Stars and Black Holes Essay

Throughout the modern era of astronomy, a single type of celestial object has puzzled astronomers more than any other. Black holes, whose existence was only verified in the early 1990’s, have fascinated scientists ever since Einstein first proposed the theoretical concept in the 1930’s. A black hole is an object so tiny, but also so dense, that it has the power to pull planets, stars, and even light into its core, and ultimately destroy everything in its path. Over the past decade much has been discovered about these enigmas of space and time; however, many of these recent discoveries lead to more unanswered questions. Nevertheless, the basic life cycle of a black hole is now understood in ways thought to be impossible only twenty years

The existence of black holes was first theorized by John Mitchell in 1783. Mitchell accepted Newton’s laws of gravity and suggested that light escaping from the surface of a star would have its speed reduced due to the gravitation pull of the star, and therefore if a star’s gravitation pull was strong enough even light would not be able to escape.[1] Using the approximate speed of light he reasoned that if an object was approximately 500 times the mass of the sun light would not be able

I believe that CEOs should be compensated based off of their qualifications. Many CEO's possess both the educational and professional experience credentials to command significant salaries. In comparison to most middle level managers and employees, they are also paid according to their education and experience.

Scientists aren't certain of how supermassive black holes are created. It could be because hundreds or thousands of tiny black holes merge together, large gas clouds could also be responsible, collapsing together. A third option is a group of stars all collapsing together. Once supermassive black holes have formed, they gather dust and gas from around them, causing them to grow even bigger.

At some point in the future when the hydrogen runs out, at that point the star will start to collapse itself under its own weight. It get denser, hotter until the point where it starts to use the helium atoms themselves as the fuel for the fusion. As the star begins to fuse helium, it creates more energy and that causes the outer layers of the star to start to expand. One day our sun will grow so large that it will swallow up the inner planets of our solar system. It will become a red giant, for the sun this will be the beginning of the end. Then they explode and become a supernova or for some biggggggggggeeeeerrr stars it would be a hypernova, which is waaaayyy stronger than a supernova; supernovas are some of the most beautiful sights in the universe. Lucky for us, our sun is too small to even explode and become a supernova. These explosion of stars are so powerful that it can outshine the whole galaxy during its explosion. For the

This paper will introduce you to the incredible topic which is black holes. A black hole is a region of space time exhibiting such strong gravitational effects that nothing can escape from inside it. (NASA) No human has ever entered a black hole and there is still a large mystery about them; we have very little idea of where the matter that enters them goes. A black hole cannot be looked into either, as it sucks all the light into the middle of it. Space programs use special satellites with certain features that allow them to see these black holes. A black hole can be big or small, sometimes forming when a star is dying. Some scientists speculate that there can be black holes just 1 centimeter large. There are multiple types of

The first black hole was discovered in 1971 and John Wheeler, an American astronomer, coined the term black hole in 1967 (“Black Holes: Facts”). Black holes are formed out of pieces of a star that have exploded in a supernova explosion (“Black Holes – NASA”). They are also formed when two stars have a stellar collision

A black hole is a region in space where the pulling force of gravity that is so strong that the region cannot escape. This compression can take place at the end of its stars life. Some black holes are a result of dying stars. How every space telescopes with special instruments can help find black holes. They can observe the behavior of material and stars that are very close to black holes. Black holes can come in a rage of signs, but there are three main types of black holes. The black holes mass and size determins what kind it is. The smallest ones are known as primordial black holes. Scientists believe this type of black hole can be up to 20 times greater than the mass of the sun and fit into a ball of about 10 miles. The largest black holes are called supermassive. Supermassive black holes are at the center of the milky way galaxy is called sagittarius. A black holes gravity can be as strong to pull off the outer layer gass of the star and grow a disk. The

Type I supernova: star accumulates matter from a nearby neighbour until a runaway nuclear reaction ignites.

A blackhole occurs when a giant or supergiant start dies. But before the star dies their is a fusion reaction going on constantly throughout its life time. This fusion reaction can be di erent from star to star ff depending on its age. For a young star the reaction is a proton to proton fusion, a middle aged star can have a carbon reaction and a much older star, which is collapsing on itself has a helium fusion reaction. Once a star has finished reacting all of the helium it has the core begins to 'eat' it's self instead of the helium. This makes the core have a stronger and stronger gravitational pull. After the core has 'eaten or suck up everything into its fusion reaction it collapses due to so much compressed mass in a small space which forms a giant explosion creating a supernova which then turns into a singularity. Thus

Before a star is born, massive clouds of dust and gas are pulled together by gravity in space, called a stellar nebula. These massive clouds are pulled to the center of the collapse into a number of points, or course within them. In the middle of the core, several events

They are scattered throughout the galaxies. A stellar black hole is the product of the death of a giant star such as a pulsar or a neutron star. Black holes in general are very rare because most stars are not massive enough to create them. When a star stops producing fusion energy, the equilibrium of the star no longer exists. Without the star producing any fuel, there is no pressure created that can hold the star in place. The pressure that a star creates is used to prevent the gravity from crushing the core. Now that there is no pressure pushing outward, the gravity becomes so violent that it crushes matter to the point that it is completely destroyed. At this point, black holes are born. Black holes are created in rare occasions. During the death of most stars, they slowly dim out or explode into trillions of microscopic particles. For example, the sun, which is a red dwarf, will slowly die out. Eta Carinae on the other hand, located 8,000 light years away from Earth, is likely to explode within the next several hundred thousand

Common types of black holes are produced by certain dying stars. A star with a mass greater than 20 times the mass of our sun can produce a black hole at the end of its life. Black holes are usually only created by the death of a very massive star. When a very massive star dies, it explodes into a supernova. The outer parts of the star are launched violently into space while the core completely collapses under its own weight. If the core remaining after the giant explosion from the supernova is very massive, there

“As the protostar radiates, it shrinks in size to generate the energy that replaces the radiated energy”. In turn, a balance is formed between cold temperatures and high densities, meaning that the star will have to generate heat proportional to the amount of dense particles within the star. Additionally, the more dense a nebula is, the faster it will form; and over time, the core heat of a protostar will will begin to approach 10 million degrees Kelvin, forming the perfect conditions for this

Main sequence stars like our own sun enduring in a state of nuclear fusion during which they will produce energy for billions of years by replacing hydrogen to helium. Stars change over billions of years. When their main sequence phase ends they pass through other states of existence according to their size and other characteristics. The larger a star's mass, the shorter its lifespan is. As stars move toward the end of their lives, much of their hydrogen will be converted to helium. Helium sinks to the star's core and raises the star's temperature—causing its outer shell to expand. These large, puffy stars are known as Red Giants. The red giant phase is actually a prelude to a star shedding its outer layers and becoming a small, dense body called a White Dwarf. White dwarfs cool down for billions and billions of years, until they finally go dark and produce no energy at all. Once this happens, scientists have yet to observe, such stars become known as Black Dwarfs. A few stars avoid this evolutionary path and instead go out with a bang, exploding as Supernovae. These violent explosions leave behind a small core that will then turn into something called a Neutron Star or even, if the remainder is large enough, it is then turned into something called a Black Hole.