Sex offenders can be described as a person who has committed any of a variety of offenses, including rape, child abuse, possession of child pornography, exhibitionism (flashing), and even consensual sex amongst teenagers.They can vary between adults or juveniles, male or female, and the perpetrators may even be strangers, acquaintances, or related to their victims. Based on the different characteristics and motivations for committing these heinous offenses, these offenders require different responses that are appropriate in order to accurately treat, manage, and supervise them. This research paper will review types of offenses and offenders; pervasiveness of sexual abuse and recidivism; and responses to sexual offending, including treatment, supervision, and management practices for this population. There is a long history of rape and rape culture. Over the years history has changed the definition of rape because it was too broad and different jurisdictions interpreted it differently to disenfranchise certain victims. Rape is defined by Webster Dictionary as “ to seize and take away by force.” Legal definition of rape is “nonconsensual sexual intercourse that is committed by physical force, threat of injury, or other duress.” Common law defines rape as “unlawful intercourse by a man against a woman who is not his wife, by force or threat and against her will.” The new definition states rape as “penetration, no matter how slight of the vagina or anus with any body part
Sex offenders have been a serious problem for our legal system at all levels, not to mention those who have been their victims. There are 43,000 inmates in prison for sexual offenses while each year in this country over 510,000 children are sexually assaulted(Oakes 99). The latter statistic, in its context, does not convey the severity of the situation. Each year 510,000 children have their childhood's destroyed, possibly on more than one occasion, and are faced with dealing with the assault for the rest of their lives. Sadly, many of those assaults are perpetrated by people who have already been through the correctional system only to victimize again. Sex offenders, as a class of criminals, are nine times more likely to repeat their
One emergent theme to arise was the connection participants experienced working with both sex offenders and victims, as Participant 1 described, “you get the balance, you get the full sort of picture or you get the full experience or impact from both parties so you don’t become too skewed in a way”. The reasons behind this appeared to be that although the work was very different with both groups, with the programme for sex offenders being very evidence based compared to that of the victims, by working with victims and witnessing their trauma and the impacts of the abhorrent crimes, provides one half of the picture, which then helps when the participants are working with sex offenders, because as
There have been many federal acts passed in correspondence with sex offenses that illicit feat with the public. There are many different types of ways in which Levenson & colleagues’ (2007) describes the perceptions that the public has based on certain factors. For instance, in relation to the perception about the sex offender notification system, a survey produced results of around 80 percent in favor of these registries, because these individuals felt safer in their communities knowing who was in their neighborhood. Further, due to this fear that resonated in the early 1990’s communities do have tools such as residential restrictions, civil commitment, notification procedures, etc. that aid in the protection. However, there are myths associated with sex offenders, for example legislation often states that the reasoning for new laws and regulations is due to the high recidivism rates. However, sex offenders have significantly lower recidivism rates than believed. Also, there are countless people who do not believe that sex offenders can be assisted with techniques from a psychological standpoint. Most people think that these offenders cannot be treated, however, there is research being conducted that is promising. Finally, there is a common misconception that sex offenders kill their victims, especially children more often than other killers, however this is not true.
When working with this specific population mental health professionals are often called on to evaluate and manage sex offender’s behavior. There are also times when individuals may be asked to give an opinion as to if the offender will repeat the behavior. Often times people that work with this population are referred to as (SOSs) Sex Offender Specialists. They have a specific group of diverse training and background. Some of these trainings incIude but are not limited to cognitive-behavioral, psychopharmacological, and therapeutic orientations.
Stories of sex offenders have been increasingly a focus of attention by the criminal justice system over the past years. By legal definition, a sex offender “is a person who is convicted of a sexual offense (Sex Offender Law & Legal Definition),” an act which is prohibited by the jurisdiction. What constitutes as a sex offense or normal/abnormal sexual behavior varies over time and place, meaning that it also varies by legal jurisdiction and culture. In the United States of America, for example, a person can be convicted of wide range of sexual behavior that includes prostitution, incest, sex with a minor, rape, and other sex offenses (Sex Offender Law & Legal Definition). As the nature of sex crimes have long held the
I selected polygraph data from 60 case files for in this study. Participants were males aged 10-18 enrolled in 12 months residential treatment facility for juveniles with sexual behavior problems in Idaho. The demographic characteristics are presented in data below. This group included youth who received only resided at Sequel for residential sexual behavior problems. Services provided included group therapy, individual, family, and trauma therapy. The program director and clinicians were licensed mental health providers who met established criteria for providing treatment to juvenile sex offenders in the state of Idaho. All participants are court ordered to this facility for charges of sexual offenses on adults or children. Most of the youth are on probation with will be until they are 21 years of age. This facility only treats male sex
About 43.9% of sex offenders identified both male and female perpetrators as opposed to 9.6% of nonsexual offenders. These individuals were exposed to more severe forms of victimization with a longer duration. Sex offenders endured an average of 5.6 years of abuse while nonsexual offenders experienced 3.9 years. Through the use of logistic regression analyses, Burton, Miller, and Shill (2002) concluded that method of operation and gender of abuser accurately predicts whether an individual will sexually offend. The analysis correctly predicted and placed 78.3% of the sex-offending males into their correct groups.
