unite the American people through nationalism. The exploration of his rhetoric and style throughout this paper will cement why the speech was beneficially identity transforming for Obama's political career.
In Barack Obama’s speech, “A More Perfect Union,” Obama made an effort to educate the American people on the history and importance of race in America. He explained how our nations founding fathers developed our Constitution based on the idea that all men are created equal, without actually practicing this idea themselves. He used the words of the Constitution to discuss the current racial issues and to state his concern of our imperfect nation. This was all in response to the very controversial remarks Barack Obama’s pastor, Reverend Jeremiah Wright had previously stated, which created much unease among Americans. Obama felt the need to address our nation about this specific problem, since he identifies as a black man himself, and offer a solution to end this built up anger and discrimination between the American people. In his speech, “A More Perfect Union,” Obama is able to clearly convey the specific racial problem at hand that created the exigency for this speech, as well as effectively share his own personal connection with this issue, in order to help fix our country and work together to find a beneficial solution.
In response to the controversial sermon given by his pastor and the racial remarks that followed him during his 2008 campaign, then Senator Barack Obama, was inherently forced into delivering a speech that would address the comments and prove to the American people that he did in fact shared their “American Dream” and was not an Anti-America charity case. Obama gave his famous “A More Perfect Union” speech in Philadelphia, where he seized the opportunity to address the controversy as an indication of a much larger issue, race relations in America and introduce his mission of moving the country toward “a more perfect union.” His speech often coined, “the Race Speech”, had several factors play into its success, one factor being the way the speech was delivered, his speech incorporated the jeremiad form and constitutive form of rhetoric, the use of those two forms helped Obama address the issue while at the same time creating an identity that would encompass all Americans who would then come together in this identity and work toward the solution of the race issue and providing the “American Dream” for everyone.
The next element in the rhetorical situation is pathos. Pathos is defined as connecting the author and the reader using emotion. Pathos is more reader dependent than the other elements. Pathos helps the writer know to know their audience and who they are intending to write for. Connecting to the audience using pathos is a strong way to get the support of the reader. The audience needs to be moved by what they’re reading. Without pathos, the writer won’t be able to properly connect to their audience.
Barack Obama's powerful diction creates hope for the future of the United States with word choices such as “continue,” “shifted” and “ambitions.” Barack’s shift from informal to formal diction constructs an image of unity through the usage of simple, personal pronouns, such as “we” and “us.” The shifts from informal to formal and back appeal to the emotions of the audience because they feel as if Obama is talking directly to them. His allusions to the Bible are sentimental because when he says "the God given promise that all are equal, all are free, and all deserve a chance to pursue their full measure of happiness" he creates a bond between himself and his audience. His words have a motivating connotation that appeal to both logos and pathos. The way in which Barack Obama presents his ideas allows his audience to have confidence in him and his role as president.
In Obama’s speech “A More Perfect Union”, he emphasizes the importance of unity among Americans. He wants people to overlook their ethnic backgrounds and join together as one. This speech brought out many points that Americans should take into consideration. That even though we are all from different backgrounds, we should overlook our differences to make us a stronger nation. Obama’s speech was inspiring in some aspects, but in a way his speech also is controversial.
In the newspaper The New York Times, an article was recently published pertaining to the upcoming 2016 election titled, “Don’t Like the Candidates? Vote Anyway.” The author, Adam Grant, forged this persuasive-argumentative selection to convince readers to vote, despite both candidates lacking in several areas(3). Grant makes good use of all three of Aristotle’s ideas to construe a well thought out and convincing message to his audience. His ideas are executed in an excellent manner. Furthermore, not one of Aristotle’s ideas is used more than any other. This helps to streamline his main points, and create an even harmony within the article. Grant’s article effectively argues his point that people should vote no matter what, with the use of Aristotle’s three rhetorical ideas in a balanced fashion.
The use of repetition was one of the rhetorical devices used by Barack Obama in his speech, by mentioning some powerful words that advocate for for unity. Obama used phrases like “You and I,” and “Together, we.” He mentioned more than once the first sentence of the constitution of the United States “We, the people,” and declared that “Our Journey is not complete” (Klein) several times. These words reinforced his ideas of unity and evoked an image of that all Americans are equal and should have the same rights.
President Obama, like all Presidents before him, delivered a farewell address to the United States on January 20, 2017. As he stepped down as President he was eloquent and it was as clear as ever that he is a master of oration. Obama will go down in history as the first Black President as well as a strong orator who had the ability to captivate an audience through his use of ethos, pathos and logos amongst other rhetorical devices. His farewell address is a perfect example of Obama’s mastery of discourse as it is chock full of oratorical devices. Obama’s message to the American people and to the rest of the world is that it is essential that we maintain a sense of what it means to have a democracy and that in order to maintain peace and
Barrack Obama’s inauguration speech successfully accomplished his goal by using rhetoric to ensure our nation that we will be under safe hands. The speech is similar from ideas obtained from the founding documents and Martin Luther King’s speech to establish ‘our’ goal to get together and take some action on the problems our country is now facing. As President Barrack Obama starts his speech, he keeps himself from using ‘me’, ‘myself’, and ‘I’ and replacing it with ‘we’, ‘us’, and ‘together’ to achieve ethos. He makes sure his audience connects with him directly by making them feel at his level, and him at theirs. This way he connects to the audience, and in exchange, helps his
In Barack Obama’s speech, “A More Perfect Union”, he addresses the remarks of his pastor, Jeremiah Wright. Obama was heavily criticised for what Wright had said in his sermon. Obama's purpose for his speech was not only to address his pastors outburst, but also to speak about racial relations and the intricacies revolving around race. He accomplishes this through means of dynamic diction, the use of we instead of I, and by establishing his own credibility as well as Wright's.
There is not one rhetorical strategy used in this speech as ethos, pathos, and logos are all seen. Obama appeals to emotion very successfully reaching people affected by racial issues. Obama successfully uses allusion and repetition, along with personal anecdotes to relate with the audience. Ethos is a rhetorical strategy used to appeal to
Barrack Obama’s inauguration speech successfully executed crafty rhetoric to ensure our country that we will be under safe hands. The speech draws from ideas straight from the founding documents and Martin Luther King’s speech to establish ‘our’ goal to join together and take action on the many problems facing our country. As President Barrack Obama begins his speech, He refrains from using ‘me’, ‘myself’, and ‘I’ but instead ‘we’, ‘us’, and ‘together’ to establish ethos. He makes sure his audience feels at his level, and he at theirs. This way he connects to the audience, and in turn, aids his
President Barack H. Obama has been always using rhetorical strategies in his political speeches. He used these strategies to present important pointes and views of his in front of public. Delivering points and views properly and logically got him to be the president in the first place. President Obama used mostly ethos and pathos yet some logos to deliver his inaugural and the state of union speeches. Being that, he was able to reach audience emotionally and make the speech flow efficiently while he preserved his credibility. Each speech has own audience that differ from the other. In the inaugural speech the audience was the public and therefor the speech was short and used sort sentences that are easy to understand. On the other hand, the state of union speech audience was mostly the congers members and therefore the language was more specific and filled with political terminology. Both speeches will be discussed upon context and using ethos, pathos and logos consecutively.
In a world of politics, many politicians are involved in negative campaigns and as a result healthy conversation among politicians often lead to a disaster. With the endless political news cycles, rhetoric is essential for politicians to deliver their speeches. Therefore, in this essay, the style and delivery of Bill Clinton’s speech at the Democratic National Convention will be examined. It will be using the three main appeals of Aristotle’s mode of persuasion, the five essential rhetoric elements and the classical canons to analysed the speech and evaluate its effectiveness all of which will contribute to its persuasive power to leave a memorable impression in the minds of the audience.