In America, rape has been around since the 1800’s. Rape culture in the U.S. started with white men raping black women during slavery and unfortunately it was allowed. When black women were raped, they wouldn’t consider it a crime because it was the norm. According to the article, “History of the Rape Crisis Movement” written by Gillian Greensite, “White men would get in groups and rape black women.” African American women had no rights and therefore no voice to protest these action until 1866, when a group of African American women finally spoke out about being raped during a memphis riot by a gang of white men. (Sniffen)
Where they will have hard time over coming it, and moving on. In order to stop these types of activities and the public becoming more victims of this crime, the criminal justice system have created new laws and regulation for future preventions. For example there is website for sexual offender, that website holds records of all registered sexual offender where they live. From example there, the public can see where they live and if they feel conformable living there. If someones been a victim, I doubt they wanna live near any of them, because of the fear of being victimized. That fear can impact victim, some children who were victimized are not able to share till they are older. The criminal justice system tried to prevent this act from occurring, by arresting, convicting, and punishing them. Some perpetrator are mentally not okay, which leads them this act. This is where rehabilitation programs are available to help the offender. As mentions in the article, “Rehabilitation, etiology, and self-regulation: The comprehensive good lives model of treatment for sexual offenders”, by Tony Ward has “reduced sexual recidivism rates from 17.4% to 9.9%” This happened because offenders received helped that actually help them like, like getting behavioral
The number of registered sex offenders have increasingly grew over the years. Every day you see a man or women added to the registry for crimes against women and mostly children. The sex offender registries biggest and main focus is to keep the people in the community in each city and state informed and protected. ”Sex offenders and sex crimes provoke a great deal of anxiety in our society.” Baker, J, Brannon, Y, N., Fortney. , Levenson, J.S. (“Public Perceptions about Sex Offenders and Community Protection”). The sex offender registry is based solely on protecting the public from being a victim
They can be your next door neighbor, someone down the street, or even a stranger behind you in line at the shopping center. Sex offenders are out there. They do not wear a label on them that says, “I am a registered sex offender”. They are required to register on the sex offender registry list as well as inform neighbors, put it on job applications, live a certain distance away from any zone which contain children, and follow several other places they are forbidden to go as part of their release from prison. However, one thing not stated upon their release is the way they are treated by everyone in the community when the re-enter the world. A sex offender is the pariah of the community. They are not welcome and most certainly are the easy target for society to cast blame when a crime is committed. The community acts the only way they know how, and they will do anything to protect the ones they love.
In the United States, failure to adequately discriminate between and among sex offenses and the overuse of the label “sex offense” has led to the polarization and over criminalization of sex crimes and has resulted in a lack of reintegration options for these alleged criminals. The term “sex offender” needs to be reserved for those individuals who best represent the meaning of the term. (Colbert, 2011, p. 1) According to US Department of Justice, a sex offender is anyone convicted of an offense of a sexual nature under the law of any jurisdiction, this also includes juveniles fourteen years of age and older. (Colbert, 2011, p. 1) In the United States, the term sex offender is too broad and can be very misleading. There is a widespread misconception among society that the meaning of sex offender is pedophile and rapist, but a sex offender can be someone that was caught urinating in public or they can be underage teenagers having consensual sex. This lack of distinction between sex offenses results in a misinformed society and this absence of information in regards to sex offenses and the presence of the sex offender registry fuels society 's ignorance and heightened prejudices towards "sex offenses." The stigma that comes with the label "sex offense” persists beyond sentencing due to the parameters of the law, making reintegration of alleged criminals into society overbearing and near impossible. These registries are public record, however they only state partial information
A sex offender is a particular grouping of words that tends to scare people when they hear them together. It is even scarier when you think about the possible crime that might have gone along with being convicted as a sex offender. One of my favorite TV programs is Law and Order: SVU. Over the years, this show has portrayed a vast variety of heinous crimes. We as a society cringe when we think of something bad happening to our children and tend to judge before we know the full story. This paper will talk about some of Megan’s law and similar laws in the state of Mississippi.
When entering the social work program I never gave much thought to who I did not want to work with, rather my focus was entirely on what population I do want to work with. After long thought, I decided I do not want to work with sex offenders, I’d rather work with children and perhaps that is where I get my bias against sex offenders or perhaps it stems from other reasons. Through my research, I am hoping to discover new information about sex offenders that may change my opinion and help me to see them in a new light.
Sex offenders tend to blend in to society virtually unnoticed until they offend or reoffend (Polizzi, MacKenzie, & Hickman, 1999). Currently, there is a large group of mental health professionals representing a variety of disciplines, including psychology, psychiatry clinical social work, counseling, and medicine, that continue to believe in the potential efficacy of treating sex offenders. Over the past decade, the sex offender treatment field has grown rapidly and the treatment of juvenile sex offenders is on the rise (Parks & Bard, 2006). The rationale for treating juvenile offenders is based on research which indicates that inappropriate sexual behavior patterns develop early and a failure to intervene and change behavior early often means that the offender will continue to escalate his/her inappropriate behavior, which could present an even greater danger to society (Ayland & West, 2006). Vivian-Bryne, (2004) suggests that professionals who treat adult sex offenders report that offenders who are incarcerated will eventually return to the community and therefore, therapeutic measures should be taken to reduce the likelihood that they will reoffend even if those measures have not conclusively been identified as effective. Sexual offenders may find therapy valuable because it can allow them to retrace their upbringing to help them identify and understand the roots of